Israel Palestine Quiz Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is Zionism?
A nationalist movement among Jews aiming to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
Zionism emerged in the late 19th century in response to antisemitism and the desire for self-determination.
Define Antisemitism.
Prejudice against, hatred of, or discrimination against Jews.
Antisemitism has historical roots in various cultures and has manifested in different forms.
What is Nationalism?
A political ideology that emphasizes the interests and culture of a particular nation or group.
Nationalism often leads to the desire for self-governance and independence.
What was the Ottoman Empire?
A historical empire that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa from the 14th century until World War I.
The empire’s dissolution marked significant changes in the Middle East.
What languages are primarily associated with the Arab and Jewish populations in the Middle East?
Arabic and Hebrew.
Arabic is the predominant language of Arab nations, while Hebrew is the official language of Israel.
What is Arab Nationalism?
A nationalist ideology advocating for the unity and independence of Arab countries and peoples.
Arab nationalism gained prominence in the 20th century, particularly in response to colonialism.
What is the Arab League?
A regional organization of Arab countries in the Middle East and North Africa.
Established in 1945, its purpose is to promote economic, cultural, and political cooperation.
What was the British Mandate for Palestine?
A legal commission for the administration of Palestine by the British from 1920 to 1948.
The mandate aimed to implement the Balfour Declaration and establish a national home for the Jewish people.
What did United Nations Resolution 181 propose?
The partition of Palestine into separate Jewish and Arab states.
This proposal was accepted by Jewish leaders but rejected by Arab leaders.
What is meant by Partition in the context of Palestine?
The division of territory to create independent states for Jews and Arabs.
This concept was central to various proposals, including UN Resolution 181.
What city is significant in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?
Jerusalem.
Jerusalem holds religious and historical significance for both Jews and Arabs.
What is the two-state solution?
A proposed solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict envisioning independent states for both Israelis and Palestinians.
This solution aims to address territorial disputes and mutual recognition.
What was the Arab-Israeli War of 1948?
A conflict between the newly declared State of Israel and neighboring Arab countries following the end of the British Mandate.
The war resulted in significant territorial changes and the creation of a large Palestinian refugee population.
The 1948 Arab-Israeli War started after Israel declared independence. Arab countries invaded, but Israel won and gained more land. The war led to Palestinian displacement and ongoing conflict.
What are The Three NOs presented by the Arab League?
No peace with Israel, no recognition of Israel, and no negotiations with Israel.
This stance was a response to the establishment of Israel and the ongoing conflict.
What territory did Israel gain control of during the Six Day War in 1967?
Sinai Peninsula, West Bank, Gaza Strip, and Golan Heights.
This war significantly altered the geopolitical landscape of the region.
What was Resolution 242?
A UN resolution calling for withdrawal of Israeli armed forces from territories occupied in the Six Day War in exchange for peace.
It introduced the ‘land for peace’ policy.
What factors allowed Israel and Egypt to reach a peace agreement in 1979?
Mutual recognition, security concerns, and U.S. mediation.
The Camp David Accords were pivotal in this process.
What did Israel and Egypt compromise on in the peace agreement?
Israel withdrew from the Sinai Peninsula and Egypt recognized Israel’s right to exist.
This agreement was significant as it was the first between Israel and an Arab country.
Why did unrest and violence break out in the Palestine Mandate between 1922 and 1947?
Tensions over land, immigration, and competing national aspirations.
Economic hardship and political unrest contributed to the violence.
What promises did the British make during World War I?
Support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine and independence for Arab nations.
These conflicting promises contributed to future tensions.
Why did the British permit Jewish immigration into the British Mandate for Palestine in 1922?
To fulfill commitments made in the Balfour Declaration.
This was later limited due to Arab opposition and tensions.
How did the Peel Commission Report in 1937 affect Jewish immigration?
Recommended limiting Jewish immigration to appease Arab opposition.
This reflected the increasing tensions and violence in the region.
How was the UN proposal for partition of Palestine in 1947 different from previous mandates?
It proposed a more defined division of land into Jewish and Arab states.
The 1947 UN proposal for the partition of Palestine differed from previous mandates by suggesting the division of the territory into separate Jewish and Arab states, with Jerusalem as an international city, whereas earlier mandates under British rule had aimed to administer the territory without such a division.
Previous mandates were less specific about territorial divisions.
What led to the outbreak of the Six Day War in 1967?
Escalating tensions between Israel and neighboring Arab states, including military mobilizations.
The war resulted in significant territorial changes in the region.
