It Matters! Flashcards
(47 cards)
Liquid
A phase of matter. It occurs at a higher temperature than solids and a lower temperature than gases. Liquids take the shape of the container they’re in. They have a fixed volume.
Solid
A phase of matter. It occurs at the lowest temperatures and is characterized by a held shape and fixed volume.
Gas
A phase of matter. It occurs at higher temperatures than liquids and lower temperatures than plasmas. Gases take the shape of their container and fill up the volume of the container they’re in.
Plasma
A phase of matter, which occurs at extremely high temperatures. Similar to a gas, but made up of free electrons and ions of an element: the electrons are stripped from their parent atom.
Structure of the Atom
Nucleus in center that contains protons and neutrons. Electrons orbit around atom in probability clouds called orbitals.
Behavior of Atoms in: Solids, Liquids, Gases, Plasmas
Solid: atoms are fixed in place
Liquid: atoms can move but are still connected to each other
Gases and Plasmas: Atoms can move freely and independently of each other.
Heterogeneous
A combination of substances that do not have uniform composition and properties.
Homogenous
A mixture where the components are uniformly distributed.
Elements
Atoms. The building blocks of the universe.
Compounds
The chemical combination of two or more elements.
Mixtures
The non-chemical combination of two or more elements or compounds.
Colloid Mixture
A mixture where microscopically dispersed insoluble particles are suspended throughout another substance. Does not settle/takes a very long time to settle.
Suspension Mixture
A heterogeneous mixture with solid particles (larger than one μm) dispersed via mechanical agitation. They eventually settle.
Solution Mixture
A homogenous mixture consisting of only one phase. A solute is dissolved in a solvent. The concentration is a measure of the amount of solute compared to solvent.
Magnetism
A property of matter. When placed in a magnetic field, matter is either paramagnetic (attracted) or diamagnetic (repulsed).
Conductivity
A measure of how well a material conducts heat and electricity.
Flexibility
The ability of a material to bend without breaking and to return to its original shape or size.
Hardness
The ability of a material to withstand scratches.
Ductility
The ability of a metal to deform without breaking or fracturing.
Malleability
The ability of a metal to be hammered, forged, pressed, or rolled into thin sheets.
Luster
How shiny a substance is
Opacity
How well a substance can be seen through.
Strength
The measure of how well a substance handles stresses and strains
Viscosity
Specific to fluids, a measure of its resistance to deformation by shear or tensile stress (such as gravity)
