introductory_persian_20160207192447 Flashcards

Question

نَقّاش

Answer 1

painter, portraitist

Answer 2

birth, nativity, genesis

Answer 3

mainly, mostly, primarily

Answer 4

surely, certainly

Answer 5

you planted

Answer 6

you killed

Answer 7

inscription

Answer 8

the same (as)

Answer 9

that is why

Answer 10

to be added to *something*

Answer 11

to practice

Answer 12

electronics engineer

Answer 13

mechanical engineer

Answer 14

chemical engineer

Answer 15

researcher, scholar

Answer 16

ophthalmologist

Answer 17

-ere.g. writer = نویسنده

Answer 18

introduce yourself

Answer 19

where are you from (formal)?

Answer 20

part of speech (ex. noun, adjective, etc)

Answer 21

first name

Answer 22

what is your name?

Answer 23

my name is ___*NOTE: if your name ends with a vowel, the ast is pronounced "ast". If your name ends with a consonant, you can pronounce it as "e/".

Answer 24

(me too) it is nice to meet you

Answer 25

Mrs/Miss/Ms

Answer 26

girl, daughter

Answer 27

what is...?

Answer 28

how, in what way?

Answer 29

Shiraz (a city in southern Iran)

Answer 30

Esfahan (a city in central Iran)

Answer 31

child, baby

Answer 32

woman, wife

Answer 33

uncle (maternal)

Answer 34

aunt (maternal)

Answer 35

uncle (paternal)

Answer 36

aunt (paternal)

Answer 37

cousin (daughter of maternal uncle)

Answer 38

cousin (daughter of maternal aunt)

Answer 39

cousin (daughter of paternal uncle)

Answer 40

cousin (daughter of paternal aunt)

Answer 41

cousin (son of maternal uncle)

Answer 42

cousin (son of maternal aunt)

Answer 43

cousin (son of paternal uncle)

Answer 44

cousin (son of paternal aunt)

Answer 45

household, family

Answer 46

when (relative pronoun)

Answer 47

question marker

Answer 48

specific direct object marker

Answer 49

It's very nice to meet you (lit. of the meeting of you I am very pleased to meet you)

Answer 50

me too, also (emphatic, lit. me too also)

Answer 51

question word

Answer 52

historical

Answer 53

for, in order to

Answer 54

still (as in "he is still a child")

Answer 55

construction

Answer 56

he passed away

Answer 57

he studies

Answer 58

he plays (i.e. an instrument)

Answer 59

grandmother

Answer 60

grandfather

Answer 61

grandchild

Answer 62

you (singular informal)

Answer 63

you (plural; formal singular)

Answer 64

well (adverb)

Answer 65

he teaches

Answer 66

university

Answer 67

I like, love

Answer 68

present perfect tense marker

Answer 69

s/he paints

Answer 70

capital city

Answer 71

kind, nice

Answer 72

- add kasra to words, except those which end in long vowels which get a ی or a hamze on the ه- shows possession (like in Arabic)- used to connect adjectives to nouns- used after titles like agha and khanim + surname- NOT used after titles + first name- used between first name and surname- NOT used when first name ends in long vowel

Answer 73

elderly (more polite than "old")

Answer 74

how old are you (informal)?

Answer 75

how old are you (formal)?

Answer 76

something that is part of you

Answer 77

university student

Answer 78

elementary or high school student

Answer 79

good, happy (denotes a state of being)

Answer 80

good (adjective)

Answer 81

sleet, dew, also a name

Answer 82

mistake (from french)

Answer 83

affectionate term (lit. mouse mouse)

Answer 84

dear (use after a name to denote affection, e.g. Noelia jan)

Answer 85

to be*note the special negation:present: نِیستpast: نَبود

Answer 86

to have*note the special negation:present: نَدارمpast: نَداشتم

Answer 87

negation of the present tense for most verbs (except to be, to have)* placed before a simple verb, or between the two parts of a compound verb

Answer 88

to eat (food)

Answer 89

to fall (lit. to eat the floor/earth)

Answer 90

- consonant endings: normal (e.g م ، -ی ، -است-)- words that end in ی or unpronounced ه = add an alif (ام ، -ای ، -است- )- words that end in ا or و (e.g. یم - -یی ، -است-)

Answer 91

order, command, speech/speaking

Answer 92

about, approximately

Answer 93

to get more information

Answer 94

capital city

Answer 95

to search, research

Answer 96

to introduce

Answer 97

I miss ____(lit. my heart has become tight for ___)

Answer 98

to need __

Answer 99

in order to (verb in infinitive), I need ____

Answer 100

winter coat

Answer 101

the Arctic

Answer 102

voice, sound

Answer 103

very, much*note: - when used as the adverb "very", goes BEFORE the noun. - when used as the adjective "many", goes AFTER the noun.

Answer 104

but, yet, though

Answer 105

thank you (from arabic)

Answer 106

thank you (from arabic)

Answer 107

thank you (traditional persian, rarely used except by people against the government and by Persian purists)

Answer 108

you're welcome

Answer 109

my pleasure

Answer 110

what is your job?

Answer 111

what job do you do?

Answer 112

Good morning!

Answer 113

Good afternoon!

Answer 114

Good night!

Answer 115

late afternoon

Answer 116

until, so that

Answer 117

some (people)

Answer 118

here (lit. this place)

Answer 119

to read, to study

Answer 120

very; many

Answer 121

restaurant

Answer 122

well; good

Answer 123

university student

Answer 124

engineering

Answer 125

Thanks; grateful

Answer 126

civil (e.g. civil engineering)

Answer 127

kindness, love, affection

Answer 128

Good for you!

