Jeff's cards Flashcards
(170 cards)
1
Q
Alexander the Great refused to let his troops eat fish due to this toxin;
Most common fish food poisoning in tropical coastal regions
A
Ciguatera toxin
Sxs: GI –> neuro
2
Q
Fish + histamine
A
Sombroid
3
Q
Red tide + fish toxin
A
Saxitoxin
4
Q
Pufferfish (fugu) toxin
A
Tetrodotoxin
5
Q
Cyanide toxicity Tx
Inahled?
IV?
A
Amyl nitrite
Sodium thiosulfate
6
Q
TCA toxicity
A
Na bicarb
7
Q
Bitter almond
Garlic
A
Cyanide
Arsenic
8
Q
methgb toxicity Tx
A
methylene blue
9
Q
ethylene glycol toxicity Tx
A
ethanol or fomepizole
10
Q
organophosphate toxicity Tx
A
atropine; pralidoxime
11
Q
BZO toxicity Tx
A
flumazenil
12
Q
osmolar gap & ketosis w/o sig met acidosis
A
isopropyl alcohol
13
Q
pt on a beta blocker goes into anaphylactic. shock refractory to epi
A
glucagon
14
Q
lactic acidosis, AMS, on nitroprusside drip
A
cyanide
15
Q
decompression sickness
A
accumulation of nitrogen gas
16
Q
nomogram for acetaminophen toxicity
A
modified Rumack-Matthew nomogram
17
Q
salicylate toxicity Tx
A
alkalinization of urine
18
Q
carbon monoxide poisoning with coma
A
hyperbaric chamber
19
Q
electrolyte abnormality a/w MDMA (ectasy)
A
hyponatremia
20
Q
antivenom rxn (1-2 weeks)
A
serum sickness
21
Q
cholinergic toxicity
A
SLUDGE: salivation, lacrimation, urination, diarrhea, gastric emptying
BBB: bronchospasm, bradycardia, bronchorrhea
22
Q
2 alcohols that cause high AG
A
methanol, ethanol
23
Q
alcohol that doesn’t cause high AG. Why?
A
isopropyl alcohol (converted to acetone–neutral compound)
24
Q
lithium toxicity Tx
A
HD
25
anticholinergic toxicity
red as a beet, dry as a bone, mad as a hatter, blind as a bat
26
NMJ disease, improves with use
Lambert Eaton
27
yellow tint in CSF
xanthochromia
28
prion disease, PNG
Kuru
29
#1 inherited peripheral neuropathy
Charcot-Marie-Tooth
30
impaired short term memory with confabulation, normal cognition
Korsakoff
31
ipsilateral weakness, contralateral loss of pain/temp
Brown-Sequard
32
wernickes triad
nystagmus
encephalopathy
ataxia
33
Charcot's triad (for MS)
scanning speech, intention tremor, nystagmus
34
Stroke like symptoms following seizure
Todd's paralysis
35
miners of this element get PD
manganese
36
test for NPH
Miller-Fischer test (remove 30 cc CSF and walk again)
37
plexus in achalasia
Auerbachs
38
plexus in Hirshsprungs
Meyers
39
protein found in Lewy Bodies
synuclein
40
Cushings reflex (triad)
HTN, bradycardia, irregular respirations
41
rapidly progressive dementia with startle myoclonus. CSF protein
CJD.
| 14-3-3
42
acute memory loss lasting minutes w/o LOC
transient global amnesia
43
auditory symptoms a/w Bell's palsy
hyperacusis
44
Tx for spasmodic torticollis (cervical dystonia)
Botox injections
45
Parkinsons + dysautonomia + ataxia + corticospinal tract signs
Multiple system atrophy
46
pupil with consenual but not direct response to light. eponym
afferent pupillary defect (Marcus Gunn pupil)
47
#1 malignant eye tumor
melanoma
48
#1 presentation of MS
optic neuritis
49
corkscrew conjunctival vessels
sickle cell disease
50
glaucoma dx criteria (3)
progressive loss of peripheral vision, high IOP, abnormal cup/disc ratio
51
pseudotumor cerebri Tx
acetazolamide
52
Daily spiking fevers (quotidian), arthritis and an evenescent "salmon-colored" rash
Adult stills disease
53
Pain at at the elbow is reproduced with the extension of the wrist against resistance
Lateral epicondylitis (Tennis elbow)
54
RA index finger abnormality
boutonniere deformity (PIP hyperflexion with DIP hyperextension)
55
proximal muslce weakness and elevated CK levels in a patient on chronic treatment for gout
colchicine myopathy
56
seronegative spondyloarthropathies
Reactive arthritis, IBD-associated, Psoriatic, Ankylosing spondylitis
57
TNF alpha inhibitors (3)
Infliximab
Ertanercept
Adalimumab
58
Felty's syndrome (3)
neutropenia, splenomegaly, RA
59
stridor and hoarseness in a patient with RA is a signal for involvement of this joint. Tx?
