ITAP REVIEWER Flashcards
(102 cards)
1
Q
A programmable, electronic calculating device. It comes in many shapes and sizes and perform a large number of functions.
A
COMPUTER
2
Q
- Computers come in many sizes and shapes but PCs are the kind that sits on your tabletops in offices and computer.
A
Personal Computer (PC)
3
Q
- It is also called a central processor or the main processor. It is the electronic circuitry within a computer that executes or performs instructions that make up a computer program
A
- Central processing unit (CPU)
4
Q
- It is a type of memory that is volatile (that is, the contents disappear when there is no power) and is read-and-write.
A
Random Access Memory
5
Q
It is a type of memory that is permanent (that is, the contents do not disappear) and is read-only.
A
READ ONLY MEMORY
6
Q
ItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItItIt is made of silicon semiconductors and are packaged in plastic or metal cases with steel “legs” or connectors. CPUs, ROMs, and RAMs come in chips. Common term fforffororor integrated circuit or IC.
A
CHIP
7
Q
It refers to data and commands entered into the computer and the processed data coming out.
A
INPUT/OUTPUT
8
Q
It is the basic unit of memory
A
Bit (Binary digit)
9
Q
It has eight bits in line.
A
BYTE
10
Q
Multiplied by a thousand (1,000)
A
KILO
11
Q
Multiplied by a million (1,000,000)
A
MEGA
12
Q
Multiplied by a billion (1,000,000,000)
A
GIGA
13
Q
Multiplied by trillion (1,000,000,000,000)
A
TERA
14
Q
. Error in a program or the working of a computer.
A
BUG
15
Q
- The person who uses the computer.
A
USER
16
Q
It is the physical components of the computer.
A
COMPUTER HARDWARE
17
Q
It refers to a device that is used to store information for immediate use in a computer or related computer hardware device.
A
- Memory
18
Q
- Often referred to simply as memory, is the only one directly accessible to the CPU.
A
primary storgae
19
Q
- It differs from primary storage in that it is not directly accessible by the CPU.
A
Secondary storage
20
Q
. It is a piece of equipment used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system such as computer or information appliance.
A
Input Device
21
Q
. It is any piece of computer hardware equipment that converts information into human-readable form.
A
OUTPUT DEVICE
22
Q
It is usually used as secondary storage.
A
- Hard disk drives or Solid-state drives
23
Q
A computer hardware that is used to transmit analog or digital signals over the telephone or other communication, or wirelessly.
A
- Communication devices
24
Q
- It is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in general-purpose computers and other expandable systems.
A
MOTHERBOARD
25
It ushered in the First Generation of computers in the 1940s to the mid-1950s, which used the vacuum tube, below, as their primary component.
26
. It ushered in the Second Generation of computers in the late 1950s to mid-1960s. It could perform the same functions as the vacuum tube but were much smaller and generated much less heat.
27
The Third Generation of computer from the mid-1960s to early- 1970s was based on integrated solid-state circuitry. Instead of individual components of the previous generation of computers like transistors, components were gathered together and placed on chip.
28
28. It ushered the Fourth Generation of computers from the mid-1970s. This invention also made possible computers small enough to fit on the desktop, and thus microcomputers were born.
29
29. It is the fastest and most powerful computers and are generally used for scientific research.
30
It is large and fast computers with many levels of redundancy used mainly in large corporations such as banks.
31
It is large and fast computers with many levels of redundancy used mainly in large corporations such as banks.
32
Desktop PCs, home computers, and game consoles commonly used by everyday consumers.
33
. Laptops, tablets, cellphones, portable media players, handheld game consoles, and other portable computing devices in common use.
- Mobile computers
34
34. It is a collection of data and computer instructions that tell the computer how to work.
35
35. It is software for managing computer hardware behavior, as to provide basic functionalities that are required by users, or for other software to run properly, if at all.
36
36. It is an essential collection of software that manages resources and provides common services for other software that runs “on top” of them such as applications.
37
37. It is software that operates or controls a particular type of device that is attached to a computer.
38
38. A software that uses the computer to perform special functions or provide entertainment functions beyond the basic operation of the computer itself.
39
39. An application software that runs on multiple computers within a network at the same time and can be stored on servers or with cloud computing.
40
40. It is a telecommunication network that allows computers to exchange data.
- Computer network
41
41. It is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks.
42
42. It is the layout plan or organizational hierarchy of the interconnected nodes of a computer network.
- Network topology
43
43. It is a set of rules for exchanging information over network links.
44
44. It is a network computer devices that originate, route, and terminate the date.
45
45. It is a computer network used for communication among computers and different information technological devices close to one person.
46
46. It is a network that connects computer and devices in a limited geographical area such as a home, school, office building, or closely positioned group of buildings.
47
47. It is a dedicated network that provides access to consolidated, block-level data storage. It typically has its own network of storage devices that are generally not accessible through the local area network by other devices.
