Ionic bonding Flashcards
What is ionic bonding?
An ionic bons, is the attration between all the positively charged ions, and all the negatively charged ions, in a 3D lattice.
What is the main compound which ionic bonding forms?
Salts.
What are properties of all salts, and explain them.
- All salts have high melting points, and high boiling points
- Most salts are brittle, and shatter when hit with enough force.
- Most salts dissolve in water.
- Most salts dont conduct electricity in the solid state, however they conduct electricity when melted, or dissolve din water.
What type of lattices do ionic bonds form?
3D lattices.
Whtat is the overall charge in ionic compounds, and explain your answer.
Neutral (0), because all the elctrostatic forces between the negatively charged ions,a nd positively charged ions, cancel each other out.
Which type of 2 elements , are ususally used in ionic bonding?
A metal, and a non-metal.
What happens when you melt an ionic compound?
The 3D lattice breaks, and the ions are now free to flow over each other.
However, ionic bonding is still present in the liquid. Its just a bit weaker, because the cations, and anions, are a bit further away from each other.
This means the electrostatic forces, are now weaker, which in turn, weaken the ionic bond overall.
What happens when you boil an ionic compound?
The ions and cations form individual atoms.
No more ionic bonding at this stage.
Why can salts not conduct electricity in solid form, but can conduct it in molten, or dissolved in water state?
Because solids, cannot conduct charge,because they are in a fixed position, and cannot move, therefore, they do not conduct electricity.
In liquids, the ions are now free to move, and because of that, they are now able to carry charge, and conduct electricity.
Do ionic compounds have very high melting and boiling points?
TRUE OR FALSE?
True.
Which factors affect the strength of ionic bonding?
- The charge of the ions. The higher the charge, the stronger the elctrostatic attraction.
- Size of ions. The larger the size of ions, the larger the distance between the cations and anions, which means weaken the strength of electrostatic forces.
Does the strength of ionic bonding, increase, or decrease down a group? Explain your answer.
It decreases.
This is because, down a group, the size of ions increases, which means that the distance between the positively charged ions, and negatively charged ions, weakens, which in turn, weakend the electrostatic attractions.
What happens when you dissolve an ionic compound, in water?
The lattice breaks down into individual ions, and they can now move freely throught the mixture.
They can conduct electricity at this point.
Why are ionic compounds brittle ( easy to break)?
Because sliding layers in a 3D ionic lattice, slide over each other, resulting in a strong repulsion between the layers, which the easily push apart.
What is the charge, and formula of a sulfate ion?
SO4
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