IQ1 Flashcards
what is an open system
exchange energy and matter with the surroundings
what is a closed system
only exchange energy with surroundings
what is an isolated system
do not exchange matter or energy with the surroundings
define dynamic equilibrium
rates of forward and backward reactions are equal and no macroscopic changes take place
define static equilibrium
a completion reaction involving limiting agent and rates of forward and backward reaction are zero
sharp decrease in one substance is due to
concentration
sharp increase in one substance is due to
concentration
gradual increase in all substances
temperature
gradual decrease in all substances
temperature
sudden decrease in all substances
pressure
sudden increase in all substances
pressure
When π₯πΊ is negative
the reaction is spontaneous
When π₯πΊ is positive
the reaction is non-spontaneous
When π₯πΊ is 0
the reaction is at equilibrium
why isnβt photosynthesis a equilibrium reaction
requires an input of energy and a catalyst to lower the activation energy in order to proceed
multi-step process
non-spontaneous as Gibbs free energy is greater than 0
change in entropy is less than 0 so becomes more ordered forming glucose molecules
open system
