Introduction to the Human Brain

Question 1

What are the 2 anatomical subdivisions of the nervous system?

Answer 1

CNS and PNS

Question 2

What are the 2 poles of the brain?

Answer 2

Occipital and frontal

Question 3

What are the three main parts of the brain?

Answer 3

Cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum and brain stem

Question 4

What is the function of the brain stem?

Answer 4

Breathing, cardio etc. No conscious function

Question 5

What is the gap between the two hemispheres called?

Answer 5

Great longitudinal fissure

Question 6

Do higher functioning animals have more or fewer folds in the cerebrum?

Answer 6

More

Question 7

What is the word for peaks in the folds of the cerebrum?

Answer 7

gyrus

Question 8

What is the word for troughs in the folds of the cerebrum?

Answer 8

Sulcus

Question 9

What are the four lobes of the brain?

Answer 9

Frontal, occipital, parietal, temporal

Question 10

What sulcus divides the frontal and parietal lobes?

Answer 10

central sulcus

Question 11

What sulcus marks the upper boundary of the temporal lobe?

Answer 11

Lateral sulcus

Question 12

Every ____ ______ comes from the precentral gyrus

Answer 12

Motor axon

Question 13

All _______ goes to the postcentral gyrus

Answer 13

Sensation

Question 14

There is only a visible divide between the occipital and parietal lobes on the ______ side of the brain. This is called the _____________ _________

Answer 14

medial, parietooccipital sulcus

Question 15

What 3 things make up the brainstem?

Answer 15

medulla, pons, midbrain

Question 16

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 16

Allows you to move accurately

Question 17

What is the function of the fourth ventricle?

Answer 17

contains CSF, reduces speed of movement of the brain

Question 18

What is in the diencephalon?

Answer 18

Thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 19

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

Answer 19

12

Question 20

How many swellings are there at first in the neural tube during the development of the brain? What are these called?

Answer 20

3. Proencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon

Question 21

How many secondary vesicles are there and what are they called?

Answer 21

5. Telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, myencephalon

Question 22

What does the rhombencephalon develop into?

Answer 22

metencephalon and myencephalon

Question 23

What does the mesencephalon develop into?

Answer 23

mesencephalon

Question 24

What does the prosencephalon develop into?

Answer 24

Telencephalon and diencephalon

Question 25

What does the telencephalon develop into?

Answer 25

Cerebral hemispheres

Question 26

What does the mesencephalon develop into?

Answer 26

Midbrain

Question 27

What does the metencephalon develop into?

Answer 27

Pons and cerebellum

Question 28

What does the myencephalon develop into?

Answer 28

medulla oblongata

Question 29

What is in the neural tube?

Answer 29

CSF

Question 30

What is the vestigial?

Answer 30

central canal of the spinal cord

Question 31

What are the meninges?

Answer 31

Membranes surrounding the brain

Question 32

Describe the dura

Answer 32

tough, fibrous, covers the brain like a loose fitting bag. 2 large reflections, falx cerebri between the two hemispheres and tentorium cerebelli between the cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 33

What are the three meninges?

Answer 33

Dura, arachnoid and pia

Question 34

Describe the arachnoid

Answer 34

soft and translucent, under dura

Question 35

What is the name of the potential space between the dura and arachnoid?

Answer 35

Subdural space

Question 36

Describe the pia

Answer 36

very thin and delicate, not visible. Tightly adhered to surface of brain following all cavities.

Question 37

What are the layers of the dura?

Answer 37

periosteal and meningeal

Question 38

What space do the two layers of dura form?

Answer 38

superior sagittal sinus

Question 39

What percentage of O2 is consumed by the brain?

Answer 39

20%

Question 40

Which two main vessels supply the brain?

Answer 40

Vertebral and internal carotid

Question 41

Which are the three cerebellar arteries?

Answer 41

Posterior inferior Anterior inferior Superior

Question 42

Which are the three cerebral arteries?

Answer 42

Posterior Middle Anterior

Question 43

What do the two vertebral arteries unite to form?

Answer 43

The basilar artery

Question 44

What does the basilar artery bifurcate to?

Answer 44

Posterior cerebral

Question 45

Where does the post inf cerebellar come from?

Answer 45

vertebral

Question 46

Where does the ant inf cerebellar come from?

Answer 46

Basilar

Question 47

Where does the superior cerebellar come from?

Answer 47

basilar

Question 48

Where do the middle and anterior cerebral arteries come from?

Answer 48

Internal carotid

Question 49

What is the connection of all the cerebral arteries called?

Answer 49

Circle of willis

Question 50

Which arteries complete the circle of willis and where do they run from and to?

Answer 50

Posterior communicating- from internal carotid to posterior cerebral Anterior communicating between the anterior cerebral

Question 51

What supplies the lateral hemispheres?

Answer 51

middle cerebral majority then anterior and posterior cerebral the edge

Question 52

What supplies the medial hemispheres?

Answer 52

anterior cerebral the top, posterior cerebral the bottom, midle cerebral another bit