ITHS Chapter 1 Flashcards by shri patel

What is official recognition from an association that an educational program meets the educational standards for occupation?

accreditation

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What is a healthcare practices that limit the use of surgery and drugs?

alternative, complementary, or integrative therapies.

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What is a group of industries and occupations that share the same core values and basic knowledge?

career cluster

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What is a sequence of jobs progessing from levels base upon knowledge skill responsbility and authority?

career ladder

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What are documents that prove a person’s qualifications for a certain job?

credentials

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What is a type of medical care that treats a person based upon their specific genes and chromosones?

genomic medicine

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What are thread like strands that contain thousands of genes?

chromosones

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What is type of care treats a person as a whole after assessing the person’s physical, social, mental and spirtual well being?

holistic care

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What is a field of science that manipulates molecules and atoms to create devices that are thousands times smaller compared to current technology?

nanotechnology

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What are the standards created by the National Consortium for health science that describes the skill and knowledge needed to succed.

National Health Science Standards

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What is a form of medical care that creates living organs to replace tissues and organs lost to age, disease, injury or birth disorder?

regenerative medicine

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What is western medicine?

The most common type of medicine in the US

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Who was the founder of modern medicine?

Florence Nightingale

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What is the effects of antioxidants?

antioxidants contribute to disease prevention and promote good health by reducing cell deterioration.

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Western medicine has rejected forms of healthcare that don’t focus on what?

That don’t focus on physical signs of illness.

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Ancient practices are sometimes considered as what?

alternative, complementary, or integrative therapies.

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Wellness and the treatment of a disease requires what appoarch?

holistic (not only focus on the physical needs of a individual, but also on his/her social, mental and spiritual needs.

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What does Holistic care work to maintain?

Restore wellness by promoting balanced relationships between the body, mind and spirit.

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What are the most familar components of physical wellness?

healthy diet, excersie and routine medical care.

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What are the other components of physical wellness?

Mental/ Intellectual, social and spiritual wellness.

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Aside from scientific beliefs, what also affects our healthcare beliefs?

our personal history and culture.

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Hippocrates is known as what and when did he practice medicine?

Father of Medicine and 400 BC.

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What did he believe Hippocrates believe what type of care and what aspect of wellness did he promote?

He believed in holistic care, and promoted the wellness ascpects of

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When were parents told to place an infant facedown or on the side for sleeping? And why?

Between 1960s or 1970s. They did this prevent death.

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Having infants sleep facedown greatly increased the risk of what?

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

What campaign was introduced in 1994 from the American Academy for Pediatrics (AAP) to educate people about SIDS?

"Back to Sleep."

Since the start of the "Back to Sleep" campaign by how many percent has the SIDS rate declined?

Fifty percent

What is is the procedure of removing parts of the skull to release bad spirits?

trepanning

Why may part of the brain be temporarily removed?

To prevent brain damage due to brain swelling

What does the medication digtalis do?

regulate heartbeat

What does the medication morphine do?

relieves pain

Digitalis

What medicine is made from opium poppy?

Morphine

Who established accurate health records?

The anicent Egyptians

What is a legal requirement in medical care?

accurate health records

What are leeches used for?

restore blood ciriculation to skin grafts.

What is a example of antioxidants?

green tea

Who were the people who researched into physical causes of diseases?

Greece

Who built aqueducts and promoted focus on hand washing and hygiene practices to reduce infections?

Rome

Which ancient civilization created universal health care and licensing for doctors and pharmacists?

Arabic/Islamic

Who's mistake allowed for rapid medical advancements and vaccines?

The Europeans

Europe established what?

medical schools

Study of anatomy and physiology through human dissection was started by who?

Europe and America

Vaccines designed for a singular person, only given in one dose is known as?

Designer Vaccines

Replacing a abnormal gene with a better one is known as?

gene therapy

Organ created through regenerative medicine are created with the patient's?

DNA

What tyoe of cell has the power to become any type of cell in the body?

Embryonic cells

What type of cell are found in tissues and have the ablility to generate various cells?

Adult Stem Cells

Adult Stem cells have the power to heal injuries and have been used for?

Blood cancer and bone marrows

A DNA based stool screening that many people prefer to do virtually is known as?

colonoscopy

Molecular imaging provides detailed pictures of what going on in the body at what level?

molecular and cellular level

Molecular imaging gives scientist a better look at what?

cancerous cells, risk of blood clots and heart attacks

What are pacemakers used for?

regulate heartbeat

What is the field of science that creates devices that manipulates atoms and molecules is known as?

nanotechnology

What are the tubes that keep the arteries open are known as?

stents

What is the type of tubes that are used to guide imaging machines to repair the abdominal and aneurysms are known as?

