IPC Flashcards
(95 cards)
1
Q
What are the privileges of an instrument rating?
A
Holder of Instrument rating is authorised to pilot aircraft:
- Under IFR
- Under Night VFR
2
Q
What are the limitations of an instrument rating?
A
(Equipped, Single Pilot, Circling, Examiner, Approach)
- Aircraft equipped for that kind of operation
- Single pilot operation only if: Passed flight test in single-pilot aircraft or completed IPC in single-pilot aircraft
- Authorised to conduct circling approach only if: Passed flight test in previous 12 months or; IPC included circling approach or; participating in operators checking and training and holds an approval under 61.040
- IPC; Covers IFR operations and conducted by flight examiner
- Can conduct Instrument approach if: Completed training and demonstrated competence to person
3
Q
Recent Experience
A
- Does not apply if: Completed OPC in previous 3 months or; participating in operators checking and training and operator holds approval
- IFR: Conducted 3 instrument approaches in previous 90 days
- IFR Particular Category: Conducted at least 1 instrument approach within previous 90 days in aircraft of the same category
- 2D Approach: has conducted 2D approach in previous 90 days
- 3D Approach: Has conducted a 2D approach in previous 90 days
- Azimuth Approach: Has conducted an azimuth guidance operation in previous 90 days
- CDI Approach: Conducted a CDI operation in previous 90 days
4
Q
Who can fly single pilot IFR?
A
- Must conduct single pilot flight within previous 6 months to fly single pilot
- Flight must be at least one hour
- Flight must include at least one instrument approach
5
Q
What approaches are Azimuth?
A
ADF
VOR RMI
6
Q
What approaches are CDI?
A
7
Q
What approaches are 2D?
A
- VOR
- ADF
- DGA
- LOC
- RNP
8
Q
What approaches are 3D?
A
- ILS
9
Q
Requirements for IFR or VFR at night
A
- Multi- Engine class rating
- At least 1- hours dual instrument time in multi-engine
- At least 5 hours aeronautical experience at night including at least 1 hour dual and 1 hour solo night circuits
10
Q
Passenger carrying recency
A
- 3 takeoffs and landings by day for day ops
- 3 takeoffs and landings by night for night ops
11
Q
IFR Aircraft Equipment Required for IFR PVT/ AWK/ CHTR FREIGHT/ NVFR
A
- ASI ( Alternate Static or 2x Static ports) (Pitot heat for at least one ASI (Not required NVFR)
- ALT ( Alternate Static or 2x Static ports)
- Direct Reading Compass or remote indicating compass with standby direct reading compass ( Gyro-magnetic remote indicating compass (Slaved HSI) installed to meet requirements for remote indicating compass with standby direct also satisfies requirements for DG)
- Timepiece (Hours, minutes, seconds)
- VSI ( Not required NVFR) ( Alternate Static or 2x Static ports)
- OAT
- AH (Duplicate power, Not required NVFR)
- DG (Duplicate power, Not required NVFR)
- Turn and Slip ( Slip only if second AH is installed usable through 360-degree pitch/ roll) (Duplicate power, Not required NVFR)
- Gyro power supply (Suction gauge)
- ASI, ALT, VSI and heated Pitot lines must be connected to alternate static source or balanced pair of flush static ports
- AH, DG and TI will have duplicate power source unless TI or second AI have independent power source
(Not NVFR)
12
Q
Who is authorised to conduct circling approach?
A
- Passed flight test in previous 12 months or;
- IPC included circling
- Participating in checking and training and holds approval
13
Q
What does IPC cover?
A
IFR Operations
14
Q
Who must conduct IPC?
A
- Flight Examiner
15
Q
IFR Aircraft Equipment IFR PAX CHTR?
A
- 1X ASI (Pitot heat) (Alternate static or 2x static ports)
- 2X ALT (Alternate static or 2x static ports)
- 1X Direct reading compass or; Remote indicating compass with standby direct reading compass
- 1X Timepiece (Fitted to aircraft)
- 1X VSI (Alternate static or 2x static ports)
- 1X OAT
- 2X AH (Duplicate power)
- 1X DG (Duplicate power)
- Turn and Slip (Slip only if 3X AH installed through 360 pitch/ roll) (Duplicate power for TI)
- Gyro power supply (Suction Guage)
- Auto pilot incorporating AH may be used in place of 1X AH
16
Q
Auto Pilot requirements for IFR CHTR?
A
- Fitted with autopilot with roll, pitch, heading + altitude hold functions unless; 2x pilots with CPL, aircraft endorsement and instrument rating or; CHTR: one autopilot capability U/S for 3 days if PIC happy
17
Q
Lighting required for NVFR?
A
- Instrument lighting with alternate power source
- Lighting intensity control
- 2X Landing Lights (1X if CHTR no PAX)
- Pax compartment lights
- Pilot compartment lights
- Position + anti-collision lights (1x red beacon)
- Torch
18
Q
Requirements for assigned altitude indicator?
