IPPC

Question 1

What is meant by the term best practicable/available technique

Answer 1

The technique to reduce emmissions that is most economically achievable by the company

Question 2

What is meant by best practicable environmental option

why was it forward thinking

Answer 2

There is emphasis on the protection on Land, air and the environment.

It was forward thinking because it was the first act that considered the benefit of the environment as a whole

Question 3

What concept did IPC introduce

What did it exist for

Answer 3

The BATNEEC the best available technique not entailing excessive cost
Providing a cost benefit analysis in the way environmental solutions were found
The IPC existed for the most potentially polluting industries
As oppose to the LAPC (land authority air pollution control) which existed for less threatening pollution contributors

Question 4

What three regulatory bodies were in place to uphold the IPC regime

Answer 4

NRA - National Rivers Authority - Rivers
HMIP - Her magisties Inspectorate of Pollution - Air
WRA - Waste regulatory Authorities - Land

Question 5

What was the main difference between the IPC and the IPPC

Answer 5

The was emphasis on additionally preventing the pollution as well as controlling it

Question 6

What are the purposes of the IPPC

Answer 6

1. Prevent/reduce emissions to air, land and water
2. Prevent/reduce noise, odour and vibration
3. Prevent/reduce waste
4. Prevent/reduce environmental accidents
5. Remediate sites
6. Conserve energy

Question 7

Define the terms Best, Available, and technique

Answer 7

Best - Most effective in achieving a high general level of protection of the environment as a whole.
Available - techniques shall mean those developed on a scale which allows implementation in the relevant industrial sector, under economically and technically viable conditions, taking into consideration the costs and advantages, whether of not the techniques are used or produced in the Member State in question, as long as they are reasonably accessible to the operator.
Techniques - shall include both the technology used and the way in which the installation is designed, built, maintained, operated and decommissioned.

Question 8

What are the principle differences between PPC and IPPC

Answer 8

1. IPC regulated emissions to land, water and air. PPC also does this and adds waste avoidance or minimisation, accident avoidance, as well as minimisation of noise, heat and vibration, and energy efficiency.
2. PPC applies to a wider range of industries than IPC. PPC includes those industries subject to IPC but now additionally includes landfill sites, intensive agriculture, large pig and poultry units, food and drink manufacturers, etc.
3. Under PPC, regulated industries are referred to as “installations” as opposed to “processes”, the latter term being used in IPC. The change in terminology was intended to capture a more integrated approach to regulation since a whole installation must be permitted rather than the individual processes within an installation.
4. IPC introduced the concept of BATNEEC (Best Available Techniques Not Entailing Excessive Cost) whilst PPC removed the “not entailing excessive cost”. Hence, in principle, if a technique is available (and this would normally mean that it is commercially available) then cost alone ought not prevent its use. Prior to BATNEEC, the guidance consisted of rather brief BPMs (Best Practicable Means) that were introduced from the days of the old Alkali Acts.