Islam In west, Muslim Diaspora, Minority Fiqh Flashcards
(23 cards)
What does diaspora mean?
It refers to people who are separated either voluntary or involuntarily from their origin or ancestral land and resettled in a foreign country
What are some of the largest diasporas in the world?
South East Indians, Chinese, Mexicans
An example of involuntary mass migration
Palestinian refugees leaving their indigenous lands after the creation of Israel
When was the creation of the state of Israel?
1948
Whey is the term diaspora contested?
Because it pertains to people rather than a religion, outside of the homeland, and usually applied to national, ethnic, and language groups
The most recent and comprehensive survey implemented in Australia, in 2019 came to what conclusion?
Muslims living in the west mostly share a liberal progressive understanding of the faith based in the preference of Islamic ethics over Islamic religion
What are some ideological preferences if Muslims in the west.
Liberal, progressive, secular, traditionalist, ethical, legalist, Sufi, political, cultural, and militant
What is a liberal Muslim?
One that believes Islam aligns with human rights, civil liberties, and democracy
What is a progressive Muslim?
One that is a committed Muslim who believes in the universal nature of the Islamic tradition based on the principles of social justice
What is a secular Muslim?
One that separates their religion from public life, and considers it a matter of personal faith
What is a traditionalist Muslim?
One who follows classical rules and traditions
What is an ethical Muslim?
One who practices tradition, modesty, humility, decency, behaviour, respect for elders and persist if knowledge.prioritized ethics over Islamic laws
What is a legalist Muslim?
One who follows the rules of shariah law
What is a Sufi Muslim?
One who follows a spiritual path of their Muslim practices rather than the formal legal rules
What is a political Muslim?
One who is involved in politics and advocates for Islamic rules in western societies
What is a nominalist Muslim?
One who respects values and rules of family and traditions, but does not practice religion
What is a militant Muslim?
One who believes Islam should be in politics, and believes that rules should be imposed by force if necessary
What is minority fiqh?
A jurisprudence of Muslim minorities living in diasporas in the west
Who developed the first minority fiqh, and for what reason?
Jabir al-Alwani (born 1935) to provide legitimacy for the participation of Muslims in the American election
What is the goal of the minority fiqh?
To reconcile the rules of Islamic law with the political and social conditions of Muslims in the west, and to provide flexible answers to the problems faced by Muslims in a minority context. Ex.
(Taking in an interest based mortgage)
What is a theoretical background of minority fiqh?
The concept of maslaha - public interest, community well being, and welfare
In minority fiqh, masalah is a utilitarian concept with what purpose?
The purpose to maximize the well being of the max amount of ppl. And legitimize Muslim life in western countries by confirming that some deviations from shariah are required to reach goals of Islamic ethics.
What are the 5 goals of Islamic ethics?
- Maintaining religion
- Property
- Nurturing your soul
- Raising the offspring
- Protection of physical integrity
