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Geography YR9 > January Exam > Flashcards

January Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is the focus of an earthquake?

A

The point where the earthquake starts

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2
Q

What is the epicentre of an earthquake?

A

Point on the ground directly above the focus

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3
Q

What is an earthquake?

A

A sudden or violent movement within the earths crust followed by a series of shocks

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4
Q

What is a seismic wave?

A

Energy released by an earthquake.

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5
Q

What is the Richter Scale?

A

The scale on which the strength of the earthquake is measured.

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6
Q

What is magnitude?

A

How strong an earthquake is

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7
Q

What is after-shock?

A

Smaller earthquake after the main, large one

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8
Q

What is the first stage of how an earthquake happens?

A

Earthquake occur at plate margins

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9
Q

What is the second stage of how an earthquake happens?

Margins

A

As the plates move past each other at the margins the movement is not smooth

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10
Q

What is the third stage of how an earthquake happens?

A

The plates sometimes lock, causing pressure to build up

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11
Q

What is the fourth stage of how an earthquake happens?

A

This pressure is suddenly released in a jerky movement

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12
Q

What is the fifth stage of how an earthquake happens?

RELEASE

A

This release of pressure is called an earthquake

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13
Q

What was the biggest earthquake recorded?

A

Chile
1960
9.5

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14
Q

How are earthquakes measured?

A

Using the moment magnitude scale.
0-10

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15
Q

What is the first impact of an earthquake?

A

Buildings destroyed or damaged

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16
Q

What is the second impact of an earthquake?

GROUND

A

Soil liquefaction- ground turning to quicksand

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17
Q

What is the third impact of an earthquake?

SPARKES

A

Fires - electricity cables and gas have sparked

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18
Q

What is the forth impact of an earthquake?

A

Tsunami

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19
Q

What is the fifth impact of an earthquake?

A

Landslides

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20
Q

How can we reduce the impact of earthquakes?

A

Drop, cover, hold on
Aseismic (base-isolated), building design

Pendulums

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21
Q

What is the capital of Haiti

A

Port - au - Prince

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22
Q

What island is Haiti on?

A

Hispaniola

23
Q

What side of the island is Haiti on?

A

Western part

24
Q

What is the other part of the island that Haiti is on called?

A

Dominican Republic

25
Q

What plates are Haiti on?

A

North American and Caribbean plates

26
Q

What is the name of the fault in the Haiti earthquake?

A

Enriquillo - Plantain Garden Fault

27
Q

When was the earthquake in Haiti?

A

Jan. 12, 2010

28
Q

What seas surround Haiti?

A

Caribbean and Atlantic

29
Q

Why does Haiti experience earthquakes.

A

It lies on the North American plate and Caribbean plate which pressure built up over a long period of time until it was too much so it released in a jerky movement.

30
Q

How long was the 2010 Haiti earthquake?

A

30 seconds

31
Q

How long was the focus of the Haiti earthquake?

A

10km

32
Q

How many people live in Port-au-Prince

A

20% of the population

33
Q

Why was Haiti a natural disaster?

A

People were left homeless or even injured, therefore people were left in poor conditions which could lead to death.

34
Q

How many people were left homeless in the Haiti earthquake?

A

over one million people

35
Q

How many people were affected by the Haiti earthquake?

A

three million people

36
Q

At the end of march, how many people had died by the Haiti earthquake?

A

222,570

37
Q

Who announced the death toll at the end of march for the Haiti earthquake?

A

Haitian government

38
Q

What does NGO stand for?

A

Non-government organisation

39
Q

Why was the Haiti earthquake not a natural disaster?

A
40
Q

How far was the epicentre form the capital of Haiti?

A

15 miles west

41
Q

How many people died in the 30 seconds of the Haiti earthquake?

A

200,000

42
Q

How many people were injured in the 30 seconds of the Haiti earthquake?

A

300,000

43
Q

What human factor esculate the damage of the disaster of the Haiti earthquake?

A

Horrible history as a slave colony to Fance in the 1700

44
Q

Was Haiti the richest slave colony in the world in the 1700

A

YES

44
Q

What gave the Haiti slaves an oppotunity?

A

The french revolution

45
Q

What did Haiti do to become the fist nation to be created?

A

slave revolt

46
Q

What was Haiti forced to do after their slave revolt?

A

pay off 80% of the countries income to france in 1947

47
Q

What did most people in Haiti live in?

A

Poorly constructed towns

48
Q

What were the towns in Haiti made out of?

A

Branches, mud and concrete

49
Q

How many houses were destroyed in Haiti?

A

250,000

50
Q

How many commercial buildings collapsed in on themselves?

A

30,000

51
Q

How many people did the sanfransisco earthquake kill?

A

63 people

52
Q

When was the San Francisco earthquake?

A

1989

Geography YR9 (5 decks)

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