Islam 1 ~ Major Division And Interpretations

Question 1

How did the split between Muslims begin?

Answer 1

~ Muhammad died with no successor.
~ Sunni Muslims thought Abu Bakr should become the first khalifah
~ Shi’ah Muslims thought Ali (Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law) should’ve been first

Question 2

Who did Abu Bakr nominate to be the next khalifah after himself?

Answer 2

~ Umar.
~ Sunni agreed
~ Shi’ah disagreed

Question 3

Who was the 3rd khalifah?

Answer 3

~ Uthman, who was killed by Egyptian Muslims
~ Sunni agreed
~ Shi’ah disagreed

Question 4

Who was the 4th khalifah?

Answer 4

~ Ali
~ Sunni disagree
~ Shi’ah agreed and called him the 1st khalifah

Question 5

How did Ali die?

Answer 5

He moved his headquarters to Iraq and was assassinated there in 661CE

Question 6

Who did Shi’ah Muslims think should be the 2nd khalifah after Ali?

Answer 6

Hasan

Question 7

Who was the 3rd Shi’ah khalifah, after Hasan?

Answer 7

Husayn

Question 8

Instead of Ali, who did Sunni Muslims make khalifah?

Answer 8

Mu’awiya, one of Ali’s opponents,

Question 9

Who did Sunni Muslims make khalifah after Mu’awiya died?

Answer 9

His son, Yazeed

Question 10

What happened on the Battle of Karbala?

Answer 10

~ A battle between Husayn and Yazeed
~ Husayn’s baby was killed in his arms
~ Husayn was beheaded

Question 11

What % of Muslims are Sunni?

Answer 11

90%

Question 12

What% of Muslims are Shi’ah?

Answer 12

10%

Question 13

What do Sunni and Shi’ahs both believe?

Answer 13

~ The Qur’an is the exact words of God
~ The Qur’an is infallible (incapable of being wrong)
~ Main Muslim concepts, eg Tawhid, Akirah

Question 14

What do Sunni Muslims believe about muslim’s access to Allah?

Answer 14

All Muslims have equal access

Question 15

What do Shi’ah Muslims believe about muslim’s access to Allah?

Answer 15

There is hidden knowledge in the Qur’an which Muhammad revealed to Ali and only descendants of Ali know

Question 16

How many collections of hadiths do Sunni Muslims recognise?

Answer 16

6

Question 17

How many collections of hadiths do Shi’ah Muslims recognise?

Answer 17

5

Question 18

How many times do Sunni Muslims pray daily?

Answer 18

5

Question 19

How many times do Shi’ah Muslims pray daily?

Answer 19

3

Question 20

What are Dhikrs?

Answer 20

What Sufi Muslims perform to achieve a mystical experience of uniting with God

Question 21

What is Sufism?

Answer 21

Islamic mysticism

Question 22

How do Sufi Muslims worship?

Answer 22

~ Repeat religious phrases to clear the mind
~ Breathing exercises
~ Whirling dances

Question 23

How many collections of hadiths do Sunni Muslims recognise?

Answer 23

6

Question 24

How many collections of hadiths do Shi’ah Muslims recognise?

Answer 24

5

Question 25

How many times do Sunni Muslims pray daily?

Answer 25

5

Question 26

How many times do Shi'ah Muslims pray daily?

Answer 26

3

Question 27

What are Dhikrs?

Answer 27

What Sufi Muslims perform to achieve a mystical experience of uniting with God

Question 28

What is Sufism?

Answer 28

Islamic mysticism, when Muslims try to develop ways to connect and unite with Allah in their minds

Question 29

How do Sufi Muslims worship?

Answer 29

~ Repeat religious phrases to clear the mind ~ Breathing exercises ~ Whirling dances

Question 30

Who was the 1st khalifah?

Answer 30

Abu Bakr

Question 31

Why did Shi'ah Muslims believe Ali should've been the 1st khalifah?

Answer 31

He was Muhammad's cousin and Son-in-Law

Question 32

What does Khalifah mean?

Answer 32

Guardian of the Sunnah

Question 33

Why was Uthman (3rd khalifah) killed?

Answer 33

He was killed by Egyptian Muslims who felt he was a weak khalifah who hadn't ruled according to the Qur'an and Sunnah

Question 34

Why did Sunni Muslims believe Abu Bakr was the right 1st khalifah?

Answer 34

Because Muhammad intended for the khalifahs to be elected from the Qurish tribe

Question 35

When did Muhammad die?

Answer 35

June 632CE, in Medina

Question 36

Who are the Sayyed?

Answer 36

The descendents of Ali and Fatimah

Question 37

What is the 10th Muharram?

Answer 37

A traditional day of fasting before Muhammad. Sunnis remember Noah leaving the ark, and Moses being saved from Pharoah

Question 38

Name one Muslim and one non-Muslim country

Answer 38

Muslim - Saudi Arabia | Non-Muslim - England

Question 39

Describe different Muslim beliefs about the imam

Answer 39

~ Shi'ah Muslims believe that Imams are chosen by God to be the Imam ~ Shi'ah Muslims believe that Imams have a secret knowledge they can unlock from the Qur'an ~ Sunni Muslims believe anyone can be an Imam

Question 40

'Essentially all Muslims believe in the same things'

Answer 40

+ All Muslims believe the Qur'an is the exact words of God and is infallible, which is a main Islamic concept - There was a major split into Sunni and Shi'ah Muslims over a disagreement of the next Khalifah after Muhammad's death + All Muslims believe in the 5 pillars which are the basic Islamic beliefs - Sunni and Shi'ah Muslims follow Salah differently. Sunnis pray 5 times, Shi'ahs pray 3 times