Isomers Flashcards
What are structural isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae
What are chain isomers
They have different chains of carbon atoms(eg branched or unbranched)
What are position isomers
They have different positions of the same functional group
What are functional group isomers
They have different functional groups (eg an alcohol instead of an ester or propanone and propanal)
Can molecules rotate freely around a double carbon bond and what does this lead to
No they cannot so this leads to type of stereoisomerism called cis-trans isomerism
What is a cis-trans isomer
Isomers differ in their arrangement of the groups attached to the carbons in the double bonds
What are stereoisomers
They have the same structural formula but different arrangements of atoms/groups in space with each carbon having two different substituent groups
What are E/Z isomers
Have different special arrangements of the same groups about a double carbon bond
What is a cis isomer
One in which two of the same groups both lie either above or below the double carbon bond
What is a trans isomer
When the two same groups lie on opposite sides of the double bond
What does Z mean
The priority groups both on same side of double bond, zame zide
What does E mean
Priority groups on either side of the double bond with one below and one above
How to assign priority to identify whether E/Z
-find first point of difference in the atomic number of the two groups bonded to one of the carbon atoms
-the one with the higher atomic number at the first point of difference is given priority
