ITELEC Flashcards
(57 cards)
means technology solutions can be built via a service-oriented architecture by connecting up services from different providers
- top of other people other’s platforms.
Rise Of The Services Economy
- to deal with this ever-increasing complexity of our technology landscape will require a move from the standalone solutions of today.
- today, into a world of systems of systems, where
smaller technologies are nested within larger ones which in turn are nested within larger ones in a
plug and play, flexible, modular, service-oriented architecture.
Complexity
increasingly end-users are becoming
producers and to harness this new source
of innovation means closed systems have to
open up; creating APIs and platforms on
which end-users can alter, adapt and
innovate while being supported by the core
technology.
user generated systems
is a group of technologies that are
used as a base or infrastructure
upon which other applications,
technologies or processes are
developed for the end-user
platform
also known as the infrastructure
layer or system software layer, forms
the foundation for running
applications.
Platform Layer
sits on top of the platform layer and
represents the actual software
applications that users interact with
to perform specific tasks
Application Layer
is the quality of dealing with generic
forms rather than specific events,
details or applications.
Abstraction
This is achieved by defining a core
set of building blocks and then
configuring them into different
bundles depending on the context.
Bunding
Platforms are open systems, unlike
traditional technologies that are
simply designed as individual
physical objects that perform a
function, platforms are designed to
be interoperable with other systems,
they will likely have external
applications running on top of them
all of which can not be fully foreseen
by the developers of the platform.
Interoperability
Adaptive capacity and agility are,
and will increasingly be seen as a
key requirement, if not the key
requirement, in the coming decades
Evolution
is a critical aspect of platform
technologies as it serves as a bridge
between different components of a
system, allowing them to
communicate and interact
seamlessly.
Interface
are built on top of the
platform layer and leverage the
underlying infrastructure and
services provided by the platform.
Application
is a fundamental component of
platform technologies, serving as an
intermediary between hardware and
software.
Operating System
refers to the underlying hardware
and networking components that
support the platform and
applications.
Infrastructure
The interface facilitates
communication between different
layers of the platform, allowing
applications to interact with the
operating system and infrastructure
through well-defined interfaces.
Interrelationship/Interoperability
This was from the period of 1940 to
1955.
- This was when machine language
was developed for the use of
computers.
- They used vacuum tubes for the
circuitry
1st Generation:
The years 1957-1963 were referred
to as the “second generation of
computers” at the time.
- ____and ______are
employed as assembly languages
and programming languages.
- Here they advanced from vacuum
tubes to transistors.
2nd Generation:
Combol & Fortan
The hallmark of this period
(1964-1971) was the development of
the integrated circuit.
3rd Generation:
The invention of the
microprocessors brought along the
fourth generation of computers.
- The years 1971-1980 were
dominated by fourth generation
computers. C, C++ and Java were
the programming languages utilized
in this generation of computers.
4th Generation:
These computers have been utilized
since 1980 and continue to be used
now.
5th Generation:
These early computers were
designed, built and maintained by a
single group of people.
- Programming languages were
unknown and there were no
operating systems so all the
programming was done in machine
language. All the problems were
simple numerical calculations.
- By the 1950’s punch cards were
introduced and this improved the
computer system.
The First Generation ( 1945 - 1955 ):
Vacuum Tubes and Plugboards
These machines were known as
mainframes and were locked in
air-conditioned computer rooms with
staff to operate them.
- The Batch System was introduced to
reduce wasted time in the computer.
Transistors and Batch Systems
The third generation operating
systems also introduced
multiprogramming.
- This meant that the processor was
not idle while a job was completing
its I/O operation. Another job was
scheduled on the processor so that
its time would not be wasted.
The Third Generation ( 1965 - 1980 ):
Integrated Circuits and Multiprogramming
- _________ were easy to
create with the development of
large-scale integrated circuits.
The Fourth Generation ( 1980 - Present ):
Personal Computers
