Flashcards in IX - General Pathology of Infectious Diseases Deck (117)
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31
Mode of transmission of West Nile virus
Vector-borne (mosquito) (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 356
32
Viruses that most frequently establish latent infections in humans
Herpesviruses (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 357
33
A 10 y/o child presented with vesicular around the lips and cervical lymphadenopathy. Histopathologic finding showed cells containing large, pink to purple intranuclear inclusion that consist of viral replication proteins. The etiologic agent for this condition is:
HSV-1 (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 357
34
A 28 y/o female complained of itchiness and vesicular lesions on her genitalia which later progress to ulcerations. The cause of this condition is:
HSV-2 causing genital herpes (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 357
35
Latent infection with this virus is seen in neuron and/or satellite cells around neurons in the dorsal root ganglia.
Varicella-Zoster Virus (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 357
36
A 62 y/o male presented with painful vesicular rash in a stripe-like pattern over the left side of his trunk. On microscopy, the sensory ganglia contain a dense, predominantly mononuclear infiltrate, with herpetic intranuclear inclusions within neurons. This is a case of:
Shingles/Herpes zoster (TOPNOTCH)
37
Syndrome caused by varicella zoster virus with involvement of geniculate nucleus causing facial paralysis
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 359
38
A neonate was noted to have jaundice, anemia, and hepatosplenomegaly. Patient also had microcephaly, and brain showed foci of calcification. The most likely diagnosis is:
Cytomegalic inclusion disease (caused by CMV) (TOPNOTCH)
39
Morphology of cells in CMV
Prominent intranuclear basophilic inclusion set off from nuclear membrane by a clear halo (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 359
40
A 6 y/o male presented with fever, lymphadenopathy, and hepatomegaly. Lab showed abnormal liver function test and lymphocytosis. These are the most common clinical manifestion in
CMV infection in immunocompetent host. (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 360
41
Virus implicated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and some lymphomas.
Epstein-Barr Virus. (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 360
42
A 16 y/o male presented with high fever for a week, sore throat, enlarged lymph node in the posterior cervical and axillary region, and splenomegaly. Peripheral smear showed large lymphocytes with abundant cytoplasm containing clear vacuolization, an oval, indented nucleus and scattered cytoplasmic azurophilic granules (10% atypical lymphocytes). The main target cells of this condition is/are:
B cells and epithelial ells of the oropharynx. (EBV infection) (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 360
43
Patient with EBV infecction will have a positive or negative heterophile antibody reaction (Monospot test)
Positive heterophile antibody reaction. (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 362
44
A disorder caused by mutations in the SH2D1A gene, which encodes a signaling protein that participates in T-cell and NK-cell activation and antibody production. It is characterized by an ineffective immune response to EBV.
X-linked lymphoproliferation syndrome (Duncan Disease) (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 362
45
Toxin responsibe for Ritter's disease
Exfoliative A and B toxin(TOPNOTCH)Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 363
46
Other term for staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome.
Ritter's disease (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p. 363
47
A 5 y/o male was admitted due to sunburn-like rash over the entire body and evolving into fragile bullae. Presence of desquamation of the epidermis occurs at the level of the granulosa layer. What is the cause of this condition?
Staphylococcus aureus (causing Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome) (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p.364
48
Coagulase-negative organism causing opportunistic infections in catheterized patients,patients with prosthetic valves and drug addicts.
Staphylococcus epidermidis (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed., p.364
49
A 30 y/o female was noted to have dyspnea and generalized erythematous rash. She developed hypotension, renal failure, coagulopathy and liver dysfunction. History revealed the use of tampons. The most likely diagnosis is:
Toxic shock syndrome caused by S. aureus (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathogy, 9th Ed p. 363
50
A 50 y/o female presented with a 1-week history of progressive, productive cough, and 2 days of spiking fever. Chest examination was notable for decreased breath sounds on the right lower lung field. Chest radiograph demonstrated a right lower lobe infiltrate. A blood culture was subsequently positive for gram positive cocci in pairs. what is the likely organism causing this illness?
Streptococcus pneumoniae. (TOPNOTCH)
51
An 18 y/o female presented with painful swelling in her feet, knees, and wrist. The patient had been well until 10 days prior to admission when she developed a severe sore throat accompanied by fever. What is the most likely cause of his illness?
Streptococcus pyogenes/GABHS(TOPNOTCH)
52
Surface protein present in S. pyogenes responsible for antibodies and T cells cross-reacting with cardiac proteins.
M protein. (TOPNOTCH)
53
A 6 y/o male presented with tonsillopharyngitis, circumoral pallor and erythematous, sandpaper like rashes covering the trunk and extremities. What is the most likely cause of this illness?
This is a case of Scarlet fever caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (TOPNOTCH)
54
A 35 y/o female presented with rapidly spreading erythematous cutaneous swelling on the face with rashes that are sharp, welll-demarcated , serpiginous border forming a butterfly distribution on the face. On histologic exam, there is a diffuse, edematous, neutrophilic inflammation of the dermis and dermis extending to the subcutaneous tissue. This is caused by what microorganism?
S. pyogenes (case of erysipelas) (TOPNOTCH)
55
A 43 y/o male had a two-week history of fever, chills, weakness, and anorexia following a dental extraction. On physical examination, patient had high pitched murmur best heard at the apex. Echocardiogaphy done showed an irregular vegetation attached to mitral valve. The most likely cause of endocarditis in this case is:
Streptococcus viridans. (TOPNOTCH)
56
A 26 y/o previously healthy woman develops fever within 24 hours of delivery of an infant born at 32 weeks. Vaginal swab of the mother revealed Gram positive coci. Blood culture showed organism that are catalase negative, beta-hemolytic on blood agar. The most likely cause of bacteremia is:
Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus) (TOPNOTCH)
57
A 5 y/o old unimmunized child presented with persistent sore throat , cough and fever for 1 week. On examination, the neck was diffusely swollen with tender, bilateral cervical adenopathy. There were hemorrhagic areas on the hard palate and necrotic grayish membrane on the soft palate and tonsils. Morphologic finding of Intense neutrophilic infiltration in the tissues with marked vascular congestion, interstitial edema, and fibrin exudation were noted. This is caused by
Corynebacterium diphtheriae (TOPNOTCH)
58
True or false. Toxin produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae are the ones responsible for the clinical manifestations of diphtheria.
True. (TOPNOTCH)
59
A 2 mo old male was admitted to the hospital with a history of fever, vomiting, and convulsions. Birth history was unremarkable. CNS finding were suggestive of meningitis. Gram staining of CSF showed mononuclear cells with moderate Gram positive bacilli with tumbling motility. The most likely etiologic agent for this condition is:
Listeria monocytogenes. (TOPNOTCH)
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