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Jesus Flashcards

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1
Q

Richard Dawkins quote on Jesus as a moral teacher:

A

“Jesus was a great moral teacher” - Richard Dawkins

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2
Q

Jesus as a teacher of wisdom - Introduction

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Jesus may be best understood as a teacher or wisdom, with the “message” Jesus has for the people today by being a moral message that has been carried far beyond time and the setting in which it first occurred. Jesus had a moral wisdom from valuable insights into the Hebrew traditiond which he applied life for everyone

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3
Q

Teacher of wisdom: A Rabbi with a special message

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A rabbi = educated teachers who interpret the law surrounded by followers. Term of respect
He spoke on moral issues and ideas, his main topics of the importance of love, self sacrifice, concern for the poor and the dispossessed, the importance of honesty, justice and peace
Jesus was a teacher, providing guidance and advice on the application of the law to moral problems

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4
Q

Teacher of wisdom: Rabbi Quote - Mark 11:21

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Peter to Jesus - “Rabbi look! The fig tree you cursed has withered!”

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5
Q

Jesus’ Moral Teaching - Overview 📰

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His wisdom is a message of repentance and forgiveness (i.e. to repenr and believe the good news)
He continually speaks of forgiveness of sins, healing the sick and spending time with rejected groups of people and sinners
His mind set has always been one of hope for mankind and those thrown out by society
His vision is a universal one of healing, bringing God and all of humanity back together again. This is the wisdom of his good news.

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6
Q

Teacher of wisdom - Quote about forgiving sins: Luke 7:47

A

“Therefore; I tell you, her many sins have been forgiven - as her great love has shown”

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7
Q

Teacher of wisdom: Jesus as a moral reformer or revolution against the rules of the Torah? Quote from Sermon on the Mount

A

“Think not that I am come to destroy the law or the prophets: I am come not to destroy but to fulfil”

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8
Q

Teacher of wisdom: “I have come not to destroy but to fulfil” - Ambiguity of statement

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Did Jesus think the essence of the Torah has been lost so that as a reformer he was returning it to its original purpose?
Or
Did he think that the arrival of the kingdom of God the Torah would be replaced, so that his teaching was a preparation for the new order?

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9
Q

Teacher of wisdom: Parables in which demonstrate Jesus’ moral teaching

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The Good Samartian - The Good Samaritan helped a marginalised man when everyone else walked past him
The Prodigal Son - Father’s forgiveness for sinning a lot and spending all of the money he was given
Sheep and Goats - Sheep go to heaven and Goats go to hell - Be a good Christian

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10
Q

Teacher or wisdom: Sermon on the Mount - Teaching before Miracles chapter

A

The sermon comes at the start of Jesus’ Ministry and is followed by 2 chapters devoted to miracles

Matthew is perhaps trying to highlight Jesus as a teacher rather than a miracle worker

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11
Q

Content of Jesus’ Moral Teaching - Words

A 
Love 
Forgiveness 
Repentance 
Overturning social norms
Power and wealth
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12
Q

Teacher of wisdom: Quotes about moral teaching: love

A

Love of neighbours - “love your neighbour as you love yourself”
Matthew 22:39

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13
Q

Teacher of wisdom: Rewording the commandments

A

“Blessed are the meek for they will inherit the earth”
Vs
“Thou shalt not…”

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14
Q

Teachers of wisdom: Overturning social norms - Quote about menstruation - Luke 8:43

A

“She came up behind him and touched the fringe of his garment, and immediately her discharge or blood ceased” - Luke 8:43

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15
Q

Teacher of wisdom: Power and Wealth Quote - Matthew 19:21

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Jesus said: “if you want to be perfect, go, sell your possessions and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven” - Matthew 19:21

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16
Q

Jesus’ Moral Teaching: Forgiveness and Repentance

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Metanoia - More than merely saying sorry, but desire to change a whole way of life
For example: Zacchaeus - offered to pay back all the money to those he has cheated

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17
Q

Responses to Jesus as a teacher: Hick 🎁☯️✡☯️🕎✝️

A

If Jesus is presented as a teacher of wisdom, this allows the acceptance of other important leaders of wisdom: Moses, Buddha, Muhammed
These teachers are “gifts to the world”
Only once the supernatural element of Jesus’ life are reinterpreted as symbols of his close relationship with God that Christianity will be able to enter into a healthy dialogue with other religious

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18
Q

Responses to Jesus as teacher of wisdom: Wittgenstein 🤞

A

Truth and authority of Christianity lay not in God’s promise of redemption but living life as honesty as possible. What gave Jesus authority was his role as a teacher of wisdom. He admired Jesus affirmed authentic human living, his commitment to truth, his courage to speak against hypocrisy

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19
Q

Responses to Jesus as teacher of wisdom: Christopher Hitchens

A

Atheist
Argues against Jesus as a great moral teacher and several of his teachings: for example, he wrote; “if only non sinners have the right to punish then how could an imperfect society ever determine how to prosecute offenders?”