Catheters

What is weakening of the blood vessels before they burst is known as?

brain aneurysms

When people have their gallbladder/ appendix removed they are able to have shorter stays because of what type of operation?

laparoscopic

What does outpatient procedures allow pateints to leave shortly after?

surgery

What is cataract, and Laser surgery that require no after stay for the patient known as?

Hermina

What type of machines are used to improve surgical procedures?

Robots

What type of surgery allows a skilled person to perform surgery on a person who is a different location?

telesurgery

What is the formal name of digitized patient records?

electronic health records

What are some of the other methods of percieving medication?

through the nose, mouth and skin patches

What can low income families qualify for in terms of healthcare aid?

Medicaid

What can older individuals sign up for in terms of healthcare aid?

Medicare

How many people lacked proper access to emergency services or health insurance in 2013?

50 million

How much do Hospitals and taxpayers pay every year to cover the costs of those who cannot pay?

43 billion

What is another problem that healthcare faces?

shortage of primary care physicians

When foreign born physicians fill in primary care postions, what becomes a problem?

communication

What are treatments classified into?

Diagnostic related groups

What is the acronym of diagnostic related groups?

DRGs

What is a DRGs?

DRGs limit the amount paid to a hospital for a patient with a specific diagnois.

What does HMOs stand for?

Health maintenance organizations

What do HMOs do?

lower the cost of healthcare through contracts with insurance companies

What is the abrevation of Preferred provider organizations?

PPOs

What do PPOs require members to do?

Pick a provider who has agreed to provide healthcare at a certain cost.

When was the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act signed?

March 23, 2010

What did the Affordable Care Act do?

changed the healthcare system and provided insurancefor larger amounts of Americans

What is the abbreviation of Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act?

Affordable Care Act

What is healthcare prices growing faster than?

inflation and income

When should massage therapy be avoided?

If you have a history of blood clots or take blood thinners

Why are herbal remedies not considered safe?

they can interfere with other medications

What can meditation reduce?

anxiety, depression and pain symptoms

What are the four types of Whole Medical System Practices?

Ayurvedic, traditonal chinese medicine, homepathy and naturopathy

What are the two types of Manipulative and Body Based Practices?

Spinal manipulation, and Massage therapies

What are the three types of Natural Products that are used in healthcare?

Herbal Medicine, dietary supplements, and probiotics

What are the three types of Mind- Body medicine?

meditation, yoga and acupuncture

Omega 3 supplements are useful to reduce the risk factor for what?

heart disease

What is glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate benefical for treating?

serve osteoarthritis

What is acupuncture benefical for treating?

osteoarthritis, dental surgery, migraines and headaches

What does the US surpass other countries in terms of money?

healthcare per resident

What are the biggest issue in healthcare?

The affordability and acess

What does NCCAM study?

alternative therapies and their effectiveness

What is the acronym of the National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine?

NCCAM

What is the acronym of The National Institues of Health?

NIH

What did the National Institues of Health (NIH) create?

National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

How many career clusters are there?

sixteen

What do many high schools offer to their students?

dual credit and advanced placement college coursework

What do Health Informatics Serivce do?

document patient care

What act was passed on March 23, 2010?

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act

What does Therapeutic service do?

change the health status of a person over time

What does Digagnostic Servcies do?

creative a image of a patient's status over time

What does Support Services do?

Provides a therapeutic environment for providing patient care

biotechnology research and development

What national agency keeps track of data about occupations and industries in the US?

The Bureau of Labor Statistic (BLS)

What is education past high school known as?

postsecondary education

What credential is given to someone after they complete a course of study?

certification

What type of credential is given to someone after they complete a licensure exam to prove that they meet the qualifications?

Licensure

What refers to a offical record of people who passed an examination to prove that they meeet the qualification?

registration

Which organization took the job of organizing the knowledge and skill needed to be a healthcare worker?

The National Consortium for Health Science Education

What is the abrevation of The National Consortium for Health Science Education?

(NCHSE)

What do the National Science Standards include?

The 11 Healthcare foundation standards.

How many years of education does a doctor of philosophy (PhD) require?

4 or more years in a university or graduate school

How many years of education does a masters degree require?

2 or more years in a university or graduate school

How many years of education does a bachelor's degree require?

4 year academic program in a university or graduate school

How many years of education does a Associate's degree require?

2 year techincial program in a community or techincial college

How many years of education does it take to achieve a dipolma?

1 year in a community or technical college

How many years of education does it it to achieve a certificate?

less than 1 year in a community or techincal college

What will future medical care focus mainly on?

predicting the disease the person will develop in the future.