Jekyll and Hyde Flashcards
Jekyll
into
jekyll represents the battle between supressed evil and societies expectations and the overall duality in man
shows how everyone has multiple sides and that repressing it can be bad -> change of culture with British empire
start
originally jekyll is a respectable gentleman -> maintains strong reputation in society and reflects victorian ideals of honour, restraint and morality
creates Hyde to be able to secretly indulge in his desires without getting caught and having his reputation ruined
takes lots of effort to become hyde
middle
jekylls conflict -> begins to be hyde more
jekyll starts to spend more time as hyde and he enjoys it showing how the power is changing and he is losing control
he first changes into hyde without the potion
he himself acknowledges the duality in himself
overconfident in ability to control hyde
end
jekylls loss of control and downfall
jekyll can no longer stay as himself without the potion showing how hyde has overpowered him and evil has won the battle
hyde also starts off as a small person however he grows bigger in size as the book goes on showing how literally he is becoming stronger and jekyll shrinks
becomes isolated and paranoid
shows how by continually divulging in evil desires they become stronger and stronger -> Christian morality and beliefs
victorian gentlemen
Darwins theory of evolution -> people were scared of regressing
Jekyll quotes
start
“I hesitated long before I put this theory to the test of practice.”
“A large, well-made, smooth-faced man of fifty, with something of a slyish cast perhaps, but every mark of capacity and kindness.”
middle
“The moment I choose, I can be rid of Mr. Hyde. I can be rid of him whenever I want to!”
“I knew myself, at the first breath of this new life, to be more wicked, tenfold more wicked…”
“Man is not truly one, but truly two.”
“I am done with him in this world”
end
“My devil had been long caged, he came out roaring.”
“the powers of Hyde seemed to have grown with the sickliness of Jekyll”
the body of Edward Hyde had grown in stature.”
“I was slowly losing hold of my original and better self, and becoming slowly incorporated with my second and worse.”
“I was no more myself when I laid aside restraint and plunged in shame, than when I laboured, in the eye of day, at the furtherance of knowledge or the relief of sorrow and suffering.”
Hyde
intro
represents the pure evil and immoral desires
gets stronger throughout the novella as jekyll indulges more in him and takes over in the end
start
Jekyll doesn’t spend too much time as Hyde and requires the potion to change into hyde
however when jekyll is hyde he is still pure evil, violent, cruel
tramples girl -> inhuman and cold-blooded -> animal like
middle
jekyll starts to spend more time as hyde and he enjoys it showing how the power is changing and he is losing control
he first changes into hyde without the potion
hyde becomes stronger
still pure evil -> kills carew
acts in a very animalistic way -> shows immoral desires as animals act without thinking -> regression and atavism and darwins theory of evolution
end
jekyll can no longer stay as himself without the potion showing how hyde has overpowered him and evil + the ID has won the battle
hyde also starts off as a small person however he grows bigger in size as the book goes on showing how literally he is becoming stronger and jekyll shrinks
hyde kills himself when he knows he is about to get caught as he wouldn’t be able to act as he wishes so thats his best interest
evil is part of everyone however the more you indulge the more prominant it becomes
he is what the victorian society is scared off -> darwins theory of evolution and scared of regressing
lombroso theory
victorian gentlemen and reputation
crime in london at the time
Hyde quotes
start
“Trampled calmly over the child’s body”
“I was still cursed with my duality of purpose.”
middle
“The moment I choose, I can be rid of Mr. Hyde. I can be rid of him whenever I want to!”
“With ape-like fury, he was trampling his victim underfoot”
“Something troglodytic”
end
“My devil had been long caged, he came out roaring.”
the body of Edward Hyde had grown in stature.”
“the powers of Hyde seemed to have grown with the sickliness of Jekyll”
“I was slowly losing hold of my original and better self, and becoming slowly incorporated with my second and worse.”
Duality of human nature
intro
jekyll and hyde represent duality -> good and evil
hyde shows consequences of indulging too much
start
creates hyde because of the high standards in victorian enlgand so he wants to be able to act as he wishes without it affecting his reputation.
