IV Sedation

Question 1

What is cardiac output?

Answer 1

The volume of blood that leaves the left ventricle in one minute

Question 2

Stroke volume x heart rate =

Answer 2

Cardiac output

Question 3

Cardiac output x peripheral resistance =

Answer 3

Blood pressure

Question 4

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 4

What the drug does to the body

Question 5

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 5

what the body does to the drug

Question 6

Room air is

Answer 6

21% Oxygen and 78% nitrogen

Question 7

Expired air is

Answer 7

16% oxygen, 4% carbon dioxide and 78% nitrogen

Question 8

High blood pressure

Answer 8

Hypertension

Question 9

Low blood pressure

Answer 9

Hypotension

Question 10

During pulmonary circulation blood leaves the___

Answer 10

right ventricle and moves to the lungs

Question 11

What way does blood flow through chambers of the heart?

Answer 11

right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle

Question 12

Function of the trachea

Answer 12

filters the air we breathe

Question 13

Tidal volume during respiration?

Answer 13

500ml air

Question 14

Drug metabolism takes place in?

Answer 14

the liver

Question 15

Dosage and route for Aspirin?

Answer 15

300mg orally (chewed and swallowed)

Question 16

Dosage and route for GTN spray

Answer 16

400mcg per puff - 2 puffs
Oral - sublingually

Question 17

Dosage and route for Buccal midazolam

Answer 17

5mg/ml
oral - buccal mucosal

Question 18

Dosage and route for salbutamol inhaler?

Answer 18

100mcg per puff - 2 puffs
Oral - inhalation

Question 19

Dosage and route for glucagon

Answer 19

1mg
IM

Question 20

Dosage and route for adrenaline?

Answer 20

1ml Ampoule
1:1000

Question 21

Benefits of using dorsum of hand to cannulate?

Answer 21

Easier access
Less arteries and nerves
Easier to see and palpate veins
Movement not constricted therefore less liklely to dislodge cannula

Question 22

Cons of using dorsum of hand?

Answer 22

Vasoconstriction of veins due to hands being cold
considered more painful
veins are smaller and more mobile

Question 23

Benefits of anticubical fossa to cannulate

Answer 23

Veins are better tethered (less mobile)
less painful
Less potential for vasoconstriction
veins are larger and easier to cannulate

Question 24

Why do we take patients ASA classification?

Answer 24

To establish a patients physical health classification and risk assess their suitability for IV sedation. If a patient is ASA III or above then consider referring to a hospital setting.

Question 25

List 3 signs a patient is suitability sedated?

Answer 25

Fully relaxed in the chair Eyes closed but still able to respond to command speech slurred less talkative unless prompted drooping of the eyelids

Question 26

Why do we record blood pressure at patient assessment?

Answer 26

Help establish ASA classification. For a baseline reading before treatment begins. To detect underlying health conditions like possible hypertension (high blood pressure)

Question 27

What can give a false pulseoximeter reading?

Answer 27

Finger probe falling off due to patient moving about Dark coloured nail varnish or acrylic nails cold hands (vasoconstriction) which causes blood vessels to shrink blood pressure cuff and finger probe on the same side/arm skin pigmentation

Question 28

Bradycardia?

Answer 28

Low heart rate

Question 29

Tachycardia?

Answer 29

High heart rate

Question 30

When will hypertension (HBP) not occur?

Answer 30

During anaphylaxis

Question 31

in what order does a drug move into, through and out of the body?

Answer 31

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

Question 32

What is the function of the respiratory system?

Answer 32

To provide the body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide

Question 33

Clinical effects of benzodiazepines?

Answer 33

Anxiolysis Anticonvulsant Amnesia Muscle relaxant Anaesthesia Respiratory depression Sedative

Question 34

Half life of midazolam?

Answer 34

90-150mins

Question 35

Absolute contra indications?

Answer 35

No escort Inability to cooperate Mystavis gravies

Question 36

Half life of flumazenil?

Answer 36

53 mins

Question 37

Half life of propofol?

Answer 37

30-60mins