Italy - Northern Italy Flashcards
(104 cards)
1
Q
Northern Italy Regions NW-SE-NW
A
- Valle D’Aosta
- Lombardy
- Trentino-Alto Adige
- Fruili venezia Guilia
- Veneto
- Emilia - Romagna
- Liguria
- Piedmont
2
Q
What does Piedmont mean?
A
at the foot of the mountains
3
Q
What is the capital of Piedmont?
A
Turin
4
Q
What was Piedmont called before it was incorporated into the Italian unification? When did this happen?
A
Sardinia-Piemonte
1861
5
Q
How many DOC/DOCGs in Piedmont?
A
18 DOCG
41 DOC
6
Q
Climate of Piedmont?
A
Continental
7
Q
Key feature that protects Piedmont from certain weather?
A
Rain Shadow of the Alps
8
Q
Where are most of Piedmonts vineyards?
A
South of Po
9
Q
Soil type of Piedmont
A
Calcareous Marl - Clay based that adds acidity to wine -Delays ripening Sandstone -Less drainage -Ideal for more structure and bolder wines
10
Q
What hills lie beneath the Po River?
A
Langhe and Monferrato
11
Q
Main Red Grapes of Piedmont
A
Nebbiolo
Barbera
Dolcetto
12
Q
Where does Nebbiolo get its name from?
A
“La Nebbia” meaning morning Fog
13
Q
Description of Dolcetto
A
"Little Sweet One" Tannic Low acid Fruity Meant for youthful consumption Earliest to ripe
14
Q
Description of Barbera
A
High acid Lively grape Animated and vigorous Low tannin Dark color but light body Enjoy young
15
Q
Description of Nebbiolo
A
Delicate aromas Bold tannin Light body High acid Medium fruit
16
Q
White grapes of Piedmont
A
Moscato Bianco Cortese Chardonnay Arnies Erbaluce
17
Q
Another name for Moscato Bianco
A
Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains
18
Q
Piedmont Provinces
A
Alessandria Asti Biella Cuneo Novara Torino Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Vercelli
2A
1BCNT
2V
19
Q
Which province are Barolo and Barbaresco located in?
A
Cuneo Province
20
Q
Which river is next to Barbaresco and Barolo?
A
Tanaro
21
Q
What are the main grapes of Babaresco and Barolo?
A
Nebbiolo
22
Q
Which wine is known as the Wine of Kings?
A
Barolo
23
Q
Which wine is known as the Wine of Queens?
A
Barbaresc
24
Q
Aging requirements for Barolo
A
Barolo - 38 months 18 months oak or chestnut Barolo Riserva - 62 months 18 months oak Both from November 1 harvest Barolo released fourth year following grape harvest after January 1st Riserve 6th year
25
Aging requirements for Barbaresco
Barbaresco - 26 months
9 months in wood
Released after January 1st of the third year following the harvest
Barbaresco Riserva - 50 months
9 months in wood
May be released after January 1st of the fifth year following the harvest
Both must be aged from November 1st of the harvest year
26
Where must the origin of grapes used to produced Barbaresco wine must be from?
Neive
Treiso
Barbaresco
San Rocco Seno d'Elvio - part of Alba
27
Max elevation and min alcohol level for Barbaresco
550m (1800ft)
| 12% with vineyard specific 12.5%
28
Min and Max elevation for Barolo
| Min alcohol
170m and 540m
12.5%
13% for vineyard specific
29
Grapes of Roero
Arneis
| Nebbiolo
30
Aging requirements for Roero wines
```
Bianco:
4 months
B Riserva:
16 months
Rosso:
20m 6 barrel
Riserva Rosso:
32m 6 barrel
```
31
Soil of Piedmont
Limestone and Sandstone
32
Where are the best vineyards in Barolo and Barbaresco?
Southern facing Hillsides with optimal exposure
33
When did Barbera d'Asti become a DOCG?
2008
34
What grape is used in Barbera d'Asti DOCG?
Barbera 90%
Freisa, Grignolino, or Dolcetto other
35
Where is Barbera d'asti located?
Monferrato hills east of Langhe
36
Barbera d'AstiDOC/DOCG status history
1970-DOC
2008-DOCG along with Superiore
2014-Nizza DOCG added
37
Which 2 regions must Barbera d'Asti DOCG Superiore must be made? Which is the "3rd" that was made a DOCG?
