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IUGS Flashcards

(110 cards)

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1
Q

nomenclature the term “igneous rock” is taken to mean

A

“Massige Gesteine”

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2
Q

Mineral groups used for modal classification for plutonic rocks

A

Q = Qtz, Tridymite, Cristobalite
A =Kfelds [An0-5]
P = Plagioclase [An5-100], Scapolite
F = Feldspathoids
M = Mafics.

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3
Q

CIPW meaning

A

Cross, Iddings, Pirsson, and Washington

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4
Q

hyalo-Ne basanite

A

Limburgite

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5
Q

Prefixes for rocks with glass

A

0 – 20 glass-bearing
20 – 50 glass-rich
50 – 80 glassy

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6
Q

If the pyroclastic fragments have been altered they are _________ or ________ if thier pyroclastic origin is uncertain

A

reworked pyroclasts; epiclasts

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7
Q

pyroclasts of any shape with a mean diameter of 64 mm to 2 mm

A

lapili

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8
Q

pyroclasts with a mean diameter of less than 2 mm

A

ash grains

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9
Q

pyroclasts the mean diameter of which exceeds 64 mm and whose angular to subangular shape indicates that they were solid during their formation.

A

Blocks

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10
Q

pyroclasts the mean diameter of which exceeds 64 mm and whose shape or surface (e.g. bread-crust surface) indicates that they were in a wholly or partly molten condition during their formation and subsequent transport

A

Bombs

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11
Q

Consolidated pyroclast are? Unconsolidated?

A

Pyroclastic rocks; tephra

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12
Q

a pyroclastic rock in which
bombs > 75%.

A

Agglomerate

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13
Q

a pyroclastic rock in which blocks > 75%.

A

Pyroclastic Breccia

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14
Q

pyroclastic rock in which bombs and/or blocks range in amount from 25% to 75%.

A

Tuff breccia

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15
Q

pyroclastic rock in which bombs and/or blocks < 25%, and both lapilli and ash < 75%.

A

Lapilli tuff

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16
Q

a pyroclastic rock in which lapilli > 75%.

A

lapilistone

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17
Q

a pyroclastic rock in which ash > 75%.

A

Tuff or ash tuff

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18
Q

rocks which contain both pyroclastic and
normal clastic (epiclastic) material

A

tuffites

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19
Q

rock contains more than 50% modal carbonates

A

carbonatites

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20
Q

coarse grained rock from calcite-carbonatite

A

sovite

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21
Q

medium to fine grained rock from calcite-carbonatite

A

alvikite

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22
Q

the main carbonate is dolomite.

A

Dolomite - Carbonatite
AKA Beforsite

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23
Q

the main carbonate is iron-rich, less than 20% silica

A

Ferrocarbonatite

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24
Q

carbonatites essentially composed of sodium, potassium, and calcium carbonates.

