IScience - Chapter 5 Test

Question 1

A ball stuck in a tree has ___ energy.

Answer 1

Potential

Question 2

In every energy transformation, some energy is always “transformed” as ___ energy.

Answer 2

Thermal

Question 3

In a nuclear power plant, nuclear energy is first changed to ___ energy.

Answer 3

Thermal

Question 4

___ is a fossil fuel.

Answer 4

Oil, coal, or natural gas

Question 5

___ is a renewable resource.

Answer 5

Water, sun, wind, biomass, or geothermal energy.

Question 6

A bus engine transfers chemical potential energy into ___ so that the bus moves.

Answer 6

Kinetic energy

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an example of a change caused by energy?
A) Fireworks exploding
B) Rock sitting in the middle of the yard
C) Flower blooming
D) Hammer striking a nail

Answer 7

B) Rock sitting in the middle of the yard

Question 8

In a fireworks display, energy is released in __.

Answer 8

Light, sound, and heat

Question 9

Work depends on ___.

Answer 9

Both force and distance

Question 10

A microwave oven uses ___ energy to heat food.

Answer 10

Radiant

Question 11

When energy changes from one form to another, it is called energy ___.

Answer 11

Transformations

Question 12

Hydroelectric power uses ___ as a renewable energy source.

Answer 12

Moving water

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a biomass material?
A) Wood
B) Dried peat moss
C) Oil
D) Manure

Answer 13

C) Oil

Question 14

What is the most common source of energy in the United States?

Answer 14

Coal

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a way to conserve energy?
A) Driving to the neighbor's house
B) Riding your bike to school
C) Turning off the light in a room
D) Taking a shorter shower

Answer 15

A) Driving to your neighbor’s house

Question 16

Chemical energy from coal

Answer 16

Electric energy

Question 17

Radioactive nuclei

Answer 17

Nuclear energy

Question 18

Potential energy in dams

Answer 18

Hydroelectric energy

Question 19

Kinetic energy from wind

Answer 19

Wind energy

Question 20

Radiant energy from the sun

Answer 20

Solar energy

Question 21

Explain the process of how petroleum is formed. Why does this process make it necessary to find alternatives to fossil fuels?

Answer 21

Microscopic ancient organisms die.
They are covered by rock and sediment.
Pressure changes them into petroleum.

We need to find an alternative to fossil fuels, because they take millions of years to form and we are using them up faster than they can be created.

Question 22

When coasting while roller skating, you eventually stop. Why?

Answer 22

Friction between the shoes and ground slows the skater until they come to a full stop.

Question 23

Greatest gravitational potential energy

Answer 23

Far from ground

Question 24

Least gravitational potential energy

Answer 24

Close to ground

Question 25

A dump trick, sports car, and bicycle are traveling at the same velocity. Arrange them from LEAST to MOST KE.

Answer 25

Bicycle, sports car, dump truck Objects with greater mass have greater kinetic energy.

Question 26

3 types of potential energy

Answer 26

Gravitational, chemical, elastic

Question 27

Name 1 renewable and one nonrenewable energy source. Explain one advantage and disadvantage to each.

Answer 27

Example: ``` Coal = Nonrenewable. Advantage = Easy to convert into electric energy Disadvantage = Pollutes the environment ``` ``` Sun = Renewable Advantage = Doesn't hurt the environment Disadvantage = Doesn't provide alot of energy ```

Question 28

Explain the process of global warming.

Answer 28

Carbon dioxide is released into the environment. | Carbon dioxide heats the atmosphere and melts the ice at the poles.