- Nizza***
- Tinella
- Colli Astiani
38
Minimum elevation for Barbera d'Asti?
650m
39
Minimum alcohol for Barbera d'Asti?
12% d'Asti
12.5% d'Asti with "Vigna" + Superiore
13% Superiore with subzone
40
Aging requirement for Barbara d'Asti DOCG?
4 months
| Oak Permitted
41
Aging requirement for Barbara d'Asti Superiore DOCG?
14 Months
| 6 Months cask
42
Aging requirement for Barbara d'Asti Superiore DOCG Subzones? Nizza DOCG?
`18 months - 6 months cask Nizza
24 months - 6 months bottle & 6 Months barrel
Colli Astiani/Tinella
43
History of Barbera del Monferrato
```
1970 DOC was established
2008 Superiore DOCG was established
14 months aged 6 months cask
Nov. 1 harvest
85% Barbera to 15% blend of Dolcetto, Friesa or Grignolino
11.5% ALC | 12% vigna | 13% superiore
```
44
Ruche di Castagnole Monferrato DOCG history
Established DOCG in 2010
"Vigna" specification only with 3 year old vineyards
90% Ruche to 0-10% Brachetto or Barbera
12.5% Alc
Med Bodied, aromatic, pepper, florals, light fruit
Soft tannins
45
What three DOCG's make 100% Dolcetto wines?
Dolcetto di Ovada Superiore DOCG
Dolgiani DOCG
Dolcetto di Diano d'Alba DOCG
46
Of the three 100% Dolcetto DOCG's which can only be a DOCG if its Superiore Status?
Ovada
47
Which of the three Dolcetto DOCG's can produce both Superiore and Normale? Which can produce Riserva?
Dolgiani DOCG and Diano d'Alba DOCG can produce Superiore and Normale
Ovada Superiore can produce Superiore or Riserva
48
Minimum alcohol and aging for Ovada DOCG?
Alc: 12.5% | vineyard 13%
Aging:
- 12 superiore
- 20 vineyard superiore
- 24 riserva
49
What is Sori?
Piemontese dialect for the part of the hillside where the snow melts first, meaning full southern exposure and therefore the best place for Nebbiolo vines.
50
Minimum alcohol and aging for Diano d'Alba DOCG
Alc: 12% | sori 12.5%
Aging:
- 2-3 Months for Normale
- 10 months superiore
51
Minimum alcohol and aging for Dolgiani?
Alc: 12% Normale | 13% Superiore
Aging:
12 months for both
52
Main grape of Gavi?
Cortese
53
Is Gavi Piedmontesque in wine style?
No it is more Liguarian
54
Cortese di Gavi general wine description
```
Dry, crisp, flinty
Fresh acid
Mineral rich
Floral bouquet
Hints of almonds due to lees contact in wine making
```
55
What style of wines are made in Gavi?
White still, spumante, and frizzante
56
What is the Charmant Method?
A method invented in 1895 by Federico Martinotti and patented by Eugene Charmant in 1907
- Starts like Method Traditional
- Second fermentation occurs in stainless steel vats for one to six weeks
- Filtering occurs prior to bottling to remove yeast
57
What characteristics are different in wines made with Charmat versus Traditional?
Fresher, fruiter wines v
58
What is largest DOCG producer of wine?
Asti
59
When did Asti become DOCG status?
1993
60
Difference between Moscato d'Asti and Asti Spumante
Spumante is a full sparkling wine and Moscato D'Asti is a frizzante partiality sparkling
- Spumante higher alcohol / D'Asti lower alcohol
61
Alta Langa DOCG permissible grapes?
```
Chardonnay
Pinot Nero (Noir)
```
62
How are sparkling wines made in Alta Langa?
Metodo Classico
63
Aging requirements for Alta Langa wines?
- 30 months for Spumante and Rosato Spumante
| - 3 years for Riserva
64
What three provinces grow the most grapes in Piedmont?
