Issues and debates Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is alpha bias
Exagerating differences between men and women
What is Androcentrism
Centred or focused on men, often to the neglect or exclusion of women
What is beta bias
Ignore or minimise differences between men and women
What is gender bias
The differential treatment or representation of men and women based on steriotypes rather then real differences
What is universality
the aim to develop theories that apply to all people, which may include real differences
What is the evaluation point Reverse alpha bias
One strategy to counter gender bias is to develop theories which show the differences between men and women but that emphasise the value of women
What is an evaluation point on avoiding beta bias
Equal treatment for men and women has given women a greater opportunities, but this may be a disadvanrage
What is cultural bias
TO judge poeple in terms of your own cultural assumptions
What is cultural relativism
Behaviour cannot be judged properly unless it’s viewed in the contet of culture in which it originates
What is Ethnocentrism
Seeing things from the point of view of ourselves and our social group
What type of bias is Ethnocentrism
alpha bias
Why is Ethnocentrism alpha bias
ones own culture is considered to be differnet and better
How can Ethnocentrism lead to beta bias
is psychologists believe the world view is the only view
What type of bias can cultural relativism lead to
Alpha bias
How can cultural relativism lead to alpha bias
where the assumption of real differences leads psychologists to overlook universals
Explain cultural relativism and using beta bias
Cultural relativism is often discussed in the context of defining mental disorders
What are the 4 different types of determinism
- Biological determinism
- Environmental determinism
- Psychic determinism
- Scientific determinism
what is determinism
Behaviour is controlled by external or internal factors acrting upon the individual
What is free will
Each individual has the power to make choices about thier behaviour
What is hard determinism
The view that all behaviour can be predicted and there is no free will
What is soft determinism
A version of determinism that allows for some element of free will
What are the 4 different ways of explaining determinism
- Biological determinism
- Environmental determinism
- Psychic Determinism
- Scientific determinism
What is biological determinism
That genes have an influence on behaviour, intelligence, hormones
How do genes affect hormones
They influence brain structure and neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine
