- Aristocratic, priestly group - Control of Temple establishment - Cooperative with the Romans - Literal reading of Torah & rejection of traditional interpretations

- Non-aristocratic; educated - More numerous than other groups - Centrality of Torah which must be followed strictly and applied to daily life with the aid of tradition - “fence around the Torah” - Forerunners of rabbinic Judaism

- Separatist, priestly group - Believed Jerusalem priesthood was corrupt - Opposed to the Romans - Created a strict community in the Judean desert and left behind writings and biblical manuscripts (Dead Sea Scrolls) - Anticipated two messiahs (royal and priestly)

Jew Final Flashcards by Taylor Sapp

jeremiah

Prophesies AGAINST Jerusalem and the 
Temple (Jer 7, 26)
Wears a yoke / showdown with 
Hananiah (Jer 27-28)
Letter to the exiles already in Babylon 
(Jer 29); prophecy of restoration (Jer 31)

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Habakkuk

Protests that God is unjust: the 
Babylonians are more wicked than the 
Judahites!
Receives assurance that the Babylonians 
will not go unpunished.
The righteous endure “by faith.”

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Nebuchadnezzar

King of Babylon

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Jehoiachin

taken into exile in Babylon along with family. along with ruling class, temple treasures

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Zedekiah

appointed to throne by Nebuchadnezzar, but rebels against Babylon and sons killed in front of him and blinded

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hokhmah

Hebrew word for wisdom

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mashal/meshalim

short two- or three-line sayings that compare or contrast

elements in order to make a particular point

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Abraham Tradition

A chosen people; heirs to the promise of land,
descendants, and blessing (”in you all the families
of the earth shall be blessed”)

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Moses Tradition

A people of the Law; followers of the Torah; bearers

of the covenant; distinct from the nations

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David Tradition

A kingdom under the rule of God and his anointed;
victorious over enemies; centralized worship at the
Temple

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Cyrus

Cyrus, the Persian king, allows the
Jews to return to Jerusalem and
reinstate traditional worship of
YHWH

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Nehemiah

(governor), the Jews 
rebuild the 
Temple 
(Ezra 6) and reinstate the 
Torah (Nehemiah 8). A slow, 
difficult process, not a glorious 
return

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Diaspora

Many Jews lived outside of Israel (in

“scattered” communities

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oikoumene

greek for inhabited world

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Four beasts of Daniel

World empires portrayed as a succession of “beasts,” one after
the other, that will ultimately give way to the rule of “one like
the Son of Man

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Antiochus IV

provoked a rebellion when he tried to wipe

out Judaism completely

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Daniel

Served Nebud. Cyrus, Prophet who predicted the four beasts

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Augustus Caesar

As adopted son of the deified
Julius Caesar, Augustus is “son of
a god.” Power comes from piety

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auctoritas

latin for authority

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pax Romana

Period of world peace under

Roman control

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Sadducees

Aristocratic, priestly group
Control of Temple establishment
Cooperative with the Romans
Literal reading of Torah & rejection
of traditional interpretations

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Pharisees

Non-aristocratic; educated
More numerous than other groups
Centrality of Torah which must be
followed strictly and applied to daily
life with the aid of tradition
“fence around the Torah”
Forerunners of rabbinic Judaism

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fence around the Torah

laws instilled to prevent other laws from being broken

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Essenes

Separatist, priestly group
Believed Jerusalem priesthood was corrupt
Opposed to the Romans
Created a strict community in the Judean
desert and left behind writings and biblical
manuscripts (Dead Sea Scrolls)
Anticipated two messiahs (royal and
priestly)

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Zealots

``` - Believed it was necessary to take up arms against the Romans - Jewish revolt against Rome (66-73 CE) * Temple destroyed in 70 CE * - Bar Kochba rebellion (132-135 CE) also put down brutally by Rome ```

evangleion

``` a direct translation of the Greek evangelion ( lit. “good announcement” or “good tiding ```

euthus

greek immediately

Sermon on the Mount

Teachings on piety, prayer, and attitudes toward oneself and authors

Beatitudes

The eight ‘beatitudes’ (states | of blessedness). Mt 5:3-10

anithesis

The six ’antitheses’ contrast ’what you have heard’ with ‘what I say to you’. Mt 5:21- 48

kyrios

greek for lord

logos

greek for word

skene

greek for tent

eschaton

end of the world

eschatology

theology of the end of the world

ego eimi

greek for I am

Luke-Acts

``` The Gospel according to Luke and the Acts of the Apostles form distinct parts of a two-volume work on the first years of the Christian movement. Language: good, fluent, idiomatic Greek style; first volume of “Luke- Acts” Date: around 80 or 85 CE ```

Paul

``` Most important missionary in the NT; most prolific NT author (one-fourth to one- third of the NT). To tell the story of Paul is to tell the story of the movement. Born between 5 and 15 CE; died in mid 60s. Roman citizen from Tarsus (Hellenistic city); educated in Jerusalem; identified as a Pharisee. Known from LETTERS. Addressed to congregations and individuals. “Occasional,” that is, arising from specific circumstances. An authoritative word addressed to a community, read aloud in public; have an oral / aural character. ```

Jason

Housed Paul in Thessalonica

the present age

the age before Jesus

the age to come

after the return of jesus

last days

between the coming of Christ and his return

parousia

greek for presence or coming

Judaizers

Pro-circumcisers and Jewish sympathizers

pistis christou

greek for faith in christ

pedagogue

teacher

toga virillis

white toga representing manhood

how does the book of lamentatiosn portray the state of Jerusalem after its fall?

humiliated

PSALM 137 is?

mournful

How is wisdom like cosmic blueprint? How like a jigsaw?

God used wisdom to create all things. Its like a jigsaw because many mashals are wise and meshalims are many mashals and many are tiny pieces to the puzzle of creation.

Wisdom Literature books

Proverbs, Job, Eccelsiastes, some Psalms

What is meant by us living in a just world?

Righteous prosper, the wicked perish

Persian Period

538-332BCE

Hellenistic Period

332-63BCE

Maccabean Revolt

167-60BCE

Roman Period

63BCE onward

Augustus Rule

27BCE-14CE

What year was Temple destroyed by Romans?

70CE

Between what years were books of NT written?

40-100CE

Gospel of Mark written?

65-70CE

Marks beginning of evangelion

Jesus the christos (messiah), the Son of God

Priene Calendar evangelion Inscription

the birthday of | the god Augustus

Purity of Jesus contagious how?

they liked the idea of a good king

messianic secret purpose

Jesus silences demons, forbidding them from disclosing his identity (1:23-25, 34; 3:11-12). Jesus warns those whom he heals to remain silent (1:43-45; 5:43; 7:36; 8:26). After Peter declares him to be the Messiah, he warns the disciples not to discuss his identity (*8:27-33). After he is revealed in his glory as the Son of God, he tells Peter, James, and John to say nothing about it (9:9).

Gospel of Matthew written?

80-90CE

Four main points of genealogy for Jesus

Abraham, David, Exile, Jesus 42 generations

Gospel of Luke written?

80 or 85CE

what imperial imagery does luke use in his birth narrative?

army of angels appeared.

Jesus's concern for gentiles ex:

Rejected by his own and sent to Gentiles (Lk 4:16- 30). Tax collectors, women (10:38-42), sinners (ch. 15), widows (7:11-17), Samaritans (15:25-37). The poor (16:19-31).

gospel of john written?

end of first century and beginning of second

two books in gospel of john

Books of signs and glory

Jew Final Flashcards

(71 cards)