Ionic Bonding Flashcards
What is an ion?
A particle with a charge (as gained or lost electrons.)
What charge do lithium ions have?
1+
What charge do magnesium ions have?
2+
What charge do aluminium ions have?
3+
What charge do bromide ions have?
1-
What charge do oxide ions have?
2+
What charge do nitride ions have?
N3-
What is the formula for the nitrate ion?
NO3-
What is the formula for the ammonium ion?
NH4+
What is the formula for the carbonate ion?
CO32-
How are metal ions formed?
Metals give away electrons to form + ions.
How are non-metal ions formed?
Gain electrons to form - ions.
Describe how sodium chloride (NaCl) is formed.
Sodium atoms each give 1 electron to a chlorine atom. The Na+ ions attract the Cl- ions.
How many electrons does Li+ have?
Lithium has atomic number of 3 so 3 electrons. As it has 1+ it has lost an electron. 2 electrons.
What is the difference between magnesium sulphate and magnesium sulphide?
Sulphate contains oxygen.
Sulphide does not.
What is the formula for the sulphate ion?
SO42-
Why do ionic substances have high melting and boiling points?
Strong electrostatic attraction between ions needs a lot of energy to be broken.
Why don’t ionic substances conduct electricity as solids?
The ions can’t move and so can’t carry a charge.
What is the formula of magnesium chloride?
MgCl2
Describe the structure of an ionic solid.
Regular lattice of oppositely charged ions.
How many electrons does Mg2+ have?
Magnesium has an atomic number of 12 so 12 electrons. As it has 2+ it has lost two electrons.
10
Draw a diagram to show the structure of magnesium oxide.
Mg2+ O2- Mg2+
O2- Mg2+ O2-
Mg2+ O2- Mg2+
O2- Mg2+ O2-
