ions, isotopes, atoms test

Question 1

tells us how many protons are in the nucleus and tells us the identity of the atom

Answer 1

atomic number

Question 2

tells us the number of protons plus neutrons

Answer 2

atomic mass

Question 3

atoms that vary in the number of neutrons

Answer 3

isotopes

Question 4

atoms that vary in the number of electrons

Answer 4

ions

Question 5

group 1

Answer 5

alkali metals

Question 6

group 2

Answer 6

alkaline earth metals

Question 7

group 6

Answer 7

chalcogens

Question 8

group 7

Answer 8

halogens

Question 9

group 8

Answer 9

noble gases

Question 10

alkali metals

Answer 10

most reactive metals

Question 11

halogens

Answer 11

most reactive non-metals

Question 12

most reactive alkali

Answer 12

francium

Question 13

most reactive halogen

Answer 13

fluorine

Question 14

elements that touch the red line

Answer 14

semi-metals / metalloids

Question 15

exceptions of semi-metals

Answer 15

boron & aluminum

Question 16

experiment made by J.J. Thomson

Answer 16

cathode ray experiment

Question 17

discoverer of the electron

Answer 17

J.J. Thomson

Question 18

maker of the plum pudding model

Answer 18

J.J. Thomson

Question 19

experiment made by Robert Millikan

Answer 19

oil drop experiment

Question 20

discoverer of the charge of an electron in coulombs

Answer 20

Robert Millikan

Question 21

experiment made by Ernest Rutherford

Answer 21

gold foil experiment

Question 22

person that found out the atom was mostly empty space except for a dense, positively charged nucleus

Answer 22

Ernest Rutherford

Question 23

discoverer of the neutron

Answer 23

James Chadwick

Question 24

thought that matter was made up of small particles (atomos)

Answer 24

Democritus

Question 25

ridiculed Democritus

Answer 25

Aristotle

Question 26

potion making and turning things to gold

Answer 26

alchemy

Question 27

- father of atomic theory - revised Democritus's idea of the atom

Answer 27

John Dalton

Question 28

actual mass of protons & neutrons

Answer 28

1.673 x 10 ^-24g

Question 29

actual mass of electron

Answer 29

9.11 x 10^-28g

Question 30

relative mass of protons & neutrons

Answer 30

1

Question 31

relative mass of electron

Answer 31

1/1840

Question 32

person that called elements roots

Answer 32

Aristotle

Question 33

person that renamed roots to elements

Answer 33

Plato

Question 34

first person to have discovered a new element (phosphorous)

Answer 34

Henning Brand

Question 35

described the element as a "substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by a chemical reaction"

Answer 35

Robert Boyle

Question 36

makes Henning Brand's work public

Answer 36

Robert Boyle

Question 37

Father of Chemistry

Answer 37

Antione Lavoisier

Question 38

wrote the first modern chemical textbook (elementary treatise of chemistry)

Answer 38

Antione Lavoisier

Question 39

person who made one of the earliest attempts to classify the elements

Answer 39

Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner

Question 40

person who discovered triads

Answer 40

Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner

Question 41

___ elements were discovered by 1869

Answer 41

63

Question 42

person who made an early periodic table arranged in a spiral (tellurix helix)

Answer 42

Alexandre-Emile de Chancourtois

Question 43

similar elements seem to occur at regular intervals when they are ordered by their atomic weights

Answer 43

periodicity

Question 44

person that noticed that many pairs of similar elements existed which differed by some multiple of eight in their atomic mass (law of octaves)

Answer 44

John Newlands

Question 45

father of the periodic table

Answer 45

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 46

person that arranged the elements by atomic weight and predicted the discovery of new elements

Answer 46

Dmitri Mendeleev

Question 47

person who arranged table by atomic number

Answer 47

Henry Moseley

Question 48

person who found a relationship between an element's x-ray wavelength and atomic number

Answer 48

Henry Moseley

Question 49

person who moved the actinides and lanthanides to the bottom of the periodic table

Answer 49

Glenn Seaborg

Question 50

(physical) conduct electricity

Answer 50

conductive

Question 51

(physical) hammered into sheets

Answer 51

malleable

Question 52

(physical) drawn into wire

Answer 52

ductile

Question 53

(physical) most are shiny

Answer 53

luster

Question 54

chemical property of metals

Answer 54

they give away electrons

Question 55

isotopes of atoms with unstable nuclei

Answer 55

radioisotope

Question 56

unstable atoms lose energy by emitting radiation

Answer 56

radioactive decay

Question 57

- symbol: α - composition: alpha particles - description: helium nuclei - charge: 2+

Answer 57

alpha

Question 58

- symbol: β - composition: beta particles - description: electrons - charge: 1-

Answer 58

beta

Question 59

- symbol: γ - composition: high-energy electromagnetic radiation - description: photons - charge: 0

Answer 59

gamma

Question 60

- slow moving - sheet of paper can stop penetration

Answer 60

alpha

Question 61

- emitted when a neutron in an unstable nucleus converts into a proton - very fast moving - metal foil can stop penetration

Answer 61

beta

Question 62

- accounts for most of the energy loss that occurs as a nucleus decays - made of photons (high energy short-wavelength electromagnetic radiation) (no mass, no charge) - the emission of ___ does not change the atomic number or mass of the nucleus

Answer 62

gamma

Question 63

- form of high-energy electromagnetic radiation - emitted when inner electrons are knocked out and electrons from higher energy levels drop down to fill the vacancy

Answer 63

x-rays

Question 64

the ability of radiation to pass through matter

Answer 64

penetrating power

Question 65

radioactive decay in which an atom's atomic number is altered

Answer 65

transmutation

Question 66

protons and neutrons

Answer 66

nucleons

Question 67

acts on subatomic particles that are extremely close together and overcomes the electrostatic repulsion among protons

Answer 67

strong nuclear force

Question 68

the area on the graph within which all stable nuclei are found

Answer 68

band of stability

Question 69

too many neutrons

Answer 69

atoms above the band

Question 70

too many protons

Answer 70

atoms below the band

Question 71

decreases number of neutrons in the nucleus

Answer 71

beta decay

Question 72

reduction of number of neutrons and protons

Answer 72

alpha decay