iv therapy Flashcards
(23 cards)
indications for venous access
iv hydration
medication administration
nutritional support
blood administration
administration of medications intermittently over longer period
vein
unoxygenated blood (dark red)
have valves
can collapse
lovated in the surface
do not pulsate
arteries
oxygenated blood (bright red)
do not have valves
do not collapse
located in the deep tissues protected by muscle
pulsate
adult body has?
50-60% of water
charge particles dissolved in the fluid are called
fluid and electrilyte balance system
factors asscociated with difficulty placing a peripheral iv catherter
underweight
overweight
staff inexperience
judgment of poor peripheral venous access
Solution that exerts the same osmotic pressure as that found in plasma.
> Can be helpful in hypotensive or hypovolemic patients.
isotonic solution
isotonic solution examples
lactated ringer
normal saline 0.9%
blood component: plasma,albumin 5%
5% dextrose in water
Solutions that are more dilute and exert less osmotic pressure than that of blood plasma.
They have to be administered slowly to prevent cellular edema.
hypotonic solution
hypotonic solution examples
Examples:
• 0.45% Saline
• 0.225% Saline
• Dextrose 2.5% in 0.45 Saline
hypertonic examples
• 50% Dextrose in Water
• 5% Dextrose in 0.9% Saline
• 5% Dextrose in LR Solution
• D10W and D20W
Solutions that are more concentrated or have a higher osmolarity than body fluid.
• To treat patients who have severe hyponatremia.
hypertonic solution
adequate for adult for infusing fluids and medication
gauge 22- blue
for pediatric and pt who has small or fragile veins
gauge 24- yellow
For infusion of viscous fluid such as blood or blood products and for rapid infusion of large quantity of luids
gauge 18- green
gauge 20- pink
for trauma, or and emergency
gauge 14- orange
gauge 16- gray
administration of contrast media in radiology dept
nexiva iv gauge 20,22,24
used in cleansing site
1% chlorhexidine gluconate with 75% ethanol swab stick for 30 secs
peripheral iv catheters are to removed for the ff reasons
site rotation every 96 hours
physician order
completion of therapy
iv site complications
is the inadvertent administration of non-vesicant drugs or fluids into the subcutaneous tissue.
inflitration
- is the inadvertent administration of vesicant drugs or fluids into the subcutaneous tissue.
extravasation
inflammation of vein
phlebitis
is due to one or more blood clots in a vein
that cause inflammation.
Thrombophlebitis usually occurs in leg veins, but it may occur in an arm. The thrombus in the vein causes pain and irritation and may block blood flow in the veins. Phlebitis can occur in both the surface (superficial) or deep veins.
thrombophlebitis
