Japanese Particles Flashcards
1
Q
は
A
- Topic
- Defines topic of a sentence
- Emphasises info AFTER は
- Clarifies context for what follows
2
Q
が
A
- Subject
- Defines doer of the action
- Emphasises info BEFORE が
- Contains new or important info
3
Q
で (Location)
A
- Defines where action TAKES PLACE
- Used with verbs of action
4
Q
に (Location of existence)
A
- Defines where something IS
- Used with verbs of existence (います、 あります)
5
Q
に (Destination)
A
- Defines a PLACE something is moving to
6
Q
へ
A
- Direction
- Defines the DIRECTION something is moving in
7
Q
に (Time)
A
- For points in time that occur repeatedly
- CONTEXT tells us which one is being referred to
8
Q
no に
A
- Time
- Relative points in time (now, later, yesterday etc.)
9
Q
を
A
- Object
10
Q
と
A
- Co-participant (“and”)
- Used to connect NOUNS
11
Q
で (Means)
A
- Defines HOW an activity or an event takes place
12
Q
から
A
- Origin
- The beginning point of something, or where something is coming from, paired with the particle まで
13
Q
まで
A
- End point
- To mark the end point in space or time, paired with the particle から
14
Q
の
A
- Possession
- Links NOUNS together
15
Q
も
A
- Addition marker (“too”, “also”)
- Attached to a word to mark that word as a part of a set of things that belong together
