Italian Diction Flashcards

Question

[g]

Answer 1

fuga, fuggo

Answer 2

seco, secco

Answer 3

caro (flipped)

Answer 4

carta (not flipped)

Answer 5

pane, panna

Answer 6

ama, mamma

Answer 7

fianco, languire

Answer 8

gnocchi, agnello

Answer 9

represents [a] - cara, amara = [a]

Answer 10

represents [e] - vero, segreto | [ɛ] - prego, estremo

Answer 11

represents [i] - gigli, infinito [j] - pieta, fiato [silent] after c, g, sc or when preceding another vowel. Bacio, lasciare, giovanni [silent] after 'gl' when preceding another vowel. Figlio, scegliere

Answer 12

represents [o] -voce, sonno | [ɔ] - sposa, donna

Answer 13

represents [u] - tuo, futuro | [w] - tuoi, guerra

Answer 14

p16-18 in Adams Book - [ae] aere, paese, maestà [ai] mai, aita, ahimè [ao] Paolo, faraone, Paolino [au] Aura, causa, aurora, [ea] open, first vowel syllabic - idea, rea [ea] closed second vowel syllabic- beato, teatro, [ea] unstressed- realtà [ei] open, first vowel syllabic- lei, vorrei, [ei] closed second vowel syllabic -veicolo, bey [ei] unstressed deità [eo] open - trofeo, orfeo [eo] closed - leone, [eo] unstressed - leonora [eu] open - feudi, neutro [eu] closed - N/A [eu] unstressed, closed - euridice [ia] closed - mia, osteria, dialogo, diamante [ia] glide - pianto, piacere, [ie] closed - mie, gallerie, [ie] open - bienne, [ie] glide - fiero (open), pietà (closed) [io] closed - mio, addio, rione, [io] glide - azione, fiorito [iu] (no 1st vowel) closed - liuto, [iu] glide - fume, chiudete, riunione [oa] first vowel open - boa, [oa] second vowel closed - soave, cloaca, [oa] unstressed - soavità [oe] first vowel - eroe [e'rɔ:e] [oe] second vowel - poeta [po'ɛ:ta], poesia [poe'zi:a] [oi] voi [vo:i], poi [pɔ:i], gioire [dʒo'i:ɾe], ohimè [oi'mɛ] [ou] DOES NOT EXIST [ua] glides - uguale, guanciale, [ua] not glides - tua, sua, ingenua(unstressed) [ue] glides - guerra, guerriero, [ue] not glides - tue, sue, bue, cruente, assidue, [ui] glides guisa, guidare, [ui] not glides lui, altrui, ruina, luigi, [uo] glides -buono, fuorché [uo] not glides - tuo, suo, ingenuo,

Answer 15

When the diphthong occurs in the stressed syllable one vowel sound is longer than the other and that sound is called 'syllabic'. Which vowel is longer. First or Second?!

Answer 16

First Vowel Syllabic [i] (-ia, -ie, io ) sia, mie, Dio First Vowel Syllabic [u] (-ua, -ue, -ui, -uo) (sua, due, cui, tuo) First Vowel Syllabic Dipthongs ending in i (-ai, -ei, -oi, -ui) (mai, lei, voi, lui) First Vowel Syllabic [au] (aula, aura, aumento, esaurito)

Answer 17

Consonant Cluster - LMNR, syllable will divide after the first consonant in a cluster if first letter is LMNR. (And maybe s)

Answer 18

sci - lasciare sce - pesce gn - sogno, maligno (double ɲ) gli - figlio, periglio (double ʎ) Almost all other cases are two letter clusters ending in r. The entire cluster belongs with vowel that follows it. Doesn't divide: a'prire, ve'tro, bl - o'blio

Answer 19

-Most words have penultimate stress -If final syllable/vowel has accent, the final syllable takes stress. -p38 for final stressed dipthong list. -large minority of words take the antepenultimate syllable p14 for examples: 'anima some word endings result in this antepenultimate pattern -abile, ible, evole, esimo, issimo, udine, logo -fourth to last syllable stress is rare but possible in third person plural of -are verbs ('merita).... p14 is better.