A
- In controlled airspace; Altiude alert system or assigned alttiude indicator
19
Q
IFR Radio Aid Requirements; CTA CHTR below 5700kg
A
- 2x Aids (Combo of… ADF, VOR, DME, GNSS) (Must include at least ADF or VOR)
or; - 1x TSO- C145a OR TSO-c146a GNSS
20
Q
IFR Radio Aid Requirements; Non-CTA CHTR below 5700kg
A
- 1x ADF or VOR
OR; - TSO- C145a or TSO- C164a GNSS
21
Q
Aircraft docummentstion requirements;
A
- Certificate of registration
- Certificate of airworthiness
- Maintenance release
- Licence and medical
- Flight manual
- Pax manifest
- Cargo manifest
(In Aus; Rego, airworthiness, pax manifest not required)
(If under AOC; need not carry flight manual if ops manual is on board)
22
Q
Equipment serviceability
A
- Must be serviceable before take-off unless; approved by CASA
23
Q
Altimeter Serviceability;
A
- Read within 60ft
- Exceeding 75ft= U/S
- 1x within 60ft, 1x between 60-75ft=can fly and then check… if still more than 60ft= U/S
24
Q
Forecast required but not obtained…..
A
- Can depart provided pilot is satisfied at departure is safe to return within 60 minutes
- Can continue if obtained within 30 minutes of departure
25
Forecast must cover period....
30 minutes before and 60 minutes after planned ETA
26
Can not commence VFR at night unless...
Can be VMC not less than 1,000ft above highest obstacle within 10nm either side of track
27
ARFOR (Area Forecasts)
- PCA shows regions and codes
- Cloud heigh in MSL
- Wind True
- Must be valid entire flight
28
TAF
- 5nm from aerodrome reference point
- Used for alternate requirements
- Cloud datum is aerodrome elevation
- Wind magnetic
- Validity period as per forecast requirments
- 30min buffer apply to INTER/TEMPO and FM
29
TTF
- 5nm from refernce point
- observation with statementof trend attached
- Valid 3 hours and replace TAF
- Cloud datum aerodrome elevation
- No buffers on Inter/ tempo/ fm
30
METAR (Meterological AerodromeReport)
- Issued hourly or 1/2 hourly
31
SPECI (Special Meterological Report)
- Replaces METAR
- When conditions fluctuate about or below criteria
- Temp 5
- QNH 2
- Wind 10
32
SIGMET (Significant Meterological Information)
- Description of occurrence which may affect safety or aircarft ops
33
INTER
30 MINUTES
34
TEMPO
60 MINUTES
35
FM
Significant change from this time
- If reducing conditions;30 minutes before
- If improving; 30minutes after
36
Thunderstorms.
If thunderstorms, associated severe turb or prob are forecast.... Alternate required
37
Provisional
Errors possible
| - ALternate must be carried
38
Take-off Minima; IFR ME (Not qualifying)
- 300ft Ceiling
| - 2000m Vis
39
Take-off Minima; IFR ME (Qualifying)
- 0ft Ceiling
- 800m Vis
- 550m vis if RWY edge lighting spaced not more than 60m and centreline markings
40
Qualifying aircraft
- Multi Engine
- IFR
- Piston or Turbo-Prop
- Able to maintain terrain clearance until reaching minimum height for IFR flight in the event of engine failure that is either: 2 pilots or 1 pilot an autofeather
41
Takeoff Minima
- Aircraft does not have sufficient perfromance to continue to destination or alternate following engine failiure after takeoff
- Takeoff minima will be landing minima of approach able to be used
42
Alternate Requirements
A- Aids (No aid= LSALT +500ft, 8km vis) ( Alternate not required if 2 in sky 1 on ground or 2 on ground 1 each in sky)
C- Cloud (More than SCT below alternate minima
V- Visibility (Below Alternate minima)
W- Wind (More than X/W Component)
P- Prov, Prob (PROB of fog, mist, dust) (PROV requires alternate)
L- Lighting (PAL + STBY + RP) ( PTBL+ RP) (PMNT + RP)
S- Storms
43
Alternate and Lighting Requirements
```
- May be nominated as alternate if;
(Single VHF Comms)
- NOT PAL OR;
- PAL + RP
(Dual VHF or 1X HF +1X VHF + 30 MIN HOLDING)
- PAL no RP
```
44
Position reporting
Approx.30 minutes or 200nm apart
| Whichever is least
45
Class A- Separation
Separated from other IFR (VFR not allowed)
46
Class C- Separation
Separated from other IFR and VFR
47
Class D Separation
Separated from IFR and special VFR, infogiven on VFR
48
Class E Separation
Separated from other IFR, information given on VFR
49
When must turn be commenced when given radar vector
Straight away at rate 1
50
When told to climb or descend when must it be initaited?
Within 1 minute
51
IFR Cruising levels
```
000-179= ODD
180-359= EVEN
```
52
Notify ATC when position estimate changes by more than
2 minutes
53
How is VAT speed calculated?
