Ionic Bonding

Question 1

All the atoms over the at the left side of the periodic table, eg. Sodium, potassium just have one or two electrons in their outer shell. What is the meaning of outer shell and what does this mean for the element?

Answer 1

The outer shell is the highest energy level, if they do not have full outer shell they would want to get rid of it because then they will only have full shells left which is what they want.

Question 2

When atoms have transferred electrons so now have full outer shells, what is it now called?

Answer 2

An ion.

Question 3

Pg 40

Answer 3

Pg 40

Question 4

What do ionic compounds always have?

Answer 4

A giant ionic lattice, the ions form a closely packed regular lattice arrangement.

Question 5

What do oppositely charged ions have in all directions?

Answer 5

Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the oppositely charged ions.

Question 6

Why do salt crystals tend to be in a cuboid shape?

Answer 6

Because a single crystal of sodium chloride (salt) is one giant ionic lattice.

Question 7

Give some properties of ionic compounds.

Answer 7

They all have high melting points.

They do not dissolve easily in water.

Question 8

Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

Answer 8

Due to the strong attraction between the ions.

Question 9

When ionic compounds dissolve or melt what will they still carry?

Answer 9

The ions separate and are all free to move in the solution, so they will carry electric current.

Question 10

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 10

Atoms loss or gain electrons to form charged particles (called ions) which are then strongly attracted to one another. ( because of the attraction of opposite charges)