IX - General Pathology of Infectious Diseases

Question 1

1

These agents cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.

Answer 1

Prions(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 321

Question 2

1

Infected cells show distinct nuclear and ill-defined cytoplasmic inclusions.

Answer 2

CMV infection(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 322

Question 3

1

Infected cells show glassy nuclear inclusions, frequently with a surrounding halo.

Answer 3

Herpesvirus infection(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 322

Question 4

1

Infected hepatocytes show diffuse granular (ground-glass) cytoplasm.

Answer 4

Hepatitis B viral infection(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 322

Question 5

1

Sexually transmitted protozoan that can colonize the vagina and male urethra.

Answer 5

Trichimonas vaginalis(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 325

Question 6

1

Protozoan acquired either by contact with oocyte-shedding kittens or by consumption of cyst-ridden undercooked meat.

Answer 6

Toxoplasma gondii(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 325

Question 7

1

Size of microorganisms for them to be inhaled directly into the alveoli.

Answer 7

5 um(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 327

Question 8

1

These microorganisms grow in contaminated food and releases powerful enterotoxins that cause food poisoning symptoms without any bacterial multiplication in the gut.

Answer 8

Staphylococcal strains(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 327

Question 9

1

Intestinal helminth that cause disease when present in large numbers or cause obstruction of the gut.

Answer 9

Ascaris lumbricoides(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 326

Question 10

1

Helminth that causes iron deficiency anemia by chronic loss of blood.

Answer 10

Hookworms(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 327

Question 11

1

Helminth that depletes vitamin B12 giving rise to an illness resembling pernicious anemia.

Answer 11

Diphyllobotrium latum(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 327

Question 12

1

Placentofetal route as a mode of transmission is also referred to as ________.

Answer 12

Vertical transmission(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 329

Question 13

1

The ability of bacteria to cause disease.

Answer 13

Virulence(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 331

Question 14

1

Bacterial surface molecules that bind to host cells.

Answer 14

Adhesins(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 332

Question 15

1

Filamentous proteins on gram negative bacteria which allow exchange of genes between bacteria, and also involved in adherence.

Answer 15

Fimbriae/pili(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 332

Question 16

1

Clostridium perfringens produces this toxin that disrupts plasma membranes resulting in digestion of host tissues and collagen.

Answer 16

Alpha toxin (lecithinase)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 334

Question 17

1

Bacterial toxins with the capacity to stimulate large populations of T lymphocytes, functionally resulting in a “cytokine storm”.

Answer 17

Superantigens(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 334

Question 18

1

Examples of antigen presenting cells.

Answer 18

Dendritic cellsMacrophagesB-cells(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 334

Question 19

1

A superantigen secreted by S. aureus which causes inflammation, fever and shock. Found in the vagina of menstruating women.

Answer 19

Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1)(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 334

Question 20

1

Collection of neutrophils which gives rise to localized liquefactive necrosis.

Answer 20

Abscess(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 334

Question 21

1

High risk agents of bioterrorism which are easily disseminated and has high potential for mortality. An example is smallpox.

Answer 21

Category A(TOPNOTCH)

Question 22

1

A distinctive form of mononuclear inflammation usually evoked by infectious agents that resist eradication, but are capable of stimulating strong T cell mediated immunity. Characterized by epitheloid cells which may fuse to form giant cells.

Answer 22

Granulomatous inflammation(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th Ed p. 335

Question 23

1

Agents that are relatively easy to disseminate and produces moderate morbidity and low mortality. An example is E.coli O157:H7 which can cause HUS.

Answer 23

Category B(TOPNOTCH)

Question 24

1

Includes emerging pathogens that have the potential for mass dissemination with high morbidity and mortality. Examples are Nipah virus and Hanta virus.

Answer 24

Category C(TOPNOTCH)