IP ADDRESSING

Question 1

What is the binary equivalent of the decimal number 192?
A) 11000000

B) 10111111

C) 11100000

D) 10011000

Answer 1

Answer: A) 11000000

Question 2

Convert the hexadecimal number A3 to decimal.
A) 163

B) 1632

C) 160

D) 1630

Answer 2

Answer: A) 163

Question 3

Which of the following is a private IP address?
A) 10.0.0.1

B) 172.16.0.1

C) 192.168.1.1

D) All of the above

Answer 3

Answer: D) All of the above

Question 4

What is the default subnet mask for a Class A IP address?
A) 255.255.255.0

B) 255.255.0.0

C) 255.0.0.0

D) 255.255.255.255

Answer 4

Answer: C) 255.0.0.0

Question 5

How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
A) 32

B) 64

C) 128

D) 256

Answer 5

Answer: A) 32

Question 6

What is the subnet mask for a /26 network?
A) 255.255.255.128

B) 255.255.255.192

C) 255.255.255.224

D) 255.255.255.240

Answer 6

Answer: B) 255.255.255.192

Question 7

How many subnets can you create from a /24 network by borrowing 2 bits?
A) 2

B) 4

C) 8

D) 16

Answer 7

Answer: B) 4

Question 8

What is the broadcast address for the network 192.168.1.0/24?
A) 192.168.1.255

B) 192.168.1.0

C) 192.168.1.1

D) 192.168.0.255

Answer 8

Answer: A) 192.168.1.255

Question 9

Which subnet mask allows for 30 hosts per subnet?
A) /30

B) /29

C) /28

D) /27

Answer 9

Answer: D) /27

Question 10

What is the first valid host address in the 192.168.1.0/24 network?
A) 192.168.1.0

B) 192.168.1.1

C) 192.168.1.255

D) 192.168.2.0

Answer 10

Answer: B) 192.168.1.1

Question 11

How many host addresses are available in a /30 subnet?
A) 2

B) 4

C) 6

D) 8

Answer 11

Answer: A) 2

Question 12

What is the last valid host address in the 192.168.1.0/24 network?
A) 192.168.1.254

B) 192.168.1.255

C) 192.168.1.1

D) 192.168.2.0

Answer 12

Answer: A) 192.168.1.254

Question 13

Which of the following is a valid Class B private IP address?
A) 10.0.0.1

B) 172.16.0.1

C) 192.168.0.1

D) 169.254.0.1

Answer 13

Answer: B) 172.16.0.1

Question 14

What is the purpose of a subnet mask?
A) To identify the network portion of an IP address

B) To encrypt IP addresses

C) To assign IP addresses dynamically

D) To route packets between networks

Answer 14

Answer: A) To identify the network portion of an IP address

Question 15

Which command displays the IP configuration on a Windows machine?
A) ifconfig

B) ipconfig

C) netstat

D) route

Answer 15

Answer: B) ipconfig

Question 16

What is the network address for the IP address 192.168.1.100/24?
A) 192.168.1.0

B) 192.168.1.100

C) 192.168.1.255

D) 192.168.0.0

Answer 16

Answer: A) 192.168.1.0

Question 17

How many bits are borrowed in a /26 subnet mask?
A) 2

B) 4

C) 6

D) 8

Answer 17

Answer: A) 2

Question 18

What is the subnet mask for a /28 network?
A) 255.255.255.240

B) 255.255.255.224

C) 255.255.255.192

D) 255.255.255.128

Answer 18

Answer: A) 255.255.255.240

Question 19

Which of the following is a valid Class C private IP address?
A) 10.0.0.1

B) 172.16.0.1

C) 192.168.1.1

D) 169.254.0.1

Answer 19

Answer: C) 192.168.1.1

Question 20

What is the purpose of Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM)?
A) To create subnets of equal size

B) To create subnets of varying sizes based on need

C) To assign IP addresses dynamically

D) To route packets between networks

Answer 20

Answer: B) To create subnets of varying sizes based on need

Question 21

How many subnets can be created from a /24 network by borrowing 3 bits?
A) 6

B) 8

C) 16

D) 32

Answer 21

Answer: B) 8

Question 22

What is the broadcast address for the network 192.168.1.0/29?
A) 192.168.1.8

B) 192.168.1.7

C) 192.168.1.6

D) 192.168.1.9

Answer 22

✅ Answer: B) 192.168.1.7

Question 23

How many usable host addresses are there in a /29 network?
A) 6

B) 8

C) 4

D) 2

Answer 23

✅ Answer: A) 6

Question 24

Which address type is 127.0.0.1?
A) Broadcast

B) Multicast

C) Loopback

D) APIPA

Answer 24

✅ Answer: C) Loopback

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a valid subnet mask? A) 255.255.255.0 B) 255.255.255.240 C) 255.255.255.255 D) 255.0.255.0

Answer 25

✅ Answer: D) 255.0.255.0

Question 26

Which class of IP address provides 16 million hosts per network? A) Class A B) Class B C) Class C D) Class D

Answer 26

✅ Answer: A) Class A

Question 27

How many usable host addresses are in a /27 network? A) 30 B) 32 C) 62 D) 64

Answer 27

✅ Answer: A) 30

Question 28

What is the network address for 172.16.35.123/20? A) 172.16.0.0 B) 172.16.32.0 C) 172.16.16.0 D) 172.16.35.0

Answer 28

Answer: B) 172.16.32.0 (/20 = mask 255.255.240.0; block size = 16 → 172.16.32.0 is the closest base.)

