issue 5 USA Flashcards
(26 cards)
MLK
knowledge 1
Martin Luther king used nonviolent peaceful protests with traditional passions of the southern Christianity to overthrow white supremacy.
this was influenced by Ghandi as he also used non-violent peaceful protests to overthrow the British empire In India.
MLK
knowledge 2
Martin Luther king also manipulated the media, and he chose his opponents carefully so that he could show the intolerance and the racism by the whites in southern America.
Martin Luther king held a nonviolent protest in one of the most racist towns and the camera crews showed the police throwing water cannons and barking dogs chase the peaceful protesters in crowds.
MLK
analysis 1
Martin Luther King’s non-violent approach attracted many people who wanted civil rights without violence, leading thousands to join the movement.
MLK
analysis 2
martin Luther king knew that the opponents that he chose would react in a violent way and he knew that the media would broadcast this to everyone around the world.
People who were witnessing this were disgusted and horrified by the treatment of black people in America and this gain him followers in support of the civil rights movement from around the world.
MLK
counter analysis
the violent white backlash that martin Luther king relied on as part of his peaceful protests were terrifying and scared some black people and they couldn’t support the movement as they feared for their lives.
WW2
knowledge 1
A phillip randolf threatened to organise mass protests in washington in order to demand desegragation of the military and other civil jobs.
WW2
analysis 1
executive order 88022 was passed which desegragated the military.
WW2
knowledge 2
the double V campaign established by CORE which standed for “Victory Abroad and Victory at Home” motivated black servicemen fighting in WW2, to continue fighting for their civil rights back home.
WW2
counter analysis
returning black servicemen still faced fatal attacks in southern states in 1946.
WW2
evalutation
Hugh Brogan - “wartime service made Black Americans more conscious of their strength, and the need for united action.”
NAACP membership increase to 450k by the end of WW2
prejudice and racism
knowledge 1
the great migration led to southern black americans migrating to northern states for greater economic job oppurtunites.
for example chicagos black population increased from 250k (1940) to half a million in 1950.
prejudice and racism
analysis 1
increased competition for housing and jobs
caused racial tensions to worsen which paved the way for ( essay question )
resentment over black involvement in local elections
prejudice and racism
knowledge 2
the case of emmett till.
prejudice and racism
evaluation
After 1945, northern state black communities developed increased solidarity and black consciousness, feeling safer in numbers and less willing to accept discrimination.
national museum of african american history and culture - “tills murder reverberated a need for change”
prejudice and racism
analysis 2
gained lots of attention and media coverage - motivation to fight .
black organisations
knowledge 1
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
formed in 1942 by white and black pacifists and advocated racial equality by using non violent tactics such as economic boycotts and sit ins.
black organisations
knowledge 2
African Americans realized that waiting for federal government action would be slow. By the 1940s, the NAACP became more active and worked with other groups in a civil rights coalition, achieving a major victory with the 1954 Supreme Court’s Brown v. Board of Education ruling, which desegregated schools.
black organisations
analysis 2
The civil rights movement grew due by challening segragation through court and legal means
these victories motivated the African American community.
Led to more legislative successes.
black organisations
counter analysis
CORE’s success is limited as it can be argued that the Freedom Rides 1961 were more succesful in desegragating public transport.
The Freedom Rides in 1961 involved interracial groups traveling on buses through the United States to challenge and test the enforcement of Supreme Court rulings that banned segregation in interstate travel.
These rides brought national attention to the civil rights struggle, faced violent opposition, and led to federal enforcement of desegregation laws in public transportation.
black organisations
evaluation
historians debate importance.
mark newman - “SCLC assisted rather than inititated” many of the protests in the 1950s and 1960s”
Credit should go to the many participants, not just one organization.
black leaders
knowledge 1
Rosa Parks sat in a white only section on a bus and refused to give up her seat on the bus in Alabama. -> got arrested.
This led to to the Montgomery bus boycott which black people didn’t get on buses for whole a year, this then led to the desegregation of buses.
black leaders
analysis 1
Rosa parks actions it proved that anyone could start the growth for the civil rights movement.
People saw if an ordinary could stand up and achieve success then anyone could do it so people joined the movement so they could make a change.
black leaders
knowledge 2
A Philip Randolph was the the first black leader to increase black confidence, civil rights militancy and black economic opportunities by helping end white trade union discrimination against black Americans within trade unions.
black leaders
analysis 2
motivated black people to join the civil rights movement as a result of his success of improving black opportunities.