1.3x VSO *(Stall Landing COnfiguration
54
CAT A SPEEDS
Initial= 150-90kts
Final Approach= 100-70kts
Visual Manouvring= 100kts
Missed Approach= 110kts
55
Holding pattern CAT A speed limit?
- 170kts
56
Missed Approach Criteria.....
1. Not within Nav aid tolerance
2. Aid becomes suspect
3. Visual reference not established
4. Visual reference lost when circling to land
* Visual reference= runway threshold or approach lights
Circling approach= clear of cloud,in sight of ground or water and vis not below indicated on chart
57
What obstacle clearance is given in missed approach?
- 100ft
- 2.5%
If this cant be achieved MDA or DA should be raised
58
MSA (Minimum Sector Altitude
- 25 nm and 10nm areas that provide 1,000ftobstacle separation
59
MDA (Minimum descent Altitude)
Cannot descend below without visual reference
60
DA (Decision Altitude)
Missed approach must be initiated if required refernce not achieved
May descend below
61
When QNH received...
MDA reduced by 100ft
62
When Area QNHis used
+ 50FT
63
How is visual circling area determined?
Draw arc on centre of each runway threshold and join
64
What is the CAT A circling area?
1.68nm radius
65
What is the minimum alttiude for obstacle clearnace in CAT A circling area?
300ft above obstacles
66
LSALT BASIC DESIGN
Obstacle higher than 360ft- + 1,000ft to highest obstacle
Obstacle less than 360ft- + 1,360ft to elevation
Lowest LSALT is 1,500ft
67
Visual Approach OCTA
By day:
- Within 30nm
- Not below segment
- Not below appropriate step of DGA
- Not below MDA
- Clear of cloud
- Insight of ground or water
- Not less than 5000m vis
By night:
- Not below LSALT/MSA segment
- Not below appropriate step of DGA
- Not below MDA
- Clear of cloud
- Insight of ground or water
- Not less than 5000m vis
- Within circling area or 5nm (7nm if ILS) aligned with rwy centreline, not below on slope
- Within 10nm and established not below glideslope with less than full scale deflection on LOC
68
Visual Approach CTA
```
By day
- Within 30nm
- In sight of ground and water
- 5000mn vis or aerodrome in sight
By night
- In sight of ground and water
- 5000mn vis or aerodrome in sight
- Within 30nm or receiving minimum vector altitudes and being vectored
```
69
Visual Approach Tracking requirements CTA
- By day must manintian heading/ track within 5nm
| - By night within prescribed circling area and aerodrome in sight
70
Visual circling at night without instrument approach
- Suitable alternate
- Sufficient fuel
- Responsible for terrain separation
- 3nm in VMC, rwy lights insight
71
CTA Visual Approach
- By day:
- not below 500ft above ll of cta step
- By night:
- Not less than LSALT/ MSA or DGA arrival step or
- not below 500ft above ll of cta step
72
Cannot fly IFR below LSALT unless;
- Assigned radar terrain clearnace level
- Conducting DGA arrival
- Complying with instrument approach procedure
- Climb after takeoff
- By day VMC
73
How long is IPC valid?
Last day of 12th month
74
How to preserve IPC original date?
Can do3 months before expiry and hold date
75
IPC in twin covers you for...
MEA/ SE aircraft flight review(24months)
76
IFR Single limits you to
PVT, AWK, FRIEGHT CHTR
77
```
Pitot blocked (Climbing)
ASI=
```
Over-reads
78
```
Pitot blocked (descending)
ASI=
```
Under-reads
79
```
Static blocks (Climbing)
ALT=
```
Frozen
80
```
Static blocks (Climbing)
VSI=
```
0 FPM
81
```
Static blocks (Climbing)
ASI=
```
Underreads
82
```
Static blocks (Descending)
ALT
```
Frozen
83
```
Static blocks (Descending)
VSI
```
0FPM
84
```
Static blocks (Descending)
ASI=
```
Over-reads
85
Compass Errors- Acceleration
SAND
South- Accelerating
North-Decelerating
86
Compass Errors- Turning
ONUS
Overshoot- onto North
Undershoot- onto South
87
Area to consider for LSALT night VFR?
Within 10nm either side of route not less than 1,000ft above obstacle
88
Can you use track LSALT if you have GPS that is RNP2?
89
Alternate minima is always ...ft above circling minima
500ft
90
Obstacle clearnace CAT A?
Circling: 300ft
MSA: 1,00ft
LSALT: 1,00ft
Missed Approach: 100ft (2.5%)
GS (100kts) x2.5%= 250ft
91
What is the minimum LSALT?
1,500ft
92
Grey on approach?
AWIS QNH or TAF= -100ft
| Area QNH= +50ft
93
1 HPA=...FT
30 FT
94
ADSB requirements
- if no ADSB prior to departure have to call ATC for permission otherwise if failed on the way you can continue
95
Modes of GPS
Enroute- 2nm
Terminal- 1nm (30nm)
Approach-0.3nm (2nm from FAF)
