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Science > Ip8 Summative1- Vocab > Flashcards

Ip8 Summative1- Vocab Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Food web vs food chain

A

Food web: many food chains together, bigger
Food chain: chain of transfer of energy of organisms
Producer–>primary consumers–> secondary consumers
(Plants) (Herbivore) (Omnivores+carnivores)

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2
Q

Physical adaptation

A

How an animal’s body is designed to affect its diet, the way it gets food, and its survival

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3
Q

Desalination

A

Removing salt from water

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4
Q

Mutation

A

Variation in DNA

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5
Q

5 kingdoms of living things

A 
1 monera
2 protoctista
3 fungi
4 plantae
5 animalia
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6
Q

Bacteria

A
  • One celled

- no nucleus,mitochondria

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7
Q

Fungus

A
  • Can’t make own food from sun

- decompose breakdown decaying matter

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8
Q

Plant

A
  • Have chloroplast to make food

- cell wall

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9
Q

Animal

A
  • Multicelled, complex

- can’t make own food

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10
Q

Protista

A
  • Has a nucleus
  • one celled
  • capable of movement
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11
Q

Solution

A

A mixture in which the solute particles is spread evenly throughout the solvent particles.

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12
Q

Saturation

A

The highest level/amount possible for a solute

For exp. taking a sponge out of a pail full of water –> fully saturated(can’t soak in anymore)

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13
Q

Biotic factor vs abiotic

A

Biotic: living
Abiotic: non-livin

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14
Q

Evaporation

A

A gradual process in which a liquid changes into gas/vapor

  • will be faster if add heat
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15
Q

Succession + 3 factors that drive succession

A

Steps that follow each other when a habitat is healing/ growing
3 factors that drive succession:
1. Physical changes produced by native residents
2. geological changes –> landslides, floods
3. Biogenic changes –> new predator, new consumer, invasive species

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16
Q

Mixture

A

A combination of two or more substances that do not lose their identity when combined.

Can still be separated physically.

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17
Q

Solvent

A

Substance that dissolves the solute to make a solution.

  • usually the greater quantity
  • usually a liquid
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18
Q

Biome

A

A global zone with its own unique climate, plants, and wildlife.
It is not divided by strict borders, blends into each other
It is shaped by natural elements such as mt, river

For exp. boreal forests, grasslands, mts, desert

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19
Q

Natural selection

A

The healthier animal will survive to pass on DNA

“Survival of the fittest

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20
Q

Concentration vs dilute

Concentrated

A

Concentration - amount of solute in solvent
Concentrated - a gap high level of solute in a solvent
Diluted - a low level of solute in a solution

Exp. thai tea is concentrated w/ sugar
Sharks can sense a diluted amount of blood in the ocean

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21
Q

Solute

A

Substance that dissolves in a solvent.

For exp. salt water
Salt- solute
Water- solvent

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22
Q

Camouflage

A

A physical adaptation that helps an animal blend into environment to hide from it’s predators and prey

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23
Q

Symbiosis

A

Relationships between organisms.

Dependence of organisms on one another.

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24
Q

Dissolve

A

Spreading of particles of a solute evenly through a solvent

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25
Commensalism
Relationship between species where one animal benefits while the other is not affected. ( no gain, no loss )
26
Ingredient
A substance used to make a solution or a mixture.
27
Producer
Organism that makes own food
28
Herbivore
Eat only plants
29
Consumer
An organism that depends on other organisms as food sources
30
Omnivore
Consumer that eats both plants and animals
31
Primary consumer
Plant-eaters Exp. deer, rabbit, cow
32
Scavenger
Organisms that eat dead already Exp. buzzards, vulture, wasp
33
Tyndall effect Explain the difference in solution and mixture.
A test for determining a true solution. Solution: it will not appear clearly since, didn't hit any particles, no particles to reflect off of Mixture: can see clearly the beam of light since there were more+bigger particles
34
Host
-Organism where the parasite lives off of
35
Parasitism
Negative relationship between species where one species harms the host it is living off of.
36
Mutualism
Relationship between species where both animals benefit from one another. 50/50
37
Mimicry
Acting like or looking like a more dangerous organism for protection
38
Competition
Relationship between species where animals compete against each other for the same resources.
39
Bio diversity
Having many different species in a habitat Benefits: more food sources, more symbiosis, more resistant to bad changes and diseases
40
Tools for separating mixtures and solutions
1. Evaporation 2. Heat 3. Filtering 4. Sieve (strainer) 5. Hands and tweezers 6. Magnetic force
41
K selected
Parents have few young which they give lots of care + attention to : more survive For exp. humans, tiger, whale, panda
42
R selected
Parents have many young where they give little or no attention to. : only a few survive For exp, dandelion, mice, insects, sea turtles
43
Environment
Everything around a habitat, all connected to each other, both living and non living .
44
Invasive species
An animal that doesn't belong in the environment with the native species. Slowly bringing harm to the environment.
45
Niche
An animal's job in the environment
46
Non living factors that affect survival
Water Sun- temp -main source of energy for everything living
47
Secondary consumer
Eat the herbivores, meat Exp. hawk, lion
48
Bio magnification
Concentration of energy and pollution increases up the food chain
49
Poisonous vs venomous
Poisonous: touched or eaten Venomous: bitten, stung
50
Pioneer species
The first organisms to arrive in a habitat such as worms, seeds, insects, weeds
51
Climax species
Final product of an adult forest or habitat such as tall trees, large carnivores
52
Decomposer
Breaks down dead species Exp. mushrooms, worms
53
Evolution
Changes over long periods of time
54
Variation
The small differences in species such as hair color, eye color, spots, curls
55
Appendages
Something on an organism's body it uses to survive
56
Darwin's theory vs Lamark's
Lamarck: physical changes in the parents are passed down to young sauce us strength, stretching (giraffes) Darwin: animals with the best DNA are the ones to survive to have offspring with their trait (weaker one is not able to breed)
57
Reptiles
Snake, lizards
58
Amphibians
Frogs, toads, salamanders
59
Insects
Ants, butterflies
60
Fish
Clownfish, goldfish
61
Annelids
Worms, night crawlers
62
Porifera
Sea sponges
63
Crustacean
Crabs, barnacles
64
Echinoderm
Sea star
65
Cnidaria
Jellyfish
66
Mammals
Human, kangaroo, dolphins
67
When we mix solutes and solvents......
The masses often never change but the volume often does change.
68
Physical property
The characteristics of a substance Exp. appearance, solvable, mass, volume, 5 senses
69
Solvable-insolvable
Solvable- will dissolve in water | Insolvable- will not dissolve in water
70
Boiling
A process in which a liquid rapidly changes into a gas - water boils at 100 c* - boiling point is lower at higher elevations
71
Distillation + uses
heating a liquid until it vaporizes, condensing the vapor, and collecting it in a separate container Uses: purifying water, separate solutions, solvents, solutes

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