Introductory info

Question 1

types of landforms

Answer 1

coastal, fluvial, pedological, glacial, mass wasting, eolian, tectonics, and humans

Question 2

examples of coastal landforms

Answer 2

beaches, marshes, swamps, deltas, platforms, terraces

Question 3

examples of fluvial landforms

Answer 3

point bars, cut bank, flood plains, terrace, delta

Question 4

examples of pedological landforms

Answer 4

soils, paleosols, geosols, catenas, fragipans

Question 5

examples of mass wasting landforms

Answer 5

slumps, slides, falls, scarps, fans, debris flow

Question 6

examples of eolian landforms

Answer 6

dunes, loess, ventifacts

Question 7

what is loess

Answer 7

windblown silt that implies its glacially ground up “stuff”

Question 8

examples of tectonic landforms

Answer 8

flat irons, scarps, plateaus, pediments

Question 9

examples of human landforms

Answer 9

anything w straight lines, piles of debris

Question 10

what are ventifacts

Answer 10

sand blasted by wind

Question 11

what are flat irons

Answer 11

mountains go up and expose rooks, and then the streams erode it away into a triangle shape

Question 12

what are the agents of change

Answer 12

gravity, river and oceans, glaciers, wind, and humans

Question 13

what is the primary agent of change

Answer 13

gravity

Question 14

how do rivers and oceans act as agents of change

Answer 14

waves, tides and sea levels; river fluctuations

Question 15

what influences river fluctuations

Answer 15

climate determines how much water is in the system

Question 16

how do glaciers and rivers act as agents of change

Answer 16

meandering rivers, glacial moraines

Question 17

how do rivers act as agents of change

Answer 17

river down cuts and creates terraces when the climate changes; they move across the valley before glaciers advance

Question 18

how does wind act as an agent of change

Answer 18

dunes that can be made of sand, silt, or clay

Question 19

dunes do not equate to what? and why?

Answer 19

wind, the term dune refers to the shape

Question 20

how do humans act as agents of change

Answer 20

by removing or oversteeping slopes that cause mass wasting, dam failure, building buildings on cliffs, coastal construction

Question 21

.who championed geomorphology

Answer 21

william morris davis

Question 22

landscapes ____ overtime

Answer 22

evolve

Question 23

stages of evolution can be determined by… (WMD theory)

Answer 23

examining the characteristics of the landscape

Question 24

the characteristics of the landscape implies that ___ is the critical factor (WMD theory)

Answer 24

time

Question 25

what causes issue with this theory (WMD theory)

Answer 25

plate tectonics will "upset" the landscape

Question 26

what was G.K. Gilbert's input about process geomorphology

Answer 26

landroms are balanced between resting framework and driving forces acting to alter the landscape

Question 27

what did G.K. Gilbert's theory imply

Answer 27

time is but one part of may that affect the landscape alteration

Question 28

example of driving forces and resisting forces

Answer 28

rocks are the resisting framework, climate is the driving force. Rocks are eroding away but keeping the shape

Question 29

the landscape is changing but also staying in _____

Answer 29

equilibrium

Question 30

when landscapes are in equilibrium, the form ___ and the position ____

Answer 30

stays the same, changes

Question 31

when a landscape is in equilibrium, what will happen to the shape if nothing is added to the system

Answer 31

keeps same shape forever

Question 32

what is dynamic equilibrium

Answer 32

the balance between opposing forces that has a threshold. Once this threshold is overcome balance must be re-established under these new conditions

Question 33

steady time

Answer 33

no change over a short time

Question 34

graded time

Answer 34

small changes over longer time due to fluctuations in boundary conditions

Question 35

cyclic time

Answer 35

same changes occur over time. the average conditions with time can become flat, featureless plane

Question 36

base level

Answer 36

when erosion will occur

Question 37

what are the driving forces

Answer 37

climate, gravity and internal heat

Question 38

what is climate driven by

Answer 38

the sun, solar radiation interacting w earth's major systems; Milinkovich cycles

Question 39

what does gravity determine

Answer 39

how much work will operate on all systems

Question 40

what does internal heat drive

Answer 40

plate motion/ tectonic activity

Question 41

what does internal heat control

Answer 41

the potential energy for work

Question 42

rocks under the surface can ____ when pressure is applied by the others with the addition of ____

Answer 42

bend, heat

Question 43

basin

Answer 43

extension

Question 44

ridge/valley

Answer 44

compression

Question 45

ridges are made up of what

Answer 45

more resistant rock types

Question 46

valleys have what type rock

Answer 46

shale