IT 1.1-1.4

Question 1

What is ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

Answer 1

Preforms the mathematics and logics checks

Question 2

What is CU (Control Unit)

Answer 2

Directs the operation of the processor

Question 3

What it is Cache?

Answer 3

stores instructions or data which saves CPU time

Question 4

What is the unit for hertz?

Answer 4

Hz

Question 5

What is clock speed?

Answer 5

How many Fetch Decode Execute cycles (instruction) can be execute per second measure in Hertz.

Question 6

What is MAR (Memory Address Register)

Answer 6

Stores the memory address from which data will be
fetched to the CPU

Question 7

What is MDR (Memory Data Register)

Answer 7

Holds data that is being transferred to or from memory.

Question 8

What is Solid State?

Answer 8

stored on flash chips

Question 9

What is an embedded system?

Answer 9

a mini-computer that performs a task within a larger device

Question 10

Give some examples for embedded systems

Answer 10

microwaves fridges dishwashers

Question 11

Give Solid State examples.

Answer 11

Examples: USB Flash Drive Solid State Drive.

Question 12

How do computers store binary?

Answer 12

1s and 0s

Question 13

How are images stored?

Answer 13

in small blocks called pixels.

Question 14

What is resolution?

Answer 14

Resolution is the number of pixels in the image

Question 15

what is meant by Lossy?

Answer 15

Makes the file size smaller but loses some of the quality (data)

Question 16

What is meant by Lossless?

Answer 16

Makes the file size small and doesn’t lose quality (Compresses less data than lossy)

Question 17

What is WAP (Wireless Access Point)

Answer 17

A device that a Wireless NIC can use to connect to a network.

Question 18

What is NIC (Network Interface Card)

Answer 18

A device in a computer that allows it to connect to a network.

Question 19

What is a Switch?

Answer 19

Connects computer together to form a network.

Question 20

What is a Router?

Answer 20

Same as a switch but also connects networks to each other.

Question 21

What is DNS?

Answer 21

Domain Name Services turn the name of the website www.bbc.co.uk into the IP address required to access it.

Question 22

What is STAR?

Answer 22

All devices connect to central server or switch.

Question 23

What is Bandwidth?

Answer 23

This is the amount of data that can be transmitted over a given amount of time.

Question 24

What is WAN

Answer 24

Network covering more than one location. Uses hardware owned by someone else e.g. BT, Government.

Question 25

What is LAN?

Answer 25

Located in one geographical location. You own all the hardware involved.

Question 26

What is TCP/IP?

Answer 26

Enables communication over the internet

Question 27

What is HTTP?

Answer 27

Governs communication between a webserver and a client. Used to send web pages.

Question 28

What is POP?

Answer 28

Govern retrieving emails from email servers. POP actually downloads the emails to the computer.

Question 29

What is HTTPS?

Answer 29

Same as HTTP but it adds a layer of security/ authentication.

Question 30

What is Interference?

Answer 30

Walls and radio signals can interfere with wireless signal strength slowing down the connection.

Question 31

What is Ethernet?

Answer 31

Uses twisted copper cables to send data.

Question 32

What does RAM stand for?

Answer 32

Random Access Memory

Question 33

What is Fibre Optic?

Answer 33

Data sent as light through glass or plastic cables.

Question 34

What is the calculation for sound?

Answer 34

Sample Rate (Hz) x Bit Depth (bits) x Length (sec)

Question 35

What is the calculation for Image?

Answer 35

Colour Depth (bits) x Height (pixels) x Width (pixels)

Question 36

What is the calculation for Text?

Answer 36

Bits per character (bits) x Number of Characters

Question 37

What is compression?

Answer 37

Reducing the size of a file by using an algorithm

Question 38

What is the brute force attack?

Answer 38

a very simple attack where you try to crack a password just by trying every combination of letters symbols and numbers

Question 39

What is Bit Depth?

Answer 39

This is how accurate the samples are. By allocating more bits to the samples we allow more options.

Question 40

What is computer phishing?

Answer 40

sending a message to a person to get them to reveal information

Question 41

What is email phishing?

Answer 41

it Tries to get you to click a link to get you to enter information in a form which they will get.

Question 42

What are disadvantages of Fire Optic?

Answer 42

Expensive Needs building work

Question 43

What are advantages of Fire Optic?

Answer 43

Ultra Fast Works over long distance

Question 44

What unit is sample rate measured in? a) Bits per second (bps) b) Hertz (Hz) c) Megabits per second (Mbps)

Answer 44

B