Question 29

Which of the following is a multicast IP address? A) 224.0.0.1 B) 192.168.0.1 C) 10.10.10.10 D) 169.254.0.1

Answer 29

✅ Answer: A) 224.0.0.1

Question 30

What is the CIDR notation for a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0? A) /16 B) /24 C) /8 D) /32

Answer 30

✅ Answer: B) /24

Question 31

What is the binary representation of 255.255.254.0? A) 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000 B) 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 C) 11111111.11111110.00000000.00000000 D) 11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000

Answer 31

✅ Answer: A) 11111111.11111111.11111110.00000000

Question 32

Which command can be used to test IP address connectivity? A) ipconfig B) ping C) traceroute D) netstat

Answer 32

✅ Answer: B) ping

Question 33

What kind of address is 169.254.0.0/16? A) Private B) Multicast C) APIPA D) Public

Answer 33

✅ Answer: C) APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing—used when DHCP fails)

Question 34

What does CIDR stand for? A) Classless Internet Data Routing B) Classful IP Domain Routing C) Classless Inter-Domain Routing D) Class-based Internet Design Rules

Answer 34

✅ Answer: C) Classless Inter-Domain Routing

Question 35

You need 4 subnets with at least 30 hosts each. What is the minimum subnet mask you can use? A) /24 B) /26 C) /27 D) /28

Answer 35

✅ Answer: C) /27 (/27 provides 32 addresses, 30 usable)

Question 36

Which IP address is in the same subnet as 192.168.5.62/26? A) 192.168.5.130 B) 192.168.5.94 C) 192.168.5.200 D) 192.168.5.1

Answer 36

✅ Answer: D) 192.168.5.1 (/26 = 64 addresses per block → 192.168.5.0–63, 64–127, etc.)

Question 37

What subnet mask would you use for exactly 2 usable hosts? A) 255.255.255.252 (/30) B) 255.255.255.248 (/29) C) 255.255.255.254 (/31) D) 255.255.255.255 (/32)

Answer 37

✅ Answer: A) 255.255.255.252 (/30)

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a valid host address? A) 192.168.1.0 B) 192.168.1.1 C) 192.168.1.254 D) 192.168.1.100

Answer 38

✅ Answer: A) 192.168.1.0 (It’s a network address)

Question 39

What is the purpose of subnetting? A) To increase host addresses B) To combine networks C) To divide large networks into smaller ones D) To convert public IPs into private

Answer 39

✅ Answer: C) To divide large networks into smaller ones

Question 40

40. Which of the following masks offers the largest number of subnets? A) /16 B) /24 C) /30 D) /27

Answer 40

✅ Answer: C) /30

Question 41

What type of address is 255.255.255.255? A) Loopback B) Directed Broadcast C) Limited Broadcast D) Multicast

Answer 41

✅ Answer: C) Limited Broadcast

Question 42

In VLSM, which subnet would you use for a WAN link needing only 2 IP addresses? A) /28 B) /27 C) /30 D) /29

Answer 42

✅ Answer: C) /30

Question 43

What is the usable host range of 10.0.0.0/8? A) 10.0.0.1 to 10.255.255.254 B) 10.0.0.1 to 10.0.0.255 C) 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 D) 10.0.0.1 to 10.255.255.255

Answer 43

✅ Answer: A) 10.0.0.1 to 10.255.255.254

Question 44

What class does 192.0.2.1 belong to? A) A B) B C) C D) D

Answer 44

✅ Answer: C) C

Question 45

Which two IP addresses are automatically assigned and not usable for hosts? A) Network and Broadcast B) Default Gateway and DNS C) Loopback and APIPA D) MAC and IP

Answer 45

✅ Answer: A) Network and Broadcast

Question 46

What is the maximum number of usable hosts in a /22 subnet? A) 512 B) 1024 C) 1022 D) 254

Answer 46

✅ Answer: C) 1022

Question 47

Which of the following is used to assign IPs dynamically? A) DNS B) DHCP C) NAT D) ARP

Answer 47

✅ Answer: B) DHCP

Question 48

Which of these would you use to summarize 192.168.0.0/24 through 192.168.3.0/24? A) 192.168.0.0/21 B) 192.168.0.0/23 C) 192.168.0.0/24 D) 192.168.0.0/22

Answer 48

✅ Answer: D) 192.168.0.0/22 (This summarization covers 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.3.255.)

Question 49

What is the network address of 10.10.10.17/28? A) 10.10.10.0 B) 10.10.10.16 C) 10.10.10.1 D) 10.10.10.32

Answer 49

✅ Answer: B) 10.10.10.16 (/28 = block size of 16 → valid ranges: 0–15, 16–31, etc.)

Question 50

A network has the address 172.31.0.0/20. What is the last valid host IP address in this subnet? A) 172.31.15.254 B) 172.31.0.254 C) 172.31.255.254 D) 172.31.15.255

Answer 50

✅ Answer: A) 172.31.15.254 (/20 = 255.255.240.0 → block ends at 172.31.15.255, so last host is .254)