J4- Festivals and Fasts Flashcards
(71 cards)
1
Q
What calendar do the Jews follow?
A
Lunar calendar
2
Q
What is the ten days of Awe? [3]
A
- A time for deep reflection
- a time to seek forgiveness
- Over the past year
3
Q
What marks the beginning of the Ten days of Awe?
A
Rosh Hashanah
4
Q
What marks the end of the Ten days of awe?
A
Yom Kippur
5
Q
What are the strengths and weaknesses for the ten days of awe? [2]
A
S- Personal growth + reconciliation
W- process can be overwhelming for some individuals
6
Q
What event does Rosh Hashanah mark? [2]
A
- The beginning of the ten days of Awe
- Anniversary of God’s creation of the world
7
Q
What do Jews celebrate God as?
A
King and Judge
8
Q
What is the Book of Life [2]
A
- The book where God starts to write names of who will live for the next year.
- Starts on Rosh Hashanah
9
Q
What is the Shofar? [3]
A
- Ram’s Horn
- Blown during the synagogue services
- Urges people to repent + return to God
10
Q
What does the Shofar’s noise represent?
A
- Hope
- Renewal
- spiritual awakening
11
Q
What symbolic foods do Jews eat during Rosh Hashanah? [3]
A
- Apple dipped in honey
- Pomegranates
- Round Challah bread
12
Q
What does the apple dipped in Honey represent?
A
Hope for a sweet new year
13
Q
What does the pomegranate represent?
A
Their seeds symbolize abundance and the 613 mitzvot
14
Q
What does the Round Challah bread symbolize?
A
the cycle of the year
15
Q
What does Tashlikh mean?
A
casting away
15
Q
How do Jews perform Tashlikh
A
Throwing pieces of bread or small rocks into a body of water
16
Q
What does Tashlikh symbolizes [2]
A
- casting away of sins
- starting a new year free of guilt and mistakes
17
Q
When does Tashlikh take place?
A
Afternoon- near a body of water
18
Q
Where does the Rosh Hashanah originate? [2]
A
- Torah
- Known as the day of blowing the Shofar
19
Q
What does Rosh Hashanah remind Jews of? [5]
A
- God’s kingship
- their duty to repent
- the hope for forgiveness
- God’s creation
- need to repair relationships
20
Q
What are the social significances of Rosh Hashanah? [3]
A
- Time for family gathering
- Community Celebrations
- Brings people together in worship and shared meals
21
Q
What is an advantage of the social significance of Rosh Hashanah?
A
Sharing symbolic food and tradition help pass on Jewish values to younger generations
22
Q
How do Orthodox jews observe Rosh Hashanah [2]
A
- Spend most of the day in synagogue
- focus of prayer and repentance
23
Q
How do reform Jews observe Rosh Hashanah?
A
- Emphasize the theme of self-reflection
- celebrate over traditional rituals
24
What are other ways Jews observe Rosh Hashanah? [2]
1. Engaging in Charity
2. to show repentance and renewal
25
What does Yom Kippur mean?
The day of atonement
26
Describe Yom Kippur
1. Holiest day of the year
2. Focuses on repentance and seeking God's forgiveness
27
What is believed happens on Yom Kippur related to the Book of Life?
God makes his final judgement about who is in the Book of Life
28
What do Jews do to show repentance on Yom Kippur?
1. Fast for 25 hours
- refrain from food, drink + other physical pleasures
2. Not wearing leather / shoes
3. Not wearing cosmetics
4. Wearing white
29
What does not wearing shoes/leather show in relation to Yom Kippur? [2]
humility
detachment from material comforts
30
What does wearing white symbolize? [2]
Purity
desire for forgiveness
31
Why are new resolutions made in Yom Kippur? [2]
1. Self-improvement
2. emphasizes human relations and relation to God
32
What is the Kol Nidrei
a prayer asking God to annul unfulfilled vows
33
What is the Vidui
Confession of sins
34
What is the Neilah [2]
the final service- end with blowing of the Shofar
- symbolizes the closing of the Book of Life
35
Where does the Yom Kippur Originate from?
The Torah
36
What is the social significance of Yom Kippur? [2]
1. Unites Jewish communities to pray and fast together
2. encourages individuals to mend broken relationships
37
How do Orthodox Jews observe Yom Kippur? [2]
1. Spend most of the day at the synagogue
2. Fast and Pray
38
How do Reform Jews observe Yom Kippur [2]
1. Personal reflection
2. ethical improvement
39
What does Pesach celebrate?
God's deliverance of the Israelites from Egypt through the final Egyptian plague and the Exodus
40
What was the Final plague of Egypt?
All first born sons of Egypt were killed
41
What was done by the Israelites during Passover? [2]
1. Marked their door with lamb's blood
2. God 'passed over' the israeli homes
42
What does the Passover/Pesach mark the beginning of?
Exodus- when Moses led the israelites out of egypt
43
What is the Seder? [2]
1. A meal that is a key part of Pesach
2. eaten on the first two nights
44
What is the Haggadah?
A book of prayers and readings (pesach)
45
What is Matzah? [2]
Unleavened bread
- Symbolises the haste of the Israelites leaving Egypt
46
What is Maror? [2]
bitter herbs
- represents the bitterness of slavery
47
What is Charoset? [2]
sweet mixture
- symbolizes the mortar used by Israelites in Egypt
48
What is Shank bone? [2]
A bone
- represents the lamb sacrifices during the final plague
49
What does the egg symbolise? (pesach)
represents mourning for the destruction of the temple
50
What happens during the Seder meal?
1. youngest family member asks four questions
51
Why is Pesach done? [2]
1. Commanded in the Torah
2. Reminds Jews of God's power, faithfulness and deliverance
52
What is the Social significance of Pesach? [2]
1. Brings families together through meal + exodus story
2. time to reflect of the importance of freedom and justice in today's world.
53
How do Orthodox Jews observe Pesach? [2]
1. remove all chametz (leavened products)
2. have stricter rules
54
How do reform Jews observe Pesach?
1. focus of the themes of freedom and justice
55
What is Sukkot?
celebration of the gathering in of the harvest and God's protection of Israelites during the wilderness wanderings
56
What else can Sukkot be called?
Feast of Booths or tabernacle
57
How long and when does Sukkot start?
1. Lasts for seven days
2. Starts on the 15th day of the Jewish month of Tishrei
58
What is a Sukkah
a temporary booth or shelter built for Sukkot
59
What do Jews do with the Sukkah?
1. Eat meals
2. Sleep in it
3. Decorate with fruits, leaves and ornaments
60
What does the Sukkah represent? [2]
1. temporary shelters used by the Israelites in the wilderness
2. reminder of God's protection
61
What is Lulav? [2]
1. Palm Branch
2. Represents the spine and deeds
62
What is Etrog [2]
1. citron fruit
2. represents the heart and emotions
63
What is Hadass [2]
1. Myrtle
2. represents the eyes and perspective
64
What is Aravah? [2]
1. Willow
2. represents the lips and speech
65
What does the waving of the lulav symbolize
unity and gratitude for God's blessings
66
Where does Sukkot originate from?
Torah
67
What are the social significance of Sukkot?
1. Brings families together under meals and worship
2. guests- sometimes strangers- are invited for celebration
68
How do Orthodox Jews observe Sukkot
Stricter rules with building Sukkah and Waving the lulav
69
How do Reform Jews observe Sukkot
1. focus on gratitude and protection
70