A

Natrocarbonatite

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25
rock type found in Oldoinyo Lengai, Tanzania
Natrocarbonatite
26
the main carbonate is Mg rich, less than 20% silica
Magnesiocarbonatite
27
the main carbonate is Ca rich, less than 20% silica
Calciocarbonatite
28
Carbonatite >20% silica
silicocarbonatite
29
The general term for plutonic melilite-bearing rocks is ______, and for volcanic melilitebearing rocks it is _
melilitolite; melilitite
30
melilitolites with melilite > 65% be termed
“ultramelilitolites”.
31
perovskite > 10%; melilite <65% -Kugdite -Afrikandite -Okaite
afrikandite
32
olivine> 10%; melilite <65% -tujarite -uncompahgrite -kugdite
kugdite
33
haüyne> 10%; melilite <65% -unconpahgrite -okaite -Tjarite
okaite
34
nepheline> 10%; melilite <65% -afrikandite -okaite -tujarite
tujarite
35
pyroxene> 10%; melilite <65% - uncompahgrite - kugdite - afrikandite
uncompahgrite
36
volcanic rocks w/ kalsilite and absence of leucite/melilite? plutonic?
Kalsilitite; Pyroxenite
37
A name for the distinctive series of consanguineous rocks katungite, mafurite and ugandite *Presence of kalsilite, leucite, and melilite*
Kamafugite
38
Other term of kalsilite syenite
synnyrite
39
Other term of kalsitite-biotite-pyroxenite
yakutite
40
Historical name of Ol-Px kalsitite
Mafurite
41
Historical name of Px-Ol leucite
Ugandite
42
Historical name of melilite with: Leu-Ol? Phl-Ol? Phl?
Katungite Venanzite Coppaelite
43
the diamond-bearing, porphyritic mica peridotites of the Kimberley area of South Africa
Kimberlites
44
group of volatile rich (dominantly CO2) potassic ultrabasic rocks commonly exhibiting a distinctive inequigranular texture
group I kimberlites
45
belong to a clan of ultrapotassic, peralkaline volatile-rich (dominantly H2O) rocks, characterized by phlogopite macrocrysts and microphenocrysts, together with groundmass micas which vary in composition
group II kimberlites (or orangeites)
46
Macrocryst foundin group I kimberlites
Olivine
47
Mineralogically they are characterized by the presence of widely varying amounts (5 – 90 vol %) of *phenocrystic phlogophites, richterite grounndmass,* forsteritic Ol, Diopside, Fe Leucite, Fe sanidine
Lamproites
48
Chemical characterisitcs of lamproites
Ultrapotassic (K2O/Na2O >3) Peralkaline ([K2O+Na2O] /Al2O3 >1)
49
which are hyalo Lamproites - Verite, Fortunite - Orendite, Madupite - Fortunite, Cancalite
- Verite, Fortunite
50
Madupitic Lamproites -Cedricite, Verite, Cancalite -Jumilite, Fitzroyite, Madupite -Madupite, Wolgidite, Jumilite
-Madupite, Wolgidite, Jumilite
51
Diopside Lamproites -Wyomingite, Orendite, Cedricite, -Calcalite, Fortunite, Verite -Jumilite, Woldigite, Mamilite
-Wyomingite, Orendite, Cedricite,
52
which does NOT display a property of lamprophyre - porphyritic, mesocratic to malanocratic - felds and foids groundmass - Cal, Zeo appear as primary phases; Bt, Amp, essential - Conrtains various types of perthites
- Conrtains various types of perthites (A property seen in charnokites)
53
characterized by the presence of orthopyroxene (or fayalite plus quartz) and, in many of the rocks, perthite, mesoperthite or antiperthite
Charnokitic Rocks
54
Opx Granite
Charnokite
55
Opx granodiorite
Opdalite/ Charno-enderbite
56
Opx tonalite
enderbite
57
Opx monzonite; Opx monzodiorite
mangerite; Jotunite
58
a light colored KFeld Granite
Alaskite
59
Granodiorite vs Granogabbro
Granodio : An0-50 Granogab: An50-100
60
A light colored tonalite
Tondhjemite and Plagiogranite
61
Per-alkalione varity of KFelf Neph Syenite
Agpaite
62
may be applied to nepheline monzodiorite or nepheline monzogabbro