Answer 129

to apologize to

Answer 130

major (in studies)

Answer 131

teacher (give three plurals)- most formal, only found in written- colloquial- more formal, but still can be said

Answer 132

- add "ن" to beginning of simple verb, ex:من دیروز به دانشگاه نرفتم- add it to verbal part of a compound noun, ex:ما در ایران زندگی نمی کینم- note that the نـ is pronounced /na/ BUT pronounced /ne/ before می- negative form of present tense of بودن is irregular- note that words like "never, no one, or nowhere" require a negative verb

Answer 133

نیستمنیستینیستنیستیمنیستیدنیستند

Answer 134

- basically, adjectives force Persian nouns to be more specific (are you definite or indefinite? are you singular or plural?). Without an adjective, nouns can hide in generality as singular definite beings. - To start off, the noun describing something is definite, unlike English... UNLESS the noun is qualified by an adjective.Exs.من دانشجو هستم = I am a studentمن دانشجوی خوبی هستم = I am a good student.- the singular is used for plural subjects UNLESS the noun is qualified by an adjectiveExs.ما دانشجو هستیم = We are studentsما دانشجویان خوبی هستیم = We are good students.

Answer 135

superlative ending- come before the noun WITHOUT ezafe

Answer 136

comparative ending- come after the noun with ezafe

Answer 137

- positive and comparative adjectives come after the noun; noun has ezafeدانشگاهِ بددانشگاهِ بدتر- superlative adjectives come before the noun without ezafeبدترین دانشگاه

Answer 138

very, much

Answer 139

more (comparative of بسیار)

Answer 140

most (superlative of بسیار)

Answer 141

to eat [food]

Answer 142

to fall (lit. "to eat dirt")

Answer 143

where (relative pronoun)

Answer 144

I likeimpersonal construction, lit. "my good/pleasure comes"

Answer 145

best friend

Answer 146

those (who)

Answer 147

to be killed

Answer 148

Iran-Iraq War (lit. "the imposed war")

Answer 149

replacement for استexample: من است --> منه

Answer 150

replacement for خانم

Answer 151

replacement for من هم

Answer 152

replacement for خداحافظ

Answer 153

more common than چند

Answer 154

replacement for بلدید "you (pl. or formal) know"

Answer 155

replacement for direct object marker "را"

Answer 156

replacement for ببخشید

Answer 157

replacement for بروید

Answer 158

replacement for ید -

Answer 159

replacement for ان -ex. میدان

Answer 160

replacement for کجاست

Answer 161

replacement for یک

Answer 162

replacement for دقیقه

Answer 163

replacement for طول می کشد

Answer 164

replacement for کی را

Answer 165

statue (more formal word, usually for a grander statue)

Answer 166

statue (general word)

Answer 167

suffix for "maker of"

Answer 168

X years ago

Answer 169

resting-place

Answer 170

in order to, for

Answer 171

in order to acquire

Answer 172

information

Answer 173

to live= زندگی کردن

Answer 174

state of being

Answer 175

means; that is to say

Answer 176

suffix denoting a place (ex. university, resting-place = دانشگاه ، آرامگاه

Answer 177

pluralize! even when referring to a third person, you can do this.

Answer 178

to forgive, excuse

Answer 179

to know, to be acquainted with

Answer 180

entitled, by the name of

Answer 181

young (adj), youngster (noun)

Answer 182

alternative pronoun for third person plural that is commonly used with a plural verb to refer to third person singular in polite conversation

Answer 183

- normally used before the verb (ex. مرا ، ترا ، او را ، ما را ، شما را ، آنها را)- either followed by direct object marker or preceded by preposition indicating indirect object marker(ex. به من گفت ، به تو گفت)- in colloquial, normally added to the verb as a suffix( بخشیدم ، -ت ، -ش، -مان ، -تان ، -شان) - in compound verbs, the direct objective suffix is added to the NOMINAL PART(ex. Ali loves her = علی دوستش دارد)

Answer 184

to encourage

Answer 185

to carry out, perform

Answer 186

the Caspian Sea

Answer 187

I read booksI read a bookI read your bookI read a new bookI read the new bookI read your new book

Answer 188

subject --> adverb of time --> object --> adverb of manner --> adverb of place --> verb*note that you can scramble these adverbs to emphasize their importance

Answer 189

with, by (e.g. I go to school by bus)

Answer 190

next (week/month/etc)

Answer 191

last (week/month/etc)

Answer 192

to move (houses)(lit. "to pull furniture")

Answer 193

to open (something, e.g. a door)

Answer 194

easy, simple

Answer 195

busy, crowded

Answer 196

pants, trousers

Answer 197

to add, pour

Answer 198

fruit juice

Answer 199

Indian food (lit. "foods")

Answer 200

April 3rd, the thirteenth day of spring. All Iranians must go outside or they believe bad luck will befall them. Then they throw their wheat sprouts in the running water.

Answer 201

Nishabour (where Omar Khayyam was from)

Answer 202

picture, photograph

Answer 203

was taken (ex. a photograph)

Answer 204

after(ex. one week after Sizdabehzar = یگ هفته پس از سیزده به در)

Answer 205

in addition

Answer 206

interesting

Answer 207

Noruz (Iranian new year, March 21st)

Answer 208

Farvardin (first month of the Iranian year)

Answer 209

Haft-Sin (the Noruz table setting)

Answer 210

last Tuesday night of the year in the Iranian calendar

Answer 211

table cloth

Answer 212

celebration, festival

Answer 213

rights, salary, law (the subject)

introductory_persian_20160207192447 Flashcards

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