IV therapy

Question 1

What is hypertonic intravenous fluid?

Answer 1

Water moves from interstitial space to plasma.

Question 2

What is hypotonic intravenous fluid?

Answer 2

Water moves from plasma to interstitial space.

Question 3

What is isotonic intravenous fluid?

Answer 3

No fluid shift.

Question 4

Deficient fluid balance disorders

Answer 4

• Can cause dehydration or shock.
• Treated with oral or intravenous fluids

Question 5

Excess fluid balance disorders

Answer 5

• Treated with diuretics

Question 6

Intravenous fluid therapy

Answer 6

— Replaces fluids and electrolytes
- Uses crystalloids and colloids

Question 7

Causes of water and electrolyte loss

Answer 7

• Gastrointestinal fluid loss, vomiting, diarrhea, laxatives, suctioning
• Perspiration, burns, hemorrhage, excessive diuresis, ketoacidosis.

Question 8

Crystalloids

Answer 8

• IV solutions with electrolytes
• Used to replace fluids and promote urine output
• Capable of leaving plasma and moving to interstitial spaces and intravascular fluid
• Compartment entered depends on tonicity of intravenous fluid

Question 9

Is 5% dextrose in water (D5W) isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic?

Answer 9

Isotonic

Question 10

Is 5% dextrose in normal saline isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic?

Answer 10

Hypertonic

Question 11

Is 5% dextrose in 0.2% normal saline isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic?

Answer 11

Isotonic

Question 12

Is 5% dextrose in lactated ringers isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic?

Answer 12

Hypertonic

Question 13

Is 5% dextrose in plasma-lyte 56 isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic?

Answer 13

Hypertonic

Question 14

Colloids

Answer 14

— Molecules too large to easily cross capillary membrane
- Stay in intravascular space
- Rapidly expand plasma volume
— Draw water from intracellular fluid and interstitial spaces into plasma
- Increase osmotic pressure