Cricoarythenoid synovitis (steroids!)
60
2 large vessel vasculitidies
Giant cell arteritis, Takayusu arteritis
61
active Hep B and vasculitis
PAN (polyarteritis nodosa)
62
low complement levels in these 2 vasculitidies
Cryoglobulinemia, SLE vasculitis
63
antibody associated with the absence of interstitial lung disease in patients with scleroderma
anti-centromere
64
autoantibodies associated with interstitial lung disease, arthritis, and a hyperkeratotic rash on the hands
Antihistidyl-tRNA synthetase
65
Test for lacrimal function in patients with dry eyes
schirmer test
66
pain localized to the distal radius and a positive Finkelstein's test
De Quervain's tenosynovitis
67
Most common extra-articular manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis
acute anterior uveitis
68
candlewax appearance on back x-ray
DISH (diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis)
69
Autoimmune disorders that comprise Mixed connective tissue disorder (3)
Antibody?
SLE, scleroderma, polymyositis
anti-U1 RNP (spliceosomal component)
70
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy that most commonly affects older men
Inclusion body myositis
71
2 types of arthritis that affect the DIP joints
OA (Heberden's nodes), psoriatic arthritis
72
class of drugs is the treatment of choice in patients with HTN crisis with scleroderma
ACE-I
73
Connective tissue disease in which wide mouthed colonic diverticuli are pathagnomonic
scleroderma
74
Antibody associated with neonatal lupus (congenital heart block)
Anti-SSA (Ro)
75
most specific autoantibody for SLE
Anti-Smith or anti-ds-DNA
76
Pulmonary complication of sjogren's syndrome predisposing to lymphoma
Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia
77
Apthous stomatitis, uveitis, genital ulcers
bechets syndrome
78
Primary biliary cirrhosis antibody
Antimitochondrial
79
Goodpasture's syndrome antibody
Anti-glomerular basement membrane
80
Antibody associated with drug induced lupus
anti-histone antibody
81
Familial Mediterranean fever Tx
colchicine
82
most common glycogen storage disease which can be associated with pain and weakness after exercise
McArdle's disease
83
HLA antigen is associated with aggressive rheumatoid arthritis
HLA DR4
| RA also associated with DR1
84
Wegners Ab
C-ANCA (anti-PR3)
85
Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction
Ogilvie's syndrome
86
common hereditary form of colon cancer (not FAP)
Hereditary Non-polyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome)
87
Stress ulcers associated with severe burns or trauma due to ischemia of the gastric mucosa
Curlings ulcers
88
pain out of proportion to abdominal exam findings in an elderly patient
Ischemic bowel (Mesenteric ischemia)
89
Most sensitive and specific test to diagnose acute cholecystitis
HIDA scan
90
Most sensitive and specific test to diagnose acute cholecystitis
Neutropenic enterocolitis
91
intestinal obstruction and pneumobilia
gallstone ileus
92
narrowing of the extra-hepatic bile duct from mechanical compression by a gallstone impacted in the cystic duct
Mirizzi's syndrome
93
skin condition a/w IBD (but activity does not correlate with disease activity)
Pyoderma Gangrenosum
94
esophageal webs and iron deficiency anemia
Plummer Vinson syndrome
95
Gastrointestinal polyps and pigmented macules around mouth and lips
Peutz-Jeghers' disease
96
Drug used to treat bleeding associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia
Combination estrogen/progesterone
97
Lights criteria
Protein (Effusion/serum) ratio greater than 0.5.
LDH (effusion/serum) ratio greater than 0.6.