48
48. It is part of a computer network infrastructure that provides a path for the exchange of information between LANs or subnetworks.
49
49. A _____ can tie together diverse networks within the same building, across different buildings, or over a wide area.
- Backbone network
50
50. It is a computer network that covers a large geographic area such as city, country, or spans even intercontinental distances.
51
51. It is an overlay network in which some of the links between nodes are carried by open connections or virtual circuits in some larger network instead of by physical wires.
52
52. It is a formatted unit of data (a list of bits or bytes) carried by a packet-switched network
53
53. A distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads between peers.
54
54. A distributed application structure that partitions tasks or workloads between the providers of a resource or service, called servers, and service requesters called clients
55
55. Each node is connected to its left and right neighbor node, such that all nodes are connected and that each node can reach each other node by traversing nodes left- or rightwards.
- Ring network
56
56. Each node is connected to an arbitrary number of neighbors in such a way that there is at least one traversal from any node to any node.
57
57. All nodes are connected to a special central node. This is the typical layout found in a wireless LAN, where each wireless client connects to the central wireless access point.
58
58. Each node is connected to every other node in the network.
59
59. Nodes are arranged hierarchically.
60
60. All nodes are connected to a common medium along with this medium.
61
61. It is a one-way connection
62
62. It is a family of protocols used in wired LANs. It transmits data over both copper and other cables. Sometimes simply called LAN.
63
63. It is probably the most well-known protocol for home users today. It shares many properties with wired Ethernet.
64
64. It is the foundation of all modern networking. It offers connection less as well as connection-oriented services over an inherently unreliable network traversed by datagram transmission.
65
65. It used to link devices to form a computer network include electrical cable, optical fiber (fiber-optic communication), and radio waves (wireless networking).
66
66. It is the most widely used medium for all telecommunication.
67
67. It is widely used for cable television systems, office buildings, and other work sites for local area networks.
68
68. It is a glass fiber. It carries pulses of light that represent data.
69
69. This uses Earth-based transmitters and receivers resembling satellite dishes. _____ are in the low-gigahertz range, which limits all communications to line-of-sight.
70
70. ______ via microwave radio waves, which are not deflected by the Earth’s atmosphere.
71
71. It uses several radio communications technologies. The systems divide the region covered into multiple geographic areas.
- Cellular and PCS systems
72
72. Wireless local area networks use a high-frequency radio technology similar to digital cellular and low-frequency radio technology.
73
73. It is a computer hardware that provides a computer with the ability to access the transmission media and has the ability to process low-level network information.
74
74. It is an internetworking device that forwards packets between networks by processing the routing information included in the packet or datagram.
75
75. It is used to connect network nodes via wire not originally designed for digital network traffic for example the telephone landline, or for wireless.
76
76. It is defined as a piece of knowledge that is raw or has not yet been processed.
77
77. It is defined as a piece of knowledge that has already been processed and is already useful and meaningful.
78
77. It is defined as a piece of knowledge that has already been processed and is already useful and meaningful.
79
79. Pieces of data are organized about an entity. An entity can be people such as students, teachers, doctors, and patients; events such as sales transactions; or objects such as items in an inventory.
80
80. A column on a datasheet; defines a data type for a set of values in the table
81
81. A row in the datasheet; a set of values defined by fields.
82
82. A grouping of related data organized into fields (columns) and records (rows) on a datasheet.
- Table
83
. It is a collection of data organized for storage in computer memory and designed for easy access by authorized users.
84
84. It is the process of creating tables with no repeating groups of data.
85
85. A type of database or database management system that stores information in tables – rows and columns of data – and conducts searches by using data in specified columns of one table to find additional data in another table.
86
86. It is a computer software application that interacts with end-users, other applications, and database itself to capture and analyze data.
87
87. It is a database management system from Microsoft that combines the relational Microsoft Jet Database Engine with a graphical user interface and software-development tools
88
88. It is a free and open-source office suite, a project of The Document Foundation. It was forked from the OpenOffice.org in 2010, which was an open-sourced version of the earlier StarOffice.
89
89. It is an article in the database such as a table, a query, a form, or a macro.
90
90. It is the combination of an organization’s hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment, all working together as a system to support the goals of that organization.
91
91. The operation of the system must be easily accessible at any time without restriction by all users of the system, according to their authorization or access level.
92
92. _____ means the period within which the system must be operational. When the system is unavailable, then it cannot be used.
93
93. The system must be flexible to meet all types of company changes and business changes, without a complete system failure.
94
94. This is the ability of an application to operate on any device or software platform.
95
95. This is the ability of a system can scale up or adapt to growing demands.
96
96. The describes the user-friendliness of a system. The system must be easy to use while also being efficient.
97
97. It is a relationship between fields
98
98. It is a set of logically related fields or values that occur multiple times in one record.
99
98. It is a set of logically related fields or values that occur multiple times in one record.
100
100. The process of making your data and tables match these standards.
101
101. The process of breaking your down into related tables.
102
