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Flashcards in IVs Deck (26)
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1
Q

three indications for IV

A

administer fluids, med delivery, and blood administration

2
Q

three contraindications for IV use

A

1) . active skin infection site
2) . don’t insert distal to pre-existing thrombophlebitis
3) . avoid LE venipuncture in elderly, ppl w PVD or venous insufficency

3
Q

potential local complications for IV (2)

A

thrombosis/thrombophlebitis

OR infection

4
Q

potential systemic complications for IV (4)

A

1) . catheter embolization- break of catheter tip if pulled back over needle
2) . septicemia
3) . PE- clot at IV site dislodges
4) . air embolism- flush all lines

5
Q

how much air is enough to create an air embolism?

A

5-10ml

6
Q

two sites of easiest access? IV

A

dorsal hand and lower aspects of arm

7
Q

vein choice depends on? (weeds) 7

A

prescribed therapy, duration of therapy, condition of extremity, patient, condition of vein, size of vein, location of vein

8
Q

what can you combine with lidocaine to buffer the sting?

A

bicarb

9
Q

needle gauge sizes for blood administration vs iv fluids

A

blood = 16

IV fluids = can be as small as 23

10
Q

IV insertion procedure (9)

A

1) . apply tourniquet above elbow
2) . ID best vein (most distal vein that’s good, best palpable, firmness, etc)
3) . release tourniquet
4) . gather supplies
5) . reapply tourniquet
6) . cleanse site with antimicrobial solution
7) . retract skin distal to insertion site
8) . puncture skin looking for flash (slightly pull back on needle and redirect if no flash)
9) advance device 2-3mm further and cannulate

11
Q

what to do if you get swelling after IV insertion?

A

turn off infusion and remove IV, apply pressure for 3-5 mins, attempt IV insertion at more proximal site

12
Q

what are some preferred IV locations for kids?

A

hand, forearm, upper arm, foot, antecubital fossa

13
Q

what is a useful type of IV for kids?

A

butterfly

14
Q

for geriatric pts, what size cath is best? what do you worry about for small or large veins?

A

smallest cath
small = fragile and rupture
large = sclerotic

15
Q

what type of line do you avoid in geriatrics?

A

LE lines

16
Q

what to do if phlebitis occurs after IV placement?

A

remove it! and then pain relief/warm compress

17
Q

colloids vs crystalloids: weight, pressure, types

A

colloids: >8000 daltons, high oncotic pressure, albumin/blood products/plasma protein fraction
crystalloids: <8000 daltons, low pressure, D5w/D10W/1/2NS

18
Q

D5W contents

A

5% dextrose in water
50g glucose/L H20
170 kcal/L

19
Q

D10W contents

A

10% dextrose in water
100g glucose/L H20
340 kcal/L

20
Q

1/2 NS contents

A

0.45% NaCl
77 mEq/L Na
77 mEq/L Cl

21
Q

3% NS contents

A

513 mEq/L Na

513 mEq/L Cl

22
Q

NS contents

A

0.9% NaCl

23
Q

D5 1/2 NS contents

A

50 g glucose/L
77 mEq/L Na
77 mEq/L Cl
170 kcal/L

24
Q

D5LR contents

A
5% dextrose in lactated ringer's
50 g glucose/L 
130 mEq/L Na
110 mEq/L Cl
4 mEq/L K
3 mEq/L Ca
27 mEq/L HCO3 
<10 kcal/L
25
Q

how many fluids do you give for an afebrile 70kg adult?

A

35 mL x kg x 24 hr

26
Q

how many fluids do you give an afebrile <70kg adult?

A
1st 10 kg of body weight: 100mL/kg/d
\+
2nd 10 kg: 50mL/kg/d
\+
weight above 20kg: 20mL/kg/d