Effusion LDH >2/3 upper limit lab reference range of serum LDH
98
TST threshold for tx in pt planning to take infliximab
5mm
99
Class of drugs causing regression of polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis
NSAIDs
100
Fe/TIBC percent consistent with hemochromatosis
45%
101
monoclonal antibody reduces disease activity in both MS and Crohns disease
natalizumab, an alpha-4 integrin antagonist
102
Minimum Child-Pugh and MELD (Cr, INR, total bili) scores to consider liver transplantation
7 & 10
103
Hepatotoxic mushroom
Amanita phalloides
104
patient with hemochromatosis develops abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea (bloody)
Yersinia enterocolitica
105
hepatic mass has been associated with the use of OCP
Hepatocellular adenoma
106
Most common cause of osmotic diarrhea
lactase deficiency
107
Associated with Fundal involvement of gastritis
pernicious anemia
108
Associated with antral involvement of gastritis
H. pylori
109
5 components of child pugh classification
Ascities, encephalopathy, bilirubin, albumin, PT
110
Charcot's triad
| Reynaulds pentad
RUQ pain, jaundice, fever/chills
| AMS, hypotension
111
Pancreatitis: periumbilical region
Cullen's sign
112
#1 cause of liver failure in the US
acetaminophen toxicity
113
Finding on colonoscopy in patient abusing laxatives
melanosis coli
114
acute hepatic or chronic biliary infection caused by eating watercress
Fasciola hepatica
115
Urine lab used to aid in the diagnosis of intestinal carcinoid tumor
5-HIAA (5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid)
116
Antibody associated with ulcerative colitis
P-ANCA
117
Screening tests for HCC indicated in Hep B
AFP & hepatic US Q6mos
118
male patient with neuronal hearing loss and renal insufficiency
Alport Syndrome
119
Path of kidneys in patients with diabetic nephropathy
Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules
120
RTA is assoicated with nephrolithiasis
Type I RTA (distal)
121
Winter's formula
PCO2 = [1.5(HCO3 + 8) +/- 2
122
patient with nephritic syndrome who presents with flank pain, frank hematuria and acute worsening of their renal function
Renal vein thrombosis
123
5 causes of low complement GN
```
post infectious
SLE
cryoglobulinemia
MPGN
endocarditiis
```
124
acute renal failure, eosinophilia and livedo reticularis
cholesterol emboli syndrome
125
Most likely cause of hyperkalemia in diabetic patients with mild to moderate renal insufficiency
Type IV RTA
126
Most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis
IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease)
127
BB that improve mortality in HFrEF
carvedilol
metoprolol succinate
bisoprolol
128
goal SBP w/in 1 hr aortic dissection
<120
129
a/w bicuspid aortic valve & Turner syndrome
aortic coarctation
130
hand finding pathogneumonic for Dermatomyosis
Gottron's papules
131
Ears + saddle nose
relapsing polychondritis
132
pain, numbness, tingling in the forefoot, aggravated by high heels
mortons neuroma
133
vitamin that reduces falls in the elderly
vit D
134
normal time threshold for "get up and go"
<10 secs
135
distinguish factor deficency from factor inhibitor
Mixing study
136
least common MPN
primary myelofibrosis
137
gold standard HIT Dx
serotonin release assay
138
characterized by lack of CD 55 & CD 59 on RBCs
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hematuria
139
max TIMI score
7
140
cause of STEMI in young F with Raynauds
coronary vasospasm
141
fibro-fatty infiltration of the RV
Arrhythmogenic RV dysplasia
142
septal shudder and bounce on echocardiography
Constrictive pericarditis
143
atopy, recurrent food impaction and esophageal rings, furrows, plaques, or strictures
Eosinophilic esophagitis
144
Immunological cause of false-negative IgA anti-tTG antibody test for celiac disease
IgA deficiency
145
nausea, early satiety, and bloating in patient with systemic sclerosis
Gastroparesis (accept delayed gastric emptying)
146
Eponym for perihepatitis and pelvic inflammatory disease
Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome
147
peritoneal carcinomatosis of unknown primary are treated for this cancer
ovarian
148
histological scoring system for patients with biopsy proven prostate cancer
gleason score
149
eponym for gastrointestinal metastases to ovary
Krukenberg tumor
150
BRAF mutation is specific for this endocrine cancer
Papillary thyroid cancer
151
association with spoon nails
iron defcy anemia
152
Irradiated blood prevents this fatal transfusion-related complication
Graft vs Host disease (GVHD)
153
elevated homocysteine and normal methylmalonic acid levels
Folate deficiency
154
intracytoplasmic inclusion associated with ehrlichiosis
Morulae
155
Etiological agent responsible for cat scratch disease
Bartonella henselae
156
skin lesions in animal hide workers
Cutaneous anthrax
157
Most likely malarial agent causing an 8% RBC parasitemia rate
P. falciparum
158
Scoring system to predict risk of stroke at 2, 7, and 90 days after TIA
ABCD2
159
Dementia presenting with early personality changes, fixation, disinhibition and emotional lability
Frontotemporal dementia
160
noninflammatory, nonatherosclerotic carotid artery stenosis in a young woman
Fibromuscular dysplasia
161
ulcerative impetigo
Ecthyma
162
develops after infection with β-hemolytic Streptococcus
Guttate psoriasis
163
Eponym describing the ability to laterally extend bullae by application of pressure
indirect Nikolsky sign
164
Split urine collection (daytime and nighttime) used to diagnose this condition
Orthostatic proteinuria
165
Multiple myeloma type typically associated with low anion gap
IgG myeloma
166
Eponym for renal carcinoma, CNS hemangioblastomas and retinal angiomas
von Hippel-Lindau disease
167
Eponym for criteria used to diagnose acute rheumatic fever
Jones criteria
168
nonarthritic lateral hip pain that worsens with direct pressure
trochanteric bursitis
169
test that measures forward spine flexion
Schober test
170
cutaneous sarcoidosis characterized by red indurated papules, plaques, or nodules on the central face
lupus pernio
