Jembatan Besi vs. Northwood, Irvine - Contrasting Social Inequality

Question 1

Outline the social inequality in Indonesia.

Answer 1

• Wealthiest 10% have 30% household income

- Poorest 10% have 3% household income

Question 2

Outline the living conditions of the population of Jakarta.

Answer 2

• 25% in slum settlements

- More live in slum-like settlements

Question 3

What is and where is Jembatan Besi in regards to Jakarta?

Answer 3

• Slum settlement

- 4km NW Jakarta centre

Question 4

Outline Jembatan Besi as a settlement.

Answer 4

• Population: 4000
• One of densest districts
• Organic
• Generations and economic migrants that are there for few months

Question 5

Why do slums like Jembatan Besi exist and grow?

Answer 5

• Demand for affordable housing exceeds supply

- Lack of resources to build or afford housing

Question 6

What is the average income of residents of Jakarta?

Answer 6

• US$4/day

- Not regular income - casual labour

Question 7

What kinds of employment are common in Jakarta, give an example of each?

Answer 7

• Casual labour - construction

- Self employment - selling second-hand goods from dumps

Question 8

What are the more formal employment areas in Jakarta?

Answer 8

• Garment manufacturing

Question 9

Which social factor is a major concern in Jakarta?

Answer 9

• Health

Question 10

What threats exist to residents’ health?

Answer 10

• No clean running water/groundwater contaminated by waste
• Water-borne diseases eg cholera
• Malaria
• Dehydration, diarrhoea
• Air pollution
• Poor nutrition

Question 11

How is education impacted in Jakarta?

Answer 11

• Poorly equipped schools

- Too costly/children needed to work

Question 12

Describe the housing conditions in Jakarta.

Answer 12

• Timber and brick ground floor
• Additional stories added
• Scrap wood, metal
• Constant fire risk

Question 13

Why is there a constant fire risk in Jakarta settlements?

Answer 13

• Close confines
• Kerosene
• Improvised electrical wiring

Question 14

How are authorities attempting to deal with the slums around Jakarta?

Answer 14

• Make inroads to worst areas

- Identifying “Community units” for improvement

Question 15

What are the issues with attempting to clear slums?

Answer 15

• People relocate to other slums

- Increasing overcrowding

Question 16

Where is Northwood located?

Answer 16

• Community in northern part of Irvine

- Orange County, California

Question 17

What is Irvine’s statement or goal?

Answer 17

• “Create and maintain a community where people can live, work and play in an environment that is safe, vibrant, and aesthetically pleasing”

Question 18

Outline the history of Irvine.

Answer 18

• Classic edge city
• Fully planned city
• Started in 1960s

Question 19

How does Northwood fit within Irvine?

Answer 19

• One of a series of ‘villages’

Question 20

What is the population of Northwood and how many households live there?

Answer 20

• 22,000 people

- 8,200 households

Question 21

What is the median income in Northwood compared to the national median?

Answer 21

• Northwood: US$ 86,500

- National: US$ 52,300

Question 22

Name three major employers near Northwood.

Answer 22

• University of California
• Blizzard entertainment
• Broadcom

Question 23

Name two TNCs with their headquarters in Irvine.

Answer 23

• Kia

- Mazda

Question 24

Give three other areas of employment in Irvine.

Answer 24

• Pharmaceuticals
• Aerospace firms
• Star-ups

Question 25

How significant is education in Irvine?

Answer 25

• 5 high schools
• Some of best in US
• University

Question 26

How educated is the population of Irvine?

Answer 26

• 70% residents over 20 years old have first degree

- 20% have masters or phd

Question 27

What is the crime like in Irvine?

Answer 27

• Crime rate 70% lower than average
• Violent crime: 50 incidents per 100,000 people
• Irvine 96% safer than other Californian cities

Question 28

Outline the racial composition of Irvine.

Answer 28

• 50% White

- 2nd largest group - Asian

Question 29

How is the housing in Irvine characterised?

Answer 29

• Single family houses on large ‘lots’

Question 30

What proportion of householders are owner occupiers in Irvine? What is the average household size?

Answer 30

• 90%

- 2.8 people per house

Question 31

What is key to Irvine’s success in the future?

Answer 31

• High quality housing/infrastructure/education/facilities
• Ideal climate
• Access to beaches