essexite
63
special terms for ne gabbro and analcime gabbro
Theralite; teschenite
64
a dunite where its spinel mineral is magnetite
olivinite
65
a rhyolite synonym
lipartite
66
this term is used when an kfeld rhyolite contains alkaly px or amp
peralkaline rhyolite
67
a transitional rock between rhyolite and dacite
rhyodacite
68
High Mg Volcanic Rocks
Boninite Komatiite Meimechite Picrite
69
if SiO2 > 52%, MgO > 8% and TiO2 < 0.5%, the rock is a
boninite
70
if 52% > SiO2 > 30%, MgO > 18% and (Na2O + K2O ) < 2%, then the rock is a ______if TiO2 < 1% or a _________ if TiO2 > 1%
komatiite; meimechite
71
if 52% > SiO2 > 30%, MgO > 12%, and (Na2O + K2O ) < 3%, it is a .
picrite
72
if normative ne > 20% the rock is a .
nephelinite
73
if normative ne < 20% and ab is present but is < 5% the rock is a .
melanephelinite
74
A high Aluminum Ryolite/Trachyte
Comendite; comditic trachyte
75
A low Aluminum Ryolite/Trachyte
pantellerite; panterlleritic trachyte
76
division of trachybasalt
Hawaiite (Sodic) Potassic Trachybasalt
77
division of basaltic trachyandesite
mugearite (“sodic”) shoshonite (“potassic”)
78
division of trachyandesite
benmoreite (“sodic”) latite (“potassic”).
79
QAPF <5% Qtz
KFeld Syenite : 0-10 A Syenite : 10-35 A Monzonite : 35-65 A MonzoDio/Gab : 65-90 A Dio/Gab : 90-100 A
80
QAPF 5-20% Qtz
Qtz KFeld Syenite : 0-10 A Qtz Syenite : 10-35 A Qtz Monzonite : 35-65 A Qtz MonzoDio/Gab : 65-90 A Qtz Dio/Gab/An : 90-100 A
81
QAPF 20-60% Qtz
KFeld Granite: 0-10 A SyenoGranite : 10-35 A MonzoGranite : 35-65 A Granodiorite : 65-90 A Tonalite : 90-100 A
82
QAPF 60-90% Qtz
Qtz Rich granitoid
83
QAPF 90-100% Qtz
Quartzolite
84
QAPF <10% Felds
Foid- bearing KFeld Syenite : 0-10 A Foid- bearing Syenite : 10-35 A Foid- bearing Monzonite : 35-65 A Foid- bearing MonzoDio/Gab : 65-90 A Foid- bearing Dio/Gab/An : 90-100 A
85
QAPF 10-60% Felds
Foid KFeld Syenite : 0-10 A Foid monzosyenite : 10-50 A Foid monzodio/gab : 50-90 A Foid Dio/Gab : 90-100 A
86
QAPF >60% Felds
foidolite
87
Gabbronoic plagioclase and clinopyroxene
Gabbro
88
Gabbronoic plagioclase and orthopyroxene
Norite
89
Gabbronoic plagioclase and olivine
Troctolite
90
Gabbronoic plagioclase with almost equal amounts of clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene
Gabbronorite
91
Gabbronoic plagioclase and clinopyroxene with minor amounts of orthopyroxene
Orthopyroxene Gabbro
92
Gabbronoic plagioclase and clinopyroxene with minor amounts of clinopyroxene
Clinopyroxene norite
93
Gabbronoic plagioclase and hornblende with pyroxene < 5%.
Hornblende Gabbro
94
UM Low amount (<10?) Ol equal cpx, opx
Websterite
95
UM (<40%) Ol equal cpx, opx
Ol Websterite
96
UM (40-90%) Ol equal cpx, opx
Lherzolite
97
UM >90% Ol
Dunite
98
"UM Low amount (<10?) Ol cpx > opx
Ol clinopyroxenite
99
"UM Low amount (<10?) Ol cpx > opx
Ol orthopyroxenite
100
UM (40-90%) Ol cpx > opx
wherlite
101
UM (40-90%) Ol cpx < opx
harzburgite
102
UM (40-90%) Ol Px > Hbl
Pyroxene peridotite
103
UM (40-90%) Ol Px = Hbl
Pyroxene Hornblende peridotite
104
UM (40-90%) Ol Px < Hbl
Hornblende peridotite
105
UM (10-40%) Ol (10-50%) Hbl
Ol Hbl pyroxenite
106
UM (10-40%) Ol (10-50%) Px
Ol Hbl Hornblendite
107
SiO oversaturated TAS [including B and UB]
Picro-Basalt Basalt Basaltic Andesite Dacite Rhyolite
108
SiO saturated TAS
trachybasalt (H, Pt), Basaltic Trachyandesite (M, Sh), Trachyandesite (B, L,) trachyte/trachydacite
109
SiO undersaturated TAS
Foidite, Basanite(ol)/tephrite, phonotephrite, tephriphonolite, phonolite
110
a texture indicating poikilitic phlogopite groundmass
madupitic

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