Asti
Alessandria
Cuneo
65
Notable communes in Barolo and slight description
La Morra - Barbaresco style soil, hard to generalize wines
Barolo - Openly fragrant wines, less tense
Castiglione Falletto - Notable elegance, slightly powerful
Monforte d'Alba - Perfumed, powerful, elegant
Serralunga d'Alba - Very powerful, perfumed, and notable in elegance and layers
66
Where is the Francia cru and who is it owned by?
Serralunga d'Alba commune in Barolo and it is owned by Giacomo Coterno
67
What is the sorì of the Langhe and Monferrato hills of Piedmonte
Southern vineyard exposure
68
Brachetto
Grignolino
Ruchè
Croatina
Vespolina
Freisa
These are all secondary grapes for what region in Italy
Piedmont red grapes
69
Cortese
Arneis
Erbaluce
Favorita (Vermentino)
These are all secondary grapes to what region in Italy
Piedmont white grapes
70
What river is Barolo and barbaresco located along
Tanaro
71
How many communes in Barolo?
11
72
What DOC is Barolo and Barbaresco located in?
Langhe DOC
73
What two DOCG's require 14 months aging with 6 months cask?
Barbera del Monferrato
| Barbera d'Asti Superiore
74
Ruche di Castagnole Monferrato DOCG produces aromatic reds using what grape?
Ruche
75
Where are more traditional method sparkling wines made in Piedmont?
Alta Langa DOCG
76
What wine from Piedmont requires;
30 months of aging after harvest
3 years for riserva
Alta Langa Spumante
77
What are the aging requirements for Alta Langa?
30 months after harvest
| Riserva 3 years
78
When did Alta Langa gain DOC and DOCG status?
2002 and 2011
79
Where are the grapes of Piedmont mostly grown?
Asti
Alessandria
Cuneo
80
What white grape is the most grown in Piedmont?
Moscato Bianco
81
What is the main grape of Asti Spumante?
Moscato Bianco
82
Is the grape used in Moscato d'Asti the same as Asti Spumante?
yes just less riper for Asti Spumanti
83
Difference between Moscato d'Asti and Asti Spumante
Moscato is a frizzante
Spumante is fully sparkling
Spumante has higher alcohol
84
Barbera d'Asti
| Barbera del Monferrato Superior are located at the bottom of what famous hills?
Monferrato Hills
85
Typical alcohol level for Moscato d;Asti
4.5-6.5
86
What two DOCGs are designated for Barbera and what is the minimum requirement for each?
Barbara d'Asti and Barbara del Monferrato Superiore
| 85%
87
What is the maximum percent and blend for other grapes used in Barbara del Monferrato Superiore and Barbara d'Asti
15% Freisa
Griginolino
Dolcetto
88
Minimum aging requirements for all 3 superior styles of Dolcetto?
1 year
89
Diano d'Alba
Dogliani
Ovada
All have what in common?
They are 3 superiore styles of Dolcetto
90
All major communes of Barolo
```
La Morra
Castiglione Fallito
Serraluna d'Alba
Monforte d'Alba
Barolo
```
91
Barolo and Barbaresco are set inside what DOC?
Langhe DOC
92
The major communes of Barolo make up ___% of Barolo
90%
93
How many communes in Barolo`
11
94
What differs strongly between each commune in Barolo?
Soil Types
95
What is Central Valley in Barolo?
Where La More and Barolo communes are set in. Elevation drops 200-250m
96
What is Serralunga Valley
Where Serralunga d'Alba, Monforte d'Alba and Castignlione Fallato communes are set in
97
Barolo soils can be broken down into how many types
Helvetian and Tortonion
98
Difference between Helvetian and Tortonian soils
Tortonian is rich in magnesium and manganese.
Helvetian soils are rich in iron
Both are calcareous marls of marine origin
99
What kind of wine does Tortonian soils generally produce?
Softer, more fragrant, and early maturing
| Easily approachable
100
What style of wine does Helvetian soils generally produce?
Richer, complex, fuller bodied wines with more structure and longevity/capability to age
101
Where is Tortonian soils found in Barolo?
La Morra and Barolo communes
102
Where is Helvetian soil located in Barolo?
East: Serralunga Valley
| Serralunga, Castiglione Fallito, Monforte d'Alba
103
What commune is most planted in Barolo?
La Morra
104
What Separate the two soil types found in Barolo?
Alba-Barolo Road
