Isomers

Question 1

What is a constitutional (structural) isomer?

Answer 1

Constitutional or structural isomers are 2 or more molecules with the same molecular formula ( number and type of atoms) but a different structural formula ( arrangement of atoms ) which leads to different names.

Question 2

Why is it a Primary alcohol?

Answer 2

Because the carbon atom that the functional group or atom is attached to is only attached to one other carbon atom

Question 3

Why is it a secondary alcohol?

Answer 3

Because the carbon atom that the functional group or atom is attached to is attached to 2 other carbon atoms

Question 4

Why is it a tertiary alcohol?

Answer 4

Because the carbon atom that the functional group or atom is attached to is attached to 3 other carbon atoms

Question 5

Geometric isomers are?

Answer 5

Geometric isomers are substances with the same molecular formula (number and type of atoms) but a different arrangement of atoms in space but these isomers do not have different names but are identified but cis and trans

Question 6

What is a cis and trans isomer?

Answer 6

A cis isomer is when the same atom is attached to either the bottom or top of the carbon atom but is the same as the other one and a trans isomer is when they are on opposite sides

Question 7

Ideal answer of geometric isomers

Answer 7

geometric isomers must contain a C=C double bond to prevent rotation of the attached atoms around this bond, therefore fixing the atoms’ positions in space. It must also have two different groups/atoms attached to each carbon that is involved in the double bond. The proposed structure contains a double bond between C2 and C3, and on each carbon of the double bond there are two different groups attached. In this case a CH3, methyl group and a single hydrogen atom, H