Answer 20

- If first vowel letter is 'i', after c or g, (ciao), the 'i' is silent and the result is a dipthong. Otherwise, either the first or second vowel letter must be a glide. - If first vowel letter is a glide, all three vowels are in the same syllable, five common words are: tuoi (ɔ), puoi, vuoi, suoi, miei. Less common: quei, guai, - If second vowel letter is glide (only with j glide), tripthong separates into two syllables: they divide before the glide.: paio, buio, aiuto. - Four successive vowel letters in a word result in one of two options: 1. Glide, vowel, glide, vowel : muoio ['mwɔ:jo] 2. Softening i, vowel, glide, vowel: gioia ['dʒɔ:ja] * ** four successive vowels always separate over two syllables. ***

Answer 21

1. Assuming all unstressed e's and o's are closed 2. Monosyllables - excluding dipthongs - generally closed (e, me, che, con, non, contractions: men, del, cor) Exceptions: All amended by things around them: tè, piè, deh, est, Ciò, no, (accents or endings of word consonants). 3. Vo words - look it up. 4. Polysyllabic words and STRESSED syllables - final stressed /e/ is usually closed. - all combos ending in chè: perchè, poichè, finchè - Exceptions: caffè, ahimè, ohimè, moisè 5. Polysyllabic words - penultimate stressed open syllable i/o. -closed e - vedete p68 -open ɛ -mistero p68 - closed o -amore, dolore p69 -open ɔ -coro, ristoro p69 6. Simple Words - Two syllables p70 -open ɛ - gelo, grede -closed e - cena, lega - open ɔ - cosa, globo -closed o- coda, dove 7. Stressed e's o's - open or closed: - Polysyllabic with penultimate stress - when e/o precede combinations -gn, -gli, -sce, -sci the syllable is technically open, but the vowel sounds are short. (degno [deɲɲo], egli [eʎʎi], foglia [fɔʎʎa], rovescio [rɔvɛʃʃo], - stressed e/o followed by another vowel results in open (dea, ebreo, romeo, boa) 8. Common pattern: stressed e or o followed by adjacent vowels in the following syllable almost always result in open. Usually involves a glide. (commedia, antonio) 9. Endings: -ente - open /ɛ/ dolente -enza - open /ɛ/ partenza -mento - closed /e/ tormento, -mente 10. Stressed er + consonant = almost always open, certa 11. Stressed es + consonant = usually open, festa 12. Stressed ol + consonant = usually closed, dolce 13. Stressed om + consonant = usually closed, ombra 14. Stressed on + consonant = usually closed, alfonso 15. Stressed or + consonant = goes both ways; look up 16. Stressed os + consonant = usually open, bosco, costa

Answer 22

amore - Flipped R - [ɾ]; never rolled

Answer 23

-pronounced as double - [ddz] (voiced) or [tts] (unvoiced) -part of a cluster is single [ts] [dz] -intervocalic z, followed by i, acting as glide, unvoiced [ts] (nazione, grazia, polizia) -not followed by i is voiced. (Suzuki, Donizetti) [dz] -z begins word is often voiced - (zero, zerlina) [dz] sometimes not (zitto, zucchero [ts] -most of the time z following n is unvoiced (senza, stanza, costanza [ts]) -z follows L - unvoiced - calza [ts] -follows R - unvoiced - forza [ts], Except: orzo [dz] p26

Answer 24

- each have soft and hard sound - hard sound occurs when followed by a, o u, or consonant. (canto, come, gatto, gusto, vago) - soft sound occurs [tʃ] OR [dʒ], when followed by i, or e. (città, giro, duce, gente) - In case of 'i' important to know if it functions as follow or to soften C or G. If "i" is followed by another vowel it will be silent (cielo, gioco). - soft C and G are doubled, first sound is prolonged. Eccelente, faccio, leggeiro (lengthen the hold) - h silent, hardens sound of C, G p29

Answer 25

Is always silent biatches. | Ends up hardening sounds of C and G

Answer 26

Hard or Soft, (aren't they all...... hehehe) -h hardens sch. [sk] -always followed by i or e in order to be ʃ (fresco [k] vs lascia [ʃ])

Answer 27

always results in ɲ (ɲ always like Spanish - ñ)

Answer 28

makes same sound as 'valient' [ʎ]

Answer 29

Will always be doubled: [ʎʎ] unless it starts the word. Gli [ʎi] vs. Figli ['fiʎʎi]

Answer 30

rare - but is slightly pronounced. | Psicologia - [psikolo'dʒia]

Answer 31

Always [kw]

Answer 32

- stop or continuing - airflow | - voiced or unvoiced -

Answer 33

LMNR - don't double

Italian Diction Flashcards

(59 cards)