Ions, Charges & Bonding

Question 1

What are ions?

Answer 1

Charged particles formed when atoms lose or gain electrons

Question 2

How do metals form ions?

Answer 2

Lose electrons to become positively charged

Question 3

How do non-metals form ions?

Answer 3

Gain electrons to become negatively charged

Question 4

Why do Group 1 metals form +1 ions?

Answer 4

Have 1 outer electron, lose it to get full outer shell

Question 5

Why do Group 7 elements form -1 ions?

Answer 5

Have 7 outer electrons, gain 1 to get full outer shell (8)

Question 6

What are positive ions called?

Answer 6

Cations

Question 7

What are negative ions called?

Answer 7

Anions

Question 8

Element with 15 protons and 18 electrons - what is the ion charge?

Answer 8

3- (gained 3 electrons)

Question 9

Element with 20 protons and 18 electrons - what is the ion charge?

Answer 9

2+ (lost 2 electrons)

Question 10

Element with 12 protons and ion charge 2+ - how many electrons?

Answer 10

10 electrons

Question 11

Element with ion charge 1+ and 2 electrons - how many protons?

Answer 11

3 protons (Li⁺)

Question 12

Element with 10 electrons and ion charge 1- - how many protons?

Answer 12

9 protons (F⁻)

Question 13

Element with 37 protons and ion charge 1+ - how many electrons?

Answer 13

36 electrons (K⁺)

Question 14

Element with 9 electrons and ion charge 3+ - how many protons?

Answer 14

12 protons (Al³⁺)

Question 15

Element with 35 protons and ion charge 1- - how many electrons?

Answer 15

36 electrons (Br⁻)

Question 16

How to name compounds: metal written before what?

Answer 16

Non-metal

Question 17

If compound has metal and one non-metal, what ending does non-metal have?

Answer 17

-ide (e.g. sodium chloride)

Question 18

If compound has metal, non-metal and oxygen, what ending does non-metal have?

Answer 18

-ate (e.g. sodium chlorate)

Question 19

Give the correct name for MgO

Answer 19

Magnesium oxide

Question 20

Give the correct name for MgCl₂

Answer 20

Magnesium chloride

Question 21

Give the correct name for CuSO₄

Answer 21

Copper sulphate

Question 22

Give the correct name for LiNO₃

Answer 22

Lithium nitrate

Question 23

Draw and write the electronic structure of nitrogen

Answer 23

2,5 (2 electrons in first shell, 5 in second shell)

Question 24

Draw and write the electronic structure of magnesium

Answer 24

2,8,2 (2 electrons in first shell, 8 in second, 2 in third)

Question 25

Draw and write the electronic structure of argon

Answer 25

2,8,8 (2 electrons in first shell, 8 in second, 8 in third)