Irrigation Flashcards
(85 cards)
1
Q
Half circle represents
A
Arc
2
Q
Degrees represents
A
Trajectory
3
Q
gpm represents
A
Flow
4
Q
Feet represents
A
Radius
5
Q
psi represents
A
Pressure
6
Q
What is a check valve at the base of the sprinkler for
A
Top stop low end seep
7
Q
What is the best sprinkler placement in a turf area
A
Head to head
8
Q
Which sprinkler is harder to maintain
A
Rotors
9
Q
What sprinkler has both radius and arc adjustments in the cap
A
Rotors
10
Q
What sprinkler is the most inexpensive
A
Spray
11
Q
What sprinkler needs a filter before the nozzle
A
Spray
12
Q
What sprinkler has wiper seal that cleans the post as the sprinkler goes up
A
Spray
13
Q
What sprinkler have lower PR
A
Rotors
14
Q
What are three common manual valves
A
Gate, Ball and Butterfly
15
Q
What is the formula for precipitation rate for square placement
A
PR=96.3gpm/(SL)
16
Q
What is the formula for precipitation rate for triangle placement
A
PR= 96.3gpm/((S(L*.866))
17
Q
What is the formula for precipitation rate for circles square spacing
A
PR= 96.3gpm/SL * 360/arc
18
Q
What system, used in agriculture, uses aluminum pipe
A
Agricultural spray heads
19
Q
What system uses mini spray heads
A
Micro irrigation systems
20
Q
What system is the hardest to troubleshoot
A
VIH Systems
21
Q
What BFPD is attached to the hose bib
A
HCVB
22
Q
What system allows for individual head control
A
VIH System
23
Q
What BFPD has 2 staggering check valves
A
Double check
24
Q
What BFPD has reduced pressure between 2 check valves
A
RPVB
25
What BFPD has to be installed above the highest sprinkler
AVB, PVB
26
What is added to sprinklers that are used for sports fields
A rubber cap
27
A PVC pipe with an SDR rating of 21 has thicker wall than PVC pipe with an SDR rating of 11
No
28
When would driptubing be the most effective form of micro-irrigation
For a row of young trees, all the same species, in a nursery
29
What could be done to fix a problem where all the sprinklers in one zone are misting
Add a pressure regulator
30
In which area of an irrigation system will a pressure regulator provide the most consistency
PRS Sprinklers
31
What does the C on the terminal strip of a controller mean
Attach the common wire here
32
The filter that will take silt and clay out of the water is called
Sand separator
33
The maximum operating pressure of a PVC 1" 1120 Class 315 SDR 26 is
315psi
34
What is the best type of irrigation device to use in a small perennial bed with plant material of different water requirements
Point source emitters
35
Which filters are self-flushing
Disk and Sand media filter
36
In a design how would you correct the problem of too much pressure loss in a zone to run a system
Increase the pipe size
37
What is the problem associated with electric irrigation valve that will not shut off
A solenoid plunger that is stuck open
38
How is pressure relieved off the upper chamber in a electric control valve
Through the bypass port
39
Transformers in residential controllers transform power from 120v to
24 volts
40
These parts: bonnet, plunger, diaphragm, spring are found in
An electric control valve
41
According to the CNLA landscape standard what gauge of wires is used for light commercial residential irrigation systems
12 - 18 gauge
42
When selecting pipe for irrigation what is used to determine the size of pipe
Flow and velocity
43
Extra components that can be added to a micro irrigation zone are
Filters and pressure regulation
44
What is infiltration
The rate at which water enters the soil profile. Usually described in inches/hour or mm/hour
45
What is percolation
The process of water moving through the soil profile
46
Does water percolate more vertically in sand or clay soil
Sand
47
In a clay soil would you choose a drip system with emitters closer together or further apart compared to a sand soil?
Further apart. Closer together for clay soils
48
What is ET
Evapotranspiration
49
Where is water available to the plant, and between what storage terms
In soil pores between field capacity and permanent wilting point
50
What is Plant Available Water
The amount of water available to the plant
51
What is MAD and what is the default %
Management Allowable Depletion, 50%
52
What is the MAD % for potatoes and tomatoes
40%
53
How do you determine how long to set your controller in any single day?
RT = (ETl (Plant water requirement) x 60)/ PR (Percolation rate)
54
How are catch cans placed for an audit
A grid pattern
55
How long do you run an audit of spray heads and rotor heads
3-6mins for spray heads and 10-15mins for rotors
56
How do you calculate distribution uniformity?
Du= average of lower quarter/average of total volume
57
What is a good reading on a solenoid?
Between 20-60 Ohm
58
When blowing out a residential system with a source psi of 50 what should the compressor be set at?
80psi
59
What pump needs to be primed
Centrifugal
60
What type of pump is often used in shallow water
Submersible
61
What type pump has a motor underwater
Vertical turbine
62
What is a VFD used for
Allows pumps to be ramped down and ran at frequency and voltage that meets the requirements of motors load
63
What type of pump is installed in a wet well because the line shaft has to be vertical?
Vertical Turbine
64
What is the ideal way to layout sprinklers in an irrigation design?
Head to head
65
What is the constant for TDH calculations
2.31 ft/psi
66
TDH stands for
Total Dynamic Head
67
What is multiplied by 2.31 in TDH calculations
Friction Loss and Sprinkler psi
68
If the sprinklers are below the pump station do you add or subtract elevation and why
Subtract, because you gain pressure travelling down hill.
69
What is part of a spring startup
Adjust sprinklers Pressure check BFPDPlug in controller Charge battery in controller
70
What would indicate a pipe was broken?
Wet spots/puddles, low pressure, heads not coming up.
71
What causes a pipe to break?
Frost cracking, freezing. Shovels. Very high pressures.
72
What are the 3 groups of problems that can occur in an irrigation system?
Mechanical, electrical, hydraulic.
73
When dealing with electrical problems, What 3 areas should be checked?
Controllers, valves - solenoid, Field wires.
74
When checking the controller where should you set your voltmeter?
VAC - high end
75
When checking a solenoid where should you set your voltmeter?
OHM - low end
76
What is a good reading on a solenoid?
Between 20-60 Ohm
77
What voltage does a controller run off?
30vh
78
Transforms from what to what?
120vh - 24-30vh
79
When blowing out a residential system with a source psi of 50 what should the compressor be set at?
80psi
80
Why is water conservation important in irrigation?
Because water is a precious resource and expensive resource
81
What ways are the industry working to conserve water?
Technology, education, audits/maintenance, certification, and legislation
82
What ways are the designers, contractors working to conserve water?
Using and designing with the most efficient technology, no overspray, ensuring head to head coverage and matched precipitation rates.
83
What happens to a sprinkler system if the inlet port in the valve is plugged
The sprinklers will not shut off
84
What type of information do you need to calculate the system run time?
Plant water requirements, sprinkler performance, soil water holding
85
How long should you run the sprinklers when auditing a spray head zone
Until you get water in the catchcan averaging 1 1/2 time the catchcan throat area
