Introduction to Sociology Exam 1

Question 1

Sociology

Answer 1

The systematic collection of information the explanation findings, connections to the bigger picture

Question 2

C Wright Mills

Answer 2

Sociological Imagination

Question 3

Sociological imagination

Answer 3

vivid awareness of the relationship between personal experience and the wider society, trying to see the world in a new view

Question 4

Social Structure

Answer 4

study of the relations among individuals and groups in a society, when these relations are on a predictable enduring pattern

Question 5

culture

Answer 5

lens of values and beliefs through which we view reality

Question 6

conflict theory

Answer 6

unequal distribution of wealth and power in a society

Question 7

Karl Marx

Answer 7

Key thinker of conflict theory

Question 8

Durkheim

Answer 8

key thinker of functionalism

Question 9

functionalism

Answer 9

view society of a set of parts that work together

Question 10

Herbert Blumer

Answer 10

Key thinker of symbolic interactionism

Question 11

symbolic interactionism

Answer 11

the way people interact with one another, and the meanings, definitions, and interpretations that influence these interactions

Question 12

Dorothy Smith

Answer 12

key thinker of Feminism

Question 13

Feminism

Answer 13

women deserve the same rights as men

Question 14

The 4 Paradigm

Answer 14

Feminism, symbolic interactionism, functionalism, conflict theory

Question 15

Drake and Cardi B are similar in their access to power, wealth and prestige, As such, Drake and Cardi B are in the same:

Answer 15

social class

Question 16

who wrote that “social facts must be studied as things, as realities external to the individual”

Answer 16

Emile Durkheim

Question 17

A group of people with similar access to power, wealth and prestige are called

Answer 17

social class

Question 18

The concept of the sociological imagination was originated by

Answer 18

C Wright Mills

Question 19

society

Answer 19

a group of people who occupy a particular territory, feel they make up a unified and distinct entity, and share a standard set of assumptions about reality

Question 20

norms

Answer 20

the rules or expectations of behaviour people consider acceptable in their group or society norms vary from one community to another and change over time

Question 21

values

Answer 21

a shared understanding of what a group or society consider suitable, right, desirable a way of viewing the world and attaching positive or negative sentiments

Question 22

constraining power

Answer 22

the ability of a social institution to control peoples behaviour and increase their obedience to social norms and to limit their life chances and opportunities

Question 23

Transformative power

Answer 23

the ability of a social institution or experience to radically change peoples routine practice

Question 24

social institution

Answer 24

a social structure governed by stable patterns of rules and expectations. social institutions include the family the school the church

Question 25

social relationship

Answer 25

a pattern of continuing contact and communication between two or more people that follows an expected pattern

Question 26

status

Answer 26

the rights, duties and lifestyle that people associate with a particular role in an institution or society

Question 27

role

Answer 27

the way people expect you to act in a social situation

Question 28

interaction

Answer 28

a pattern exchanged of information, judgment, confirmation, or emotions between at least 2 people in a social setting

Question 29

negotiation

Answer 29

an interaction whose goal is to define boundaries or expectations of a relationship

Question 30

symbolic violence

Answer 30

nonphysical violence or harm perpetrated by the powerful against the powerless

Question 31

Bias

Answer 31

refers to the systematic errors in the process of drawing conclusion from our observations that may lead to inaccurate or imprecise knowledge

Question 32

social research methods

Answer 32

the toolset that sociologists draw from in order to learn about, understand and contribute to social life

Question 33

reliability

Answer 33

the extent to which findings can be replicated and are consistent across comparable situations

Question 34

validity

Answer 34

refers to the extent that a concept, or an idea or measure accurately represents the real world

Question 35

quantitative methods

Answer 35

reliance on numerical values obtained through surveys rather than interviews

Question 36

qualitative methods

Answer 36

examines characteristics that cannot simply be reduced by numerical values

Question 37

saturation

Answer 37

point in time when no new insights are gained from additional data analysis

Question 38

triangulation

Answer 38

comparing and contrasting data from various sources

Question 39

correlation

Answer 39

measure of association between 2 variables which can be either negative or positive

Question 40

computational social sciences

Answer 40

the use of approaches such as machine learning to collect and analyze research data with unprecedented breadth, depth and scale

Question 41

research design

Answer 41

the blueprint of the study which includes the study type, research, question, hypothesis etc

Question 42

standpoint theory

Answer 42

theory that individuals view society from different social locations depending on their past experiences and their status position

Question 43

census

Answer 43

a recurring and official count of a particular population

Question 44

reactivity

Answer 44

people under observation changing their usual or typical behaviour because they know they are being observed

Question 45

ethnocentrism

Answer 45

the tendency to use ones own culture as a basis for evaluating other cultures; also the view that ones culture is superior to others

Question 46

cultural relativism

Answer 46

the principle that we should judge a culture and its beliefs and values by that culture itself not another culture

Question 47

ideology

Answer 47

a set of ideas and beliefs that provides the basis for political or economic action

Question 48

dominant ideology

Answer 48

a set of thoughts and beliefs that justifies and perpetuates the ruling class in a given society

Question 49

sign

Answer 49

a gesture, artifact or word that represents something other than itself

Question 50

androcentric or sexist impression/language

Answer 50

any use of word that implies male dominance or exclusivity (and inferiority or invisibility of other genders) (postman, mankind)

Question 51

subculture

Answer 51

a group that shares the cultural elements of the larger society but also has its own distinctive values

Question 52

material culture

Answer 52

the physical and technological aspect of peoples lives all the physical objects that members of a culture create and use

Question 53

cultural capital

Answer 53

body of knowledge and social skills that help people get ahead socially

Question 54

social capital

Answer 54

resource that one gains from being part of a network of social relationships

Question 55

vancouver riots

Answer 55

1994 and 2001

Question 56

1994 Vancouver riot

Answer 56

police and media removed all the police use of violence