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Head and Neck Anatomy > Introduction to the Neck > Flashcards

Introduction to the Neck Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

The platysma is located in what kind of tissue?

A

Superficial fascia

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2
Q

Investing fascia will:

A

attach to the boundaries of the neck and forms a sleeve.

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3
Q

Superficial fascia is:

A

Continuous throughout body

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4
Q

CN I:

A

Olfactory- Smell

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5
Q

CN II:

A

Optic- Sight

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6
Q

CN III:

A

Occulomotor- movement of extrinsic eye muscles

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7
Q

CN IV:

A

Trochlear-

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8
Q

CN V:

A

Trigeminal- Sensation to face, Oral cavity and movement of muscles of mastication

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9
Q

CN VI:

A

Abducens

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10
Q

CN VII:

A

Facial– motor to muscles of face, taste, parasympathetic to salivary glands

Innervates muscles of facial expression.

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11
Q

CN VIII:

A

Vestibulochochlear– hearing and balance

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12
Q

CN IX:

A

Glossopharyngeal- Sensation to throat and tongue, taste, parasympathetic to salivary glands

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13
Q

CN X:

A

Vagus: Motor to throat and parasympathetic to thorax and abdomen

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14
Q

CN XI:

A

Accessory

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15
Q

CN XII:

A

Hypoglossal- Motor to tongue muscles

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16
Q

Describe the Sternocleidomastoid:

A
  • 2 heads
  • Inserts on mastoid process
  • Action: Bilateral flexion of neck. Will turn head towards opposite
  • Innervated by CN XI (Accessory N.)
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17
Q

Describe the Trapezius:

A

Innervated by CN XI ( Accessory N.)

- Insert: spine of snap, acromina, lateral clavicle

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18
Q

Give an overview of the Suprathyroid muscles:

A

They attach to mandible and help elevate hyoid bone. Include:

  • Mylohyoid
  • Glenohyoid
  • Stylohyoid
  • Digastric
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19
Q

Describe Mylohyoid:

A

Innervated by myoid N. (V3)

  • Makes up the floor of the oral cavity
  • Muscle fibers run horizontally
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20
Q

Describe the Glenohyoid:

A

Innervated by 1st cervical N. (C1): Elevates hyoid bone

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21
Q

Describe the Stylohyoid:

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A

Innervated by CN XII (Facial N)- Is not a muscle of facial expression

22
Q

Describe the Digastric:

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A

Posterior: Extends posteriorly to mastoid process: Innervated by facial N

Anterior: Midline mandible to tendon: innervated by V3

  • CT holds both down to hyoid bone
23
Q

Give an overview of the Infrahyoid Muscles:

Study These Flashcards
A

Strap muscles; depress hyoid bone. Includes:

  • Sternohyoid
  • omohyoid
  • sternothyroid
  • Thyrohyoid
24
Q

Sternohyoid:

Study These Flashcards
A

Innervated by Ansa Cervicalus

25
Omohyoid:
Slightly lateral to sternohyoid. Has two bellies. Hyoid to clavicle (OMO=Shoulder) - Innervated by Ansa Cervicalus
26
Sternothyroid:
Attach to thyroid cartilage. Innervated by the Ansa Cervicalus
27
Thyrohyoid:
Thyroid Cartilage to hyoid bone; Innervated by C1
28
What is a Raphe
Line between two myloids
29
Boundaries and contents of the Muscular Triangle:
Boundaries: (will have a left and right) - Sternocleidomastiod - Superior belly of the omohyoid - Midline Contents: - Strap muscles (Sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, Thyrohyoid) - Larynx - Trachea - Thyroid gland (C5-T1) - Parathyroid glands - Esophagus - Branches of the Ansa cervicalis - Superior thyroid artery and veion - Inferior thyroid vein (Inferior thyroid arteries not included) - Anterior jugular - Lymph nodes
30
Boundaries and Contents of the Submental triangle:
Boundaries: - Anterior belly of right digastric - Anterior belly of left digastric - Body of the hyoid Contents: - Anterior Jugular Vein - Submental lymph nodes (Should palpate for in exam)
31
Boundaries and contents of the Carotid Triangle:
Boundaries: - Sternocleidomastoid: Innervated by CNXI - Posterior belly digastric: Innervated by CN VII - Superior belly of omohyoid: Innervated by Ansa cervicalis Contents: - Arteries: Common carotid arter w/ bifurcation at C3, Internal carotid artery, External carotid artery - Veins: Internal Jugular vein, common facial vein, lingual vein, superior thyroid vein, middle thyroid vein - Nerves: Vagus, Internal and external laryngeal nerve branches, Accessory, Hypoglossal, Ansa Cervicalis - Visceral structures: Larynx, Thyroid
32
What are the three branches of the Trigeminal N.
1. Ophthalmic n (V1) 2. Maxillary N (V2) 3. Mandibular N (V3)
33
Boundaries of the Submandibular Triangle:
Boundaries: - Anterior: Anterior belly of digastric muscle (V3) - Posterior: Posterior belly of digastric (XII) - Superior: Inferior border of the body of the mandible Floor: - Mylohyoid: Origin: mylohyoid line of the mandible; Insertion: Midline raphe from chin to body of hyoid bone - Hypoglossus (Hypoglassal N XII): Origin: Grater horn of hyoid bone; Insertion: Lateral surface of the tongue - Middle constrictor: Forms part of the throat. Origin: Greater horn of hyoid and stylohyoid ligament; Insertion: into muscle of other side at midline raphe
34
Submandibular Triangle contents:
- Stylohyoid muscle (will split) - Submandibular gland - Submandibular lymph nodes - Facial Artery (under posterior digastric and over submandibular gland): Major branch: Submental artery (to anterior digastric) Supplies blood to submandibular gland and face - Facial Vein: Will cross submandble very superficially and will be very straight - Hypoglossal N: Lies on hypoglossal M. and under mylogyoid - Mylohyoid N: Crosses parallel to submental A. Note: Lingual N. and lingual A. are never located near each other.
35
The External occipital protuberance (Inion):
Part of trapezius attachment
36
Superior nuchal line:
Attachment of trapezius and sternocleidomastoid
37
Mastoid process of temporal bone:
Attachment of SCM
38
Foramen magnum:
(Big hole) transmits spinal cord and vertebral arteries
39
Jugular Forament:
Starting point of internal jugular vein; IX, X and XI pass through there
40
Carotid canal:
Passage of internal carotid artery
41
Occipital condyles:
Articulation with atlas (C1)
42
Hypoglossal canal:
For XII
43
Styloid process:
Attachment for three muscles (all start with stylo)
44
Stylomastoid foramen:
Located between styloid and mastoid processes, transmits VII
45
Zygomatic arch:
Muscle attachments and helps form cheek
46
Glenoid Fossa:
Position of mandibular condyle at rest
47
Articular eminence:
Articulates with mandibular condyle in functional movements
48
Articular tubercle:
Attachment of lateral ligament of TMJ
49
Posterior glenwood tubercle:
limits posterior movement of condyle
50
Tympanic plate:
Anterior wall of external acoustic meatus

Head and Neck Anatomy (6 decks)

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