Isomerism

Question 1

Structural isomers

Answer 1

Same molecular formula different structures (or structural formulae)

Question 2

What can structural isomers arise from

Answer 2

• chain isomerism
• positions isomerism
•functional group isomerism

Question 3

Functional group isomers

Answer 3

Compounds with the same molecular formula but with atoms arranged to give different functional groups

Question 4

Examples of fcuntional group isomers

Answer 4

1. Alcohols and esters
2. Aldehydes and ketones
3. Carboxylic acids and esters
4. Alkenes and cylcoalkanes

Question 5

Stereoisomerism

Answer 5

Stereoisomers have the same structural formulae but have a different spatial arrangement of atoms

Question 6

The 2 types of stereoisomerism

Answer 6

• geometrical (E-Z isomerism)
• optical isomerism

Question 7

What is a chiral carbon atom

Answer 7

A carbon atom that has 4 different groups attached to it

Question 8

Optical isomerism

Answer 8

Occurs in carbon compounds with 4 different groups of atoms attached to a carbon

Question 9

What is a mixture containing 50/50 mixture of the 2 isomers called

Answer 9

A racemate or a racemic mixture

Question 10

What are 2 compounds that are optical isomers of each other called

Answer 10

Enantiomers

Question 11

When one enantiomer rotates it in one direction..

Answer 11

The other enantiomer rotates it by the same amount in the opposite direction

Question 12

Optical isomers have the same..

Answer 12

Physical and chemical properties but they rotate plane polarised light in different directions

Question 13

A racemic mixture will not..

Answer 13

Rotate plane-polarised light