Jews

Question 1

Examples of actions against the Jews from 1933-35

Answer 1

1st April 1933- National Boycott of Jewish businesses
September 1935- Nuremberg Laws
7th April- Law for the restoration of the Professional Civil Service (Jews excluded from governments civil service)
4th October- Law for the exclusion of Jewish journalists

Question 2

What were the 2 main laws that were within the Nuremberg Laws

Answer 2

1. Reich Citizenship Act- Jews lost their citizenship in Germany
2. Law for the protection of German Blood and German Honour- Marriages and extramarital affairs between Jews and German citizens were forbidden

Question 3

Kristallnacht- Who, What, When, Where, Why

Answer 3

Who- Nazis
What- destruction of Jewish property (10,000 shops and businesses, burning 200 synagogues, 100 deaths and 20’000 —>concentration camps)
When- 9-10th November
Where- Started in Berlin and spread throughout Germany
Why- Prompted by assassination of Ernst Von Rath (German Diplomat) by Herschel Grünspan (Polish Jew) on 7th of November in Paris

Question 4

Forced emigration

Answer 4

-The Central Office for Jewish Emigration established in Vienna, overseen by Adolf Eichmann (1938)
-Jewish Property was confiscated to finance the emigration of poor Jews

-January 1939- Göring prompted to create the Reich Central Office for Jewish Emigration (ran by Reinhard Heydrich and Eichmann)
-Nazi persecution led to about half Jewish population leaving before the war

Question 5

Start of WW2- A turning point in Nazi anti-semitism

Answer 5

June 1941, Hitler launches Operation Barbarossa (invasion of USSR)- Was to be a racial war where Nazis hoped to conquer USSR and kill Jews and Communists

Question 6

What was the impact of WW2 on Nazi anti-semitism?

Answer 6

-Disrupted plans for forced emigration
-Nazi victories increased numbers of Jews they had to deal with
-German soldiers and civilians became conditioned to violence
-Nazis no longer had to consider how other countries might react to anti-Semitic policies