Iren Flashcards
(72 cards)
Did Romulus and Remus found the city of Rome?
Yes, according to legend, Romulus founded the city of Rome after killing his brother Remus.
What peoples inhabited the Italian Peninsula in the 1st millennium BCE?
- Greeks
- Latins
- Etruscans
- Samnites
What significant event occurred in the 8th century BCE regarding the Latins and Samnites?
A settlement was founded on Palatine Hill, surrounded by a wall, establishing a monarchy.
Who were the Etruscans and what did they do around 600 BCE?
The Etruscans invaded and turned Rome into a true city, establishing various infrastructures.
How many kings did Rome have and how many were Etruscans?
Rome had seven kings, four of whom were Etruscans.
What powers did the king of Rome possess?
- Absolute power
- Responsible for justice
- Head of the army
- Oversaw religion
What archaeological remains have been preserved from early Rome?
- Settlements before the 8th century BCE
- Wall of Romulus (8th century BCE)
- Wall of Servius Tulius (7th century BCE)
- Remains of huts (8th century BCE)
- Temple of Jupiter
- Cloaca Maxima (6th century BCE)
What is the Cloaca Maxima?
An ancient sewer system that drained the forum area and carried water to the Tiber River.
Who were Aeneas and his significance in Roman mythology?
Aeneas was a Trojan hero and demigod, considered an ancestor of the Romans.
According to Virgil, what did Jupiter prophesy about Aeneas?
Aeneas would lead a great war in Italy, establish laws and walls, and his descendants would rule for 300 years.
What was the birth story of Romulus and Remus?
They were born to Rhea Silvia, a priestess of Mars, and were fed and protected by a she-wolf.
Fill in the blank: The first settlement of Rome was founded in the ______ century BCE.
8th
True or False: The story of Romulus and Remus is historical fact.
False
What role did the Senate play in the governance of Rome?
The Senate was made up of members from aristocratic families and assisted the king.
Where was the first settlement of Rome located?
On Palatine Hill.
What event led to the establishment of the Roman Republic?
The people rebelled against the tyrannical Etruscan king Tarquin the Proud in 509 BCE.
Who were the patricians in the Roman Republic?
A minority of aristocratic landowners who made laws, were responsible for justice, and held public office.
What was the main role of the plebeians in the Roman Republic?
They were peasants, artisans, and traders with no political rights but had to pay taxes and serve in the army.
Who held all the power in the early Roman Republic?
The Senate and the people of Rome.
What does the term ‘republic’ mean in the context of Rome?
It means that power did not belong to a king, but to the Senate and the people of Rome.
What does the acronym SPQR stand for?
Senatus Populusque Romanus (the Senate and the Roman people).
What rights did the plebeians first demand?
The right to elect officials to represent their interests, known as Tribunes.
What were the three main institutions of the Roman Republic?
- The assemblies
- Magistrates
- The Senate
What was the function of the assemblies in the Roman Republic?
A group of citizens who voted on laws and chose magistrates.