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20
Q

Responses to Jesus as a Teacher of Wisdom: C.S.Lewis

A

Criticised those who accepted Jesus as a teacher of wisdom but not the Son of God - can’t have one thing without the other
“I am ready to accept Jesus as a great moral teacher, but I don’t accept his claim to be God - that is the one thing we must NOT say”

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21
Q

Jesus: Liberator of the marginalised - Overview

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A

Figure of political, religious and social challenge
Wanted to liberate people from sin and death
Conflict with authorities
Involved in arguments with Pharisees over religious law
Arrested at the Sandhedrin - Jewish Council and handed over to Pontious Pilate to be executed
Liberator of the poor, marginalised
Revolutionary Jew
Political Revolutionary
Social Revolutionary

22
Q

Jesus: Liberator of the poor: S.G.F Brandon

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A

The historical Jesus was politically driven freedom fighter but that later presentations of him in the gospels toned this down and re wrote passage to make him a pacifist
Jesus presented as politically neutral by the Church
Jesus had a bias towards the poor and needy

23
Q

Jesus: Liberator of the church - Gustavo Guiterrez

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A

Christ is fully engaged with affairs of the world
If this doesn’t happen… all the characters in the Gospel become fictional stereotypes rather than actual people engaged with the same kind of issues we have today

24
Q

Jesus: Liberator - Leonardo Boff Quote

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A

“Jesus Christ as the Liberator seeks to be committed to the economic social and political liberation of those groups that are oppressed and dominated”

