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international relations > IR part one > Flashcards

IR part one Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

Treaty of Westphalia (1648)

A

through which modern states and international order based on state and sovereignty were created.

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2
Q

When was the rise of IR studies?

A

end of world war 1

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3
Q

What is the purpose of IR

A

to learn about what happened in the past and present to prevent it happening in the future

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4
Q

What are the levels of analysis?

A

Individual, social, state, and system

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5
Q

Individual level of analysis

A

Personal traits

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6
Q

Social level of analysis

A

group identity

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7
Q

State level of analysis

A

regime types

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8
Q

System level of analysis

A

balance of power

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9
Q

What is sovereignty?

A

the supreme power of a country to make decisions regarding internal and external matters of the country which is free from any higher or external legal authority.

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10
Q

What are the four components that must be met to be a state?

A

Government, authority, defined territory, and a permanent population

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11
Q

What is a Nation?

A

More fluid concept and can transcend. Based on shared identification.

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12
Q

Nation-state

A

Ideal status. Shared same cultural identification

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13
Q

What are examples of Nation-states?

A

North Korea, Japan, Germany, Ice land

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14
Q

Anarchy

A

refers to status where no hierarchal authority is above

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15
Q

What is securitization?

A

what states engage in when a threat arises

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16
Q

What has to do with a states survival?

A

security

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17
Q

what is the security dilemma?

A

the more states invest in their own security in an anarchic world, the less secure they become

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18
Q

What is an example of a security dilemma?

A

nuclear threats

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19
Q

Who is associated with classic realism?

A

Hans Morgentheou

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20
Q

What is classic realism?

A

Dominant theory in IR studies. Policy making and research. Selfish nature of human being as state behavior. Zero- sum game.

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21
Q

Who is associated with Neo Realism?

A

Kenneth Waltz

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22
Q

What is Neo-realism?

A

Focuses not on human nature but international anarchy. Driving force being international anarchy. John Meir Shiner.

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23
Q

What is Liberalism?

A

Promote economic connection, international institutions and norms. Positive sum game. Expand state interest to collective security.

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24
Q

What is constructivism?

A

Most optimistic theory. Challenged realist perception. Argues that everything is a social construct.. Recognition of human agency (EU, UN)

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25
What does constructivism practice?
Soft and low politics
26
What types of countries are recognized by Marxism?
Poor, medium, and rich
27
What does Marxism do?
shifts attention away from human nature and international anarchy and less ideas, because they argue human ideas are the most important to classic marxism.
28
World system theory
(wallerstien) focuses on world system guided by global capitalism
29
Hard power
exercised by coercion, can force others into action. Military power
30
Soft power
exercised by attraction or persuasion. Propaganda.
31
Hugo Grocious
Father of international law
32
Immanuel Kant
Democratic peace theory (best way to secure ties)
33
Collective security (military aggression)
34
Justice in going to war
1. war must be waged by sovereign authority
35
2. just cause
36
3. peaceful means have been exhausted
37
4. war must be likely to succeed
38
Justice in conducting war
1. means should be proportionate
39
2. killing of non-combatants should be avoided
40
3. wounded troop and prisoners of war should not be killed
41
Collective security
League of nations and united nations
42
Democratic peace theory
provided basis for our security measures. Adopted after the cold war
43
What are the weapons of mass destruction?
Chemical, biological, and Nuclear
44
What are the nuclear states?
US, UK, France, Russia, and China
45
Pure Economic Index
measure of poverty based on understanding state wealth and wellbeing of a state
46
Human Development Index
A connection between state wealth and well-being can be related to political system or corruption. (Cuba)
47
Humanitarian Aid
Provides money to states. Part of foreign aid. Helps natural disasters.
48
Entitlement approach
Amartya sen
49
What are the different views of foreign aid?
Foreign aid helps perpetuate poverty and famine, international action as folly, and democratic peace theory.
50
Foreign aid helps to perpetuate poverty and famine
"can't be saved groups"/ paddock
51
International action as folly
"lifeboat" analogy/ Garret Hardin
52
What was the liberal international economic order replaced by?
New international economic order
53
Liberal international economic order
Proposed in 1960's. Standard economic reform package about market economy.
54
New international economic order
inclusive. Proposed by rich countries.
55
Washington Consensus
promotes standard reform package
56
What was the purpose of the Bretton Woods Conference?
To discuss efforts made by the international community regarding monetary and financial stability.
57
What significant agreement was created at the Bretton Woods Conference?
The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
58
What two major financial institutions were established as a result of the Bretton Woods Conference?
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank.
59
Economic Statecraft
coercive diplomacy conducted by economic means
60
Limited economic sanctions
tax raises tariff imposition
61
comprehensive sanctions
prohibits all trades
62
collectives imposition of economic sanctions
UN- led sanctions
63
Smart sanctions
target and refined sanctions

international relations (2 decks)

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