Jekyll doesn’t spend too much time as Hyde and requires the potion to change into hyde showing how good is winning the battle of temptation
hyde is still evil -> tramples girl
middle
jekyll starts to spend more time as hyde and he enjoys it showing how the power is changing and he is losing control
he first changes into hyde without the potion
hyde is still evil -> kills carew
end
jekyll can no longer stay as himself without the potion showing how hyde has overpowered him and evil has won the battle
hyde also starts off as a small person however he grows bigger in size as the book goes on showing how literally he is becoming stronger and jekyll shrinks
shows dangers of evil
everyone has an element of duality (everyone has evil in them) however the more you indulge in it the more powerful it becomes
potion doesn’t create duality simply reveals it
reputation/gentlemen
Christian tradition -> sinning
familiar with ancient philosophy and literature which explored good and evil
duality of london with industrial revolution
Duality of human nature quotes
start
“Man is not truly one, but truly two.”
“I was still cursed with my duality of purpose.
middle
“The moment I choose, I can be rid of Mr. Hyde. I can be rid of him whenever I want to!”
“I stood already committed to a profound duplicity of life.”
“With ape-like fury, he was trampling his victim underfoot”
end
“My devil had been long caged, he came out roaring.”
“the powers of Hyde seemed to have grown with the sickliness of Jekyll”
the body of Edward Hyde had grown in stature.”
“I was slowly losing hold of my original and better self, and becoming slowly incorporated with my second and worse.”
science and the unexplained
intro
jekyll and hyde represent science and discovery
start
jekyll represents scientific discovery and experiment -> creates the potion to split the parts of man
doesn’t follow morals or traditional ways -> breaks boudaries
quite naive as believes he can control hyde
stevenson critiques this
middle
moral implications of Jekyll’s experiments -> results in death and harm to others
he has lost Lanyons trust and friendship
experimenting on humans
reflects victorian tension between rational science and supernatural/immoral
end
limitations of science -> jekyll can’t control his experiment -> science can’t control the evil in humans
causes jekylls death as he can’t transform back
commissioned to write christmas creeper -> gothic
Darwins theory of evolution
what would happen if science had free reign
science vs religion
science and the unexplained quotes
start
“The temptation of a discovery so singular and profound at last overcame the suggestions of alarm.”
“I stood already committed to a profound duplicity of life.”
“I have been doomed to such a dreadful shipwreck: that man is not truly one, but truly two.”
“The moment I choose, I can be rid of Mr. Hyde”
middle
“He began to go wrong, wrong in the mind.”
“such unscientific balderdash”
“I am quite done with that person.”
“I saw what I saw, I heard what I heard, and my soul sickened at it.”
end
“I had gone to bed Henry Jekyll, I had awakened Edward Hyde.”
“I was slowly losing hold of my original and better self, and becoming slowly incorporated with my second and worse.”
“The drug had no discriminating action… it but shook the doors of the prisonhouse of my disposition.”
the supernatural
intro
hydes appearance, gothic setting, transformation + potion
start
gothic setting + themes
The foggy, gloomy streets of London provide a perfect Gothic backdrop - isolated and lonely
Many of the novel’s crucial and terrifying events occur at night, heightening the suspense and fear.
Jekylls lab is set away from the rest of the house -> secrecy + hidden darker side
middle
hyde
he looks awful from everyone who sees him and he terrifies people
he is pure evil -> only person to be “just” evil
hyde is non natural -> created by immoral and injust science
end
potion -> supernatural agent itself -> allows Jekyll to do unnatural things
Jekyll turning into hyde -> terrifing, unnatural almost like supernatural possesion
visually traumatic to see -> beyond science and natural understanding
fear of the unknown -> builds tension and suspense
commissioned to write christmas creeper -> gothic
Lombroso theory
his ill health
idea came from a dream
the supernatural quotes
start
“The fog still slept on the wing above the drowned city, where the lamps glimmered”
“The street shone out in contrast to its dingy neighborhood, like a fire in the forest.”
“The night was brilliantly lit by the full moon”
“The gloomy, and perhaps the sinister, cast of the windows.”
middle
“There is something wrong with his appearance; something displeasing, something downright detestable.”
“He must be deformed somewhere; he gives a strong feeling of deformity, although I couldn’t specify the point.”
“Something troglodytic”
end
“The transformation… had left on that body an imprint of deformity and decay.”
“a grinding in the bones, deadly nausea, and a horror of the spirit”
“The drug had no discriminating action; it was neither diabolical nor divine; it but shook the doors of the prison-house of my disposition.”
reputation
intro
vitally important for all Victorian gentlemen -> hydes creation
start
utterson
utterson + enfields walks
utterson tries to protect Jekyll’s reputation even as he investigates the mystery of Hyde
hes a lawyer
avoids gossip
refuses to believe the worst about jekyll as this would
middle
hydes creation so jekyll can act as he wishes without being discovered
hyde is jekylls output to act on the evil without getting caught and punished -> motivated by fear of losing reputation not guilt from the awful crimes
end
how devastating it can be to lose reputation
Jekylls downfall -> he lost Lanyon as a friend + lost his own life
victorian standards
changing cultures -> criticing high standards
dangerous to repress part of yourself
he was a lawyer
reputation quotes
start
“their Sunday walks”
“I make no doubt I can get you out of it.”
“If it came to a trial, your name might appear.”
“I was coming home from some place at the end of the world”
middle
“I learned to recognize the thorough and primitive duality of man”
“I told myself, could be housed in separate identities, life would be relieved of all that was unbearable”
end
“I bring the life of that unhappy Henry Jekyll to an end.”
“I was slowly losing hold of my original and better self, and becoming slowly incorporated with my second and worse self.”
“I wish to see no more of Dr. Jekyll… I am quite done with that person”
“He began to go wrong, wrong in the mind.”
rationality
into
utterson, lanyon
start
utterson -> lawyer who represents logic order and restraint and approaches the mystery like a detective trying to find a rational explanation
rationality blinds him to the truth as he can’t except the truth
middle
lanyon -> rational science experiments -> rejects anything unscientific
seeing the unscientific experiment of jekyll and it causes his death as his rational view is now shattered -> unable to live with what he is seeing
end
lack of rationality in both Jekyll and Hyde
jekyll becomes more and more impulisive
hyde acts on rage and desire
primitiveness taking over
consequences of this -> both die
victorian society
he was trained as a lawyer
science vs religion
rationality quotes
start
“If he be Mr. Hyde, I shall be Mr. Seek.”
“The lawyer was a man of a rugged countenance”
“I am very sure he is in there. I will go and see for myself.”
middle
“He began to go wrong, wrong in the mind.”
“such unscientific balderdash”
“I am quite done with that person.”
“I saw what I saw, I heard what I heard, and my soul sickened at it.”
end
“ape-like fury”
“Mr. Hyde broke out of all bounds and clubbed him to the earth”
“I was once more Edward Hyde.”
“I was slowly losing hold of my original and better self, and becoming slowly incorporated with my second and worse self.”
violence
into
violence is represented by Hyde who enbodies pure evil and violence
start
evil causes violence
hyde trampling girl at the very start shows the violent nature of him from the offset
killing carew -> represents primal savagery and animal like impulsive behaviour
middle
uncontrollable nature of violence
repressing it seems to just make it worse
jekyll can’t hydes actions
jekyll can’t control when he turns into hyde
end
consequences of violence
kills and harms others
permanently harms himself and ends up in his death
psychological violence -> Jekylls torment and lanyons death
shows how if we give into temptation and violence it is not a good path as it harms us and others
we all have a violent part in us just society represses it
Darwins theory -> fear of regression
crime in london
victorian society
ancient philosophy about good and evil
violence quotes
start
“The man trampled calmly over the child’s body”
“With ape-like fury”
“Mr. Hyde broke out of all bounds and clubbed him to the earth”
middle
“The moment I choose, I can be rid of Mr. Hyde. I can be rid of him whenever I want to!”
“My devil had been long caged, he came out roaring.”
“I was once more Edward Hyde.”
end
“I was slowly losing hold of my original and better self, and becoming slowly incorporated with my second and worse.”
“I am quite done with that person.”
“God forgive us! God forgive us!”
secrecy and silence
intro
shown by both Jekyll and Hyde through their actions and belongings
start
hyde represents secrecy as Jekyll created him so he would be able to act as he wished undiscovered
jekyll doesn’t tell anyone about hyde
Hyde opperates at night, as at it easier to hide, as this was when he killed carew and trampled the girl
no one can find him or any information about him
middle
hydes house is also a secret as no one knows that it links to Jekylls -> front and back door
there is also lots of references to “the door” with no knocker deterring people
in a secluded area of london
night time -> darker so harder to see and things can go unnoticed
fog and gloom of streets also acts like a curtain hiding the truth
end
way the story is told
secrets are only revealed at the end through letters
once layon knows he refuses to tell anyone and takes secret to the grave
narrator and uttersons perspective ensure readers don’t find out until the end
victorian society
christmas creeper -> gothic
secrecy and silence quotes
start
“The moment I choose, I can be rid of Mr. Hyde.”
“If he shall be Mr Hyde, I shall be Mr seek”
middle
“The door, which was equipped with neither bell nor knocker”
“He eyed the dingy, windowless structure with curiosity.”
end
“You must suffer me to go my own dark way.”
“not to be opened till the death or disappearance of Dr. Henry Jekyll.”
addiction
start
dependance -> originally just enjoys the freedom however soon he begins to depend on changing into hyde to release the evil
middle
loss of control -> can no longer control when he changes or control being himself
can’t control what hyde does
end
consequences of addiction
kills and harms several people
brings his own life to an end
ruins his life
victorian society
industrial revolution
addiction quotes
start
“I felt younger, lighter, happier in body”
middle
“The moment I choose, I can be rid of Mr. Hyde. I can be rid of him whenever I want to!”
“I had gone to bed Henry Jekyll, I had awakened Edward Hyde.”
“My devil had been long caged, he came out roaring.”
end
“I was slowly losing hold of my original and better self, and becoming slowly incorporated with my second and worse.”
“I am quite done with that person.”
“God forgive us! God forgive us!”
good vs evil
intro
jekyll and hyde represent how human nature is split into 2 parts show by the the battle between good + evil
start
creates hyde because of the high standards in victorian enlgand so he wants to be able to act as he wishes without it affecting his reputation.
Jekyll doesn’t spend too much time as Hyde and requires the potion to change into hyde showing how good is the most controlling and is winning the battle of temptation
middle
jekyll starts to spend more time as hyde and he enjoys it showing how the power is changing and he is losing control
he first changes into hyde without the potion
hyde commits lots of acts of evil -> killing carew
hyde becomes much more powerful -> evil takes over
end
consequences of indulging in evil
loses control of himself
kills and harms several people
brings his own life to an end
ruins his life
Christianity, ancient philosophy, victorian society
good vs evil quotes
start
“Man is not truly one, but truly two.”
“I hesitated long before I put this theory to the test of practice.”
“A large, well-made, smooth-faced man of fifty, with something of a slyish cast perhaps, but every mark of capacity and kindness.”
middle
“The moment I choose, I can be rid of Mr. Hyde. I can be rid of him whenever I want to!”
“ape-like fury”
“trampled calmly over the child”
“Mr. Hyde broke out of all bounds and clubbed him to the earth”
end
“I was slowly losing hold of my original and better self, and becoming slowly incorporated with my second and worse.”
“I am quite done with that person.”
“God forgive us! God forgive us!”
the gothic
intro
shown in the setting, the supernatural/duality, violence
start
setting
The foggy, gloomy streets of London provide a perfect Gothic backdrop - isolated and lonely
Many of the novel’s crucial and terrifying events occur at night, heightening the suspense and fear.
Jekylls lab is set away from the rest of the house -> secrecy + hidden darker side
middle
violence
Hyde kills Carew and tramples girl
The novel features graphic violence and horror, essential components of Gothic literature.
women in distress -> maid watching murder of carew
end
supernatural/duality
The transformation from Jekyll to Hyde embodies the Gothic fascination with the supernatural and the uncanny
hyde is uncanny as he looks odd as he is pure evil
hyde is unnatural as he is not normal -> made from potion and pure evil
The theme of duality is central to the Gothic genre, showcasing the conflict between the outward appearance and the hidden dark side taken a step further as it is represented by a physical person, Hyde
christmas creeper
his ill health
crime in london
the gothic quotes
start
“The fog still slept on the wing above the drowned city, where the lamps glimmered”
“The street shone out in contrast to its dingy neighborhood, like a fire in the forest.”
“The night was brilliantly lit by the full moon”
“The gloomy, and perhaps the sinister, cast of the windows.”
middle
“Mr. Hyde broke out of all bounds and clubbed him to the earth”
“ape-like fury”
“The man trampled calmly over the child’s body”
“the maid fainted.”
end
“There is something wrong with his appearance; something displeasing, something downright detestable”
“a grinding in the bones, deadly nausea, and a horror of the spirit”
“The transformation… had left on that body an imprint of deformity and decay.”