25
Jesus: Liberator - Jesus as a Zealot - Camilo Torres Restrepo
Roman Catholic Priest who joined the communist people's army as a soldier in the guerilla war against the government troops "If Jesus were alive today, he would be a guerillo"
26
Jesus: Liberator of the Marginalised - "Sinners"
Despised trades: Tax Collectors Dung Collectors Sexually Impure: Prostitutes Bastard Religious Heretics: Samaritans Jesus also mixed with "people of the land" - Uneducated who were largely ignorant of the finer points of the Torah: Farmers/ Fisherman/ Servants/ Labourers His teachings frequently used sinners and people of the land as examples of the moral life rather than religious leaders Jesus kept table fellowship with tax collectors prostitutes and thieves Table fellowship for Pharisees = Precise standards of religious ritual
27
Jesus: Liberator - Challenge to political authority - Roman taxes
Political against roman taxes
28
Jesus: Liberator - Evaluation: E.P Sanders and Geza Vermes ✡
Think that Jesus was more Jewish than Christian Tradition admits Their views include concerns that: Gospels added stories to suggest tension between Jesus and Judaism (e.g. Sanders doubts there were really Pharisees waiting to surprise the disciples picking corn in the grain fields on the Sabbath Jesus lived his life as a Jew with Jews. References to non-Jews like Samaritans could be later additions Jesus didn't reject or replace the Jewish law
29
Jesus: Liberator - Evaluation: N.T.Wright - Quote
" I am not saying... that Jesus rejected his own religious culture. I am saying that Jesus offered a fresh interpretation of the scriptural tradition which he shared with his Jewish contemporaries. His was a critique from within"
30
Jesus: Son of God - Overview
Authority comes from carrying out God's will in a special way and acting on God's behalf He was God - or rather God embodied in human form God the son is not a phrase Jesus used himself - it was his followers that used this to describe his unique relationship with God
31
Jesus Son of God Bible Quote - Mark 9:11
Mark 9:11 - " And a voice came from heaven: "You are my Son, whom I love; with you I am well pleased"
32
Jesus: Son of God - Quote from Church Leader 451AD
In 451AD a council of church leaders defined Jesus as: "one and the same son, the same perfect in manhood, truly God, and truly Lord Jesus Christ"
33
Jesus: Son of God - Quote Mark 15:39
"Truly this man was God's son" - Mark 15:39
34
Jesus: Son of God - Authority
Authority comes from carrying out God's will in a special way and acting on God's behalf. He was God - or rather God embodied in human form
35
Jesus: Son of God - "God the son"
"God the son" is not a phrase Jesus used himself - it was his followers that used this to describe his unique relationship with God In Jewish terms "God the son" refers to the King, as someone chosen by God to carry out his will on Earth Messiah or Christos Son of God and Christ are equivalent in terms
36
Jesus: Son of God - Transfiguration
Jesus seems uniquely close to God at his baptism and the transfiguration The New Testament applied the term God to Jesus - God's only son Early Christians identified Jesus as God
37
Jesus: Son of God - Jesus' knowledge of God
The relationship between Jesus and God / The Father is mysterious. Jesus calls God "Abba" = Father But never calls himself the son God calls him the "son" at the baptism "This is my beloved son, in who I am well pleased"
38
Jesus: Son of God - Christology
The nature of Jesus' relationship with God The type of Christology Christians believe in changes what they think is meant by salvation Christology from above (high christology) - Focuses on Jesus' divinity and God's act of bringing humanity back into a relationship with Him Christology from below - (low Christology) - Focuses on Jesus' message, example and teaching. Salvation focuses on how people respond to Jesus the way this helps to develop their relationships with God and the world Even Christians who hold a high Christology position realise the difficulty of claiming Jesus knew he was the Son of God if at the same time it is also thought that he was fully human
39
Jesus Son of God - John 10:30 (1)
"The father and I are one"
40
Jesus Son of God: Contradiction - John 14:28
"The Father is greater than I" - John 14:28 Contradicts "The father and I are one" - John 10:30 Because as a human he could not be as all knowing and all powerful as God
41
Jesus: Son of God - How the churches resolved the question of Jesus' humanity (Hypostatic Union)
Hypostatic Union - Jesus was fully God, and fully human, indivisible - 2 natures United in one being - Council of Chalcedon One person - 2 natures - human and divine Christ must be human to be representative of humanity
42
Jesus: Son of God - Ancient Puzzle
How Jesus "knows" God is an ancient puzzle. If Jesus is God and human, does that mean he had 2 beings inhabiting one body with one in power over the other? While this explains how Jesus could know God, it would mean that Jesus is both God and a separate human being
43
Jesus: Son of God - How human was Jesus?
To save humanity from sin, Jesus had to be God If Jesus was human, wouldn't he have been corrupted by sin? If Jesus did not feel pain, and did not die from the crucifixion, that would mean he wasn't a real human But... if Jesus was God, does that mean that he didn't really suffer on the cross? How can God suffer?
44
Jesus: Son of God - Jesus is true God and true human being
He had a human birth, Physically died Grew up in a normal human way, Jesus had to be true God and true human being in order to be our saviour - True God - He had to be true God in order for his perfect life - Not corrupted by sin and his death given for all
45
Jesus: Son of God - What was the extent of Jesus' knowledge? - Gerald O' Collins - Quote
Gerald O'Collins said that Jesus was intuitively aware of his divine reality. "He knew that he stood a unique relationship to the Father and that as his Son he had a mission of salvation to others"
46
Jesus: Son of God - What was the extent of Jesus' self knowledge? - Karl Rahner 🧅
Karl Rahener - A genuine human consciousness must have an unknown future in front of it If Jesus was conscious of God the Father's awareness of all time, then his view of life can hardly be called a human one. He said that Jesus was like an onion with layers Psychologists often describe human self-awareness as having layers like an onion. We have deep understandings of ourself which are not always in the surface of our consciousness.
47
Jesus: Son of God - Birth and Incarnation
Incarnation - Literally means "in flesh" and is one of the central Christian teachings that God became flesh as a human being in Jesus Miracle Virgin Birth - Mary - Theotokos - Godbearer For God to restore humans to a state of perfection after the Fall, he had to become human
48
Jesus: Son of God - Examples of healing
John 9:1-41 - Healing a man born blind | The man literally and metaphorically "sees" Jesus - Opens his eyes to the truth of his teaching
49
Jesus: Son of God - Miracles - Examples / References
In the NT, Jesus is shown to be a miracle worker: Healing the sick (Mark 7:37) Driving out the demon - (Mark 7:37) Calming the storm (Mark 6:47-52) - Jesus was walking on water and he saw the disciples struggling against the wind and sat in the boat "Then he climbed on the boat with them and the wind died down"
50
Jesus: Son of God - Interpretation of Miracles - N.T. Wright 🕴👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 and Hume ❌ - Catholic Church 💪✝️
N.T.Wright - Through miracles Jesus is reuniting socially excluded groups back into a relationship with God Hume - We have no experience of miracles today so it is not possible to trust the Bible accounts Catechism of Catholic Church - Miracles strengthen faith in Jesus; they bear witness that he is the Son of God

Philosophy